著者

東 佳史

出版者

京都大学東南アジア地域研究研究所

雑誌

東南アジア研究 (ISSN:05638682)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.328-353, 2004-12-31 (Released:2017-10-31)

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In many respects, Cambodia's Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR) program is unique in terms of complexity as well as the difficulties involved in project implementation. This study attempts to articulate the extent to which structural background determines the fate of demobilized combatants. It examines the General Health Assessment (GHA) of 15,000 combatants carried out by the International Organization of Migration (IOM) in 2001–02, as well as the 1998 Cambodian Population Census. Other Cambodian epidemiological data, although very limited in terms of number of studies, are also used as a comparison to the GHA data. The DDR program is a most urgent political priority for Cambodian national development as well as the reform of national accounts. One legacy of more than twenty years of civil war is the bloated military sector that consumes a disproportionate share of a very limited budget. Thus, rapid demobilization is needed to control the budget, and the reintegration of combatants (through vocational training, etc.) is crucial to increase GDP. However, the empirical data show that most demobilized combatants are chronically ill, commonly suffering multiple illnesses. Disability, impairment, and psychiatric illnesses are also evident. Furthermore, lack of an appropriate medical referral system has directly resulted in the development of further vulnerability, especially among elderly combatants. Hence, urgent measures are necessary to coordinate the social safety net and, with donor support, regulate the referral system.

著者

東 佳史 アズマ ヨシフミ AZUMA Yoshifumi

出版者

茨城大学人文学部

雑誌

人文コミュニケーション学科論集 (ISSN:1881087X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.9, pp.1-12, 2010-09

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As Azuma (2008) found in the case of electoral assistance in Afghanistan, theinternational community failed to establish sustainable government by introducingtoo quickly western value-based democratic elections. This was due mainly to timeconstraints as well as the US Bush administration's intervention. This study examinesempirical cases of electoral assistance in LDCs, with a particularly focus on East Timor.To date many electoral studies have been undertaken that focus on voter behaviour aswell as party politics. However, using statistical data, such as the total vote, voting agepopulation, voters' registration and invalid votes, a comprehensive analysis of electoralassistance, which is a rarity, has been carried out. Electoral support by the UN, as partof its development assistance, is becoming both more topical as well as crucial andin the development studies field. Since the UN's Namibia mission in 1989 electoralassistance has expanded rapidly in terms of its budget and breadth of its mission. Thisstudy examines six cases of electoral assistance in East Timor, as case studies in PostConflict society. However, such efforts may be offset by an environment of pre-maturedemocratization, including a lack of economic development, effective governance andcivil society backed by a long history of democratic development. This study revealsthat electoral assistance only, without other comprehensive development assistance,will bring about a disastrous outcome, as has been the case in East Timor. It is atypical failed state resulting from the lack of ability of East Timorese themselves aswell as the absence of long term assistance from the international community.

著者

東 佳史

出版者

京都大学

雑誌

東南アジア研究 (ISSN:05638682)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.328-353, 2004-12

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In many respects, Cambodia's Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR) program is uniquein terms of complexity as well as the difficulties involved in project implementation. This study attempts toarticulate the extent to which structural background determines the fate of demobilized combatants. Itexamines the General Health Assessment (GHA) of 15,000 combatants carried out by the InternationalOrganization of Migration (IOM) in 2001–02, as well as the 1998 Cambodian Population Census. OtherCambodian epidemiological data, although very limited in terms of number of studies, are also used as acomparison to the GHA data.The DDR program is a most urgent political priority for Cambodian national development as well asthe reform of national accounts. One legacy of more than twenty years of civil war is the bloated militarysector that consumes a disproportionate share of a very limited budget. Thus, rapid demobilization isneeded to control the budget, and the reintegration of combatants (through vocational training, etc.) iscrucial to increase GDP. However, the empirical data show that most demobilized combatants are chronicallyill, commonly suffering multiple illnesses. Disability, impairment, and psychiatric illnesses are alsoevident. Furthermore, lack of an appropriate medical referral system has directly resulted in the developmentof further vulnerability, especially among elderly combatants. Hence, urgent measures are necessaryto coordinate the social safety net and, with donor support, regulate the referral system.

著者

東 佳史 アズマ ヨシフミ AZUMA Yoshifumi

出版者

茨城大学人文学部

雑誌

人文コミュニケーション学科論集 (ISSN:1881087X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.7, pp.181-193, 2009-09