著者

田島 研一 高橋 恒人 絵面 良男 木村 喬久

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.1, pp.145-150, 1984

被引用文献数

1 16

---

In a previous paper, we examined the toxicity of the extracellular protease of <i>A. salmonicida</i>, Ar-4 (EFDL) on yamabe (<i>Oncorhynchus masou f. ishikawai</i>) and goldfish (<i>Carassius auratus</i>). From these results, we considered the protease secreted by this bacterium was a causative agent of furunculosis.<br> In this paper, we observed enzymatic properties of the purified protease. The results obtained were summarized as follows:<br> 1. The molecular weight of purified protease was estimated to be 71, 000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.<br> 2. The purified protease showed maximal activity at pH 9.4 and 50°C. It was stable over the pH range 5.0 to 10.0 and was completely inactivated by temperature at 56°C.<br> 3. The protease was presumably classified an alkaline serine protease and it showed chymotryptic properties since it was significantly inhibited by diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) and tosyl-phenylalanine-chloromethyl ketone (TPCK) and hydrolyzed <i>N</i>-benzoyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester (BTEE).

著者

吉水 守 木村 喬久

出版者

The Japanese Society of Fish Pathology

雑誌

魚病研究 (ISSN:0388788X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.243-261, 1985

被引用文献数

4

---

特異抗体感作 staphylococci を用いた coaggulutination test の細菌性およびウイルス性疾病迅速診断への応用について検討した。病魚の腎臓あついは患部の加熱抽出液を抗原とする coagglutination test によりサケ科魚類の細菌性腎臓病, セッソワ病, ビブリオ病およびコイ科魚類の"穴あき病"の迅速診断が, また病魚の内臓ホモゲナイズ濾液を抗原としてIPNの迅速診断が可能であった。さらに本法により自然凝集性 A. salmonicida の血清学的識別, V. anguillarum およびIPNの血清型別も可能であった。

著者

田島 研一 高橋 恒人 絵面 良男 木村 喬久

出版者

北海道大学水産学部 = FACULTY OF FISHERIES, HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY

雑誌

北海道大學水産學部研究彙報 (ISSN:00183458)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.111-123, 1983-06

著者

田島 研一 高橋 恒人 絵面 良男 木村 喬久

出版者

北海道大学水産学部 = FACULTY OF FISHERIES, HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY

雑誌

北海道大學水産學部研究彙報 (ISSN:00183458)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.104-110, 1983-06

著者

吉水 守 野村 哲一 粟倉 輝彦 木村 喬久

出版者

北海道さけ・ますふ化場

雑誌

北海道さけ・ますふ化場研究報告 (ISSN:04410769)

巻号頁・発行日

no.42, pp.p1-20, 1988-03

被引用文献数

2

---

From September 1976 to November 1986, we collected 5,068 ovarian fluid specimens from 5 species of 10,028 females and 21 seminal specimens from 2 species of 155 males of mature salmonid fish, including to masu (Oncorhynchus masu), chum (O. keta), pink (O. gorbuscha), kokanee salmon (O. nerka) and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) from 26 catching stations located in Hokkaido and 5 places in Honshu (the main island of Japan), 6 hatcheries in Hokkaido and 7 in Honshu and 10 fish farms and 1 lake in Hokkaido. Also, 161 mixed kidney and spleen specimens were taken from 805 of these fish. Furthermore, 139 tumor tissues observed among 4,288 fish were employed for virus inspection. Blood smears prepared from 660 fish were employed in microscopical examination for evidence of VEN, and thin sections of blood of these were observed by electron microscopy. Four viruses have been isolated during the course of this investigation. IHNV was found in ovarian fluid of chum salmon from Abashiri River in 1976. During the period from 1976 through 1986, IHNV has been recovered 9 times from fish at 7 collection sites. OMV was first discovered in 1978 from masu salmon at Otobe Salmon Hatchery. At all sites permitting collection of 60 specimens with the exception of 3 hatchery, OMV has subsequently been isolated from ovary fluid or from epithelial tumor tissue around the mouth of mature masu salmon. It has not been found in the other species of fish. Incidence of OMV has decreased since we suggested iodophore treatment at the eyed egg stage. CSV was isolated from the kidney of healthy chum salmon at Tokushibetsu Hatchery in 1978 but during the period from 1979 through 1986, CSV has not been found from mature fish. IPNV was isolated from tumor tissue of masu salmon at Aomori Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station in 1981, at this time IHNV and OMV were isolated from the same tumor tissue.1. IHNVは頻度こそ低いものの広い範囲で時折分離された。本ウィルス検出時には早期に有効な対策を講じる必要のあることが示唆された。2. OMVは1978年の発見以来調査が進むにつれサクラマスあるいはヤマベを中心に広範囲での分布が明らかとなり,サクラマスの増養殖を計るに際し無視し得ないウィルスであることが明らかとなった。3. CSVは従来オルファンウィルスとされてきたが,1986年にサクラマスの全滅被害が発生し,本ウィルスに対しても今後十分注意を払う必要があると考える。4. 道東のシロサケ,カラフトマス中心にVENウィルス感染が明らかとなり,冷後本ウィルスの分布およびサケ科魚類に及ぼす影響についても検討する必要があると考える。

著者

木村 喬久 吉水 守

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.9, pp.1173-1183, 1981

被引用文献数

1 8

---

The application of a coagglutination test using staphylococci specifically sensitized with antibody against the bacterium causing bacterial kidney disease to the diagnosis of this disease in salmonids was studied. This method proved to be a simple, rapid and reliable diagnostic test suitable for use in the laboratory or field, and requires no special apparatus. It was found to be highly specific and more sensitive than the immunodiffusion test. In a study of 758 fish from 24 farms suspected in outbreaks of bacterial kidney disease the rate of detection of the disease with the coagglutination test was as high or highter than the rates obtained by Gram staining or clinical examination.<br> The procedure of this method is summarized as follows:<br> 1) Kidney sample from diseased fish is homogenized with four to nine volumes of PBS, and heated in a boiling water bath for 30min.<br> 2) The supernatant is collected after centrifugation at 4000 rpm for 20min. This may be omitted if a centrifuge is unavailable.<br> 3) One drop of the supernatant and one drop of anti-BKD antibody sensitized staphylococci suspension are mixed on a glass slide and incubated at room temperature. The slide is examined after 30, 60 and 120min.<br> 4) If positive coagglutination is observed, the infected fish should be examined microscopically to confirm the diagnostic results.

著者

吉水 守 木村 喬久 坂井 稔

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.8, pp.863-873, 1976

被引用文献数

2 9

---

A total of 92 masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) which had developed silvering were divided into 4 groups. Three of these groups were transplanted from fresh water. The feeding conditions varied with the group. Viable counts were determined in the intestinal contents or slime of these salmon, in their ambient waters and in their diets. Over 1500 strains were isolated from the above samples. The composition of the microflora was determined according to the scheme of Shewan <i>et al</i>. (1960).<br> The results are summarized as follows:<br> 1) Microbial viable counts in the intestinal contents or slime of the fish which were transplanted under normal feeding conditions were nearly constant while those which were transplanted without being fed decreased rapidly. This decreasing tendency was found in both fresh and sea water reared non-feeding fish.<br> 2) The predominant genus in the intestinal microflora of the fresh water fish was <i>Aeromonas</i>, while in sea water fish it was <i>Vibrio</i>. Upon transplanting the fish from fresh water into sea water fish it was Vibrio. Upon transplanting the fish from fresh water into sea water, <i>Aeromonas</i> of the terrestrial type was gradually replaced by <i>Pseudomonas</i> as the proportion of sea water in the rearing water increased. This was followed by further replacement by <i>Vibrio</i> of the halophilic type which became predominant in the intestinal microflora.