9 0 0 0 OA 穆天子傳地名國族名諸説索引
3 0 0 0 西周官制の基本構造
- 著者
- 木村 秀海
- 出版者
- 公益財団法人史学会
- 雑誌
- 史學雜誌 (ISSN:00182478)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.94, no.1, pp.38-66, 127-126, 1985-01-20
The aim of this paper is to clarify the fundamental structure of Western Chou bureaucracy by using Western Chou Bronze Inscriptions. After demonstrating that in Bronze Inscriptions we must interpret 〓 (original from of Chung 〓) as Tseng-i 増益, and 〓 (another from of Ching 京) as Kao 高, Ta 大 and 〓 (original from of She 歙) as Tsung-she 総摂 and Cheng-chang 正長, I reinterpret the Bronze Inscriptions and come to the conclusions as follows : 1.In the Western Chou period, there existed three government offices : Ching-shih-liao 卿事寮, Kung-tsu-liao 公族寮 and Ta-shih-liao 大史寮, and every bureaucrat belonged to one of them. 2.Ching-shih-liao was the government office of Royal Domains which took charge of political and military affairs of Iiu-shih 六〓 in Tsung-chou 宗周 and those of Pa-shih 八〓 in Cheng-chou 成周. This office also assumed the character of royal government which could issue military commands toward feudal vassals. The chief of this office was Ta-shih 大師 and the subchief was Hsiao-fu 小輔. This office had five lower offices : Ssu-tu 〓土, Ssu-ma 〓馬, Ssu-kung 〓工, Shih-shih 師氏 and Tsou-ma 走馬. Every office consisted of one chief and two subchiefs. All of them were attached to either Pa-shih or Liu-shih, one chief and one subchief to Liu-shih, and one subchief to Pa-shih. 3.Kung-tsu-liao was the office which took charge of the royal home management. This office was deeply connected with Ching-shih-liao through conveying the King's and Queen's orders, and conveying requests appeals of officials ranked higher than Shih-tai-fu 事大夫 to the King. The chief of this office was Ta-tsai 大宰, and the two subchiefs were Hsiao-tsais 小宰 under whom came Shan-fu 善夫. The Shan-fu organization consisted of one chief and two subchiefs. 4.Ta-shih-liao was the office of secretariats where close attendants of the King made drafts and kept documents. The chief of this office was Nei-shih-yin 内史尹 (Ta-shih 大史). He had two subchiefs, Tso-nei-shih 左内史 and Yu-nei-shih .右内史 5.In the middle of the Western Chou period, the names of the officials were changed as below. The earlier period of Western Chou Ta-pao (大保) Hu-chen (虎臣) Hsiao-chen (小臣) Tso-tse (作冊) The later period of Western Chou Ta-shih (大師) Tsou-ma (走馬) Shan-fu (善夫) Nei-shih (内史) 6.The Western Chou bureaucracy adopted the fief rank system other than the official rank system. The four fief ranks known by now were Ching-shih 卿士, Shih-tai-fu 事大夫, Ya-shih 亜事 and Lu 旅.