著者

松山 恒明

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.2, pp.61-67, 1972 (Released:2011-10-21)

参考文献数

14

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Since the 1920's, there has been a slow fluctuating upward trend in primary sex ratio (ratio of males to females at birth) in Japan. The factors :concerned with the rise of sex ratio have been analyzed by using the vital statistics and other data for the period from 1947-1969. There is no evidence indicating that the age of the mother or the birth order are contributing factors causing an increase in the ratio. The recent decrease in still birth rate suggests a possible relation with the increase of the sex ratio at birth. Provided that the ratio of the number of still births to that of live births were the same in the periods of 1955-64 and of 1965-69, the extent to which the sex ratio at birth in 1955-64 would be modified was calculated. By this calculation, the modified sex ratio at birth in 1955-64 was 106.2, in contrast the actual value was 105.8. The correlation between the sex ratio at birth and some social indices by prefectures has been examined in the respective periods of 1960-64 and 1965-69. For both periods, signifi cant correlation coefficients were obtained between the sex ratio at birth and the rate of hospitalization at delivery. Only in 1960-64, social indices as the percentage of employed persons in primary indust ries to total employees, the "MYNRYOKU" index (synthetic index of socioeconomic indices) and the percentage of women workers to total employees were significantly correlated with the sex ratio at birth by prefectures.

著者

松山 恒明 飯野 正光 竹本 泰一郎 鈴木 継美

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.62-68, 1979 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

12

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The record of family registration of 776 couples who were legally registered(HONSEKI) in Sendai city were analyzed. The couples whose grooms were born in 1926 and later who had got married between 1945 to 1974 in first marriage and who had at least two children were randomly selected from a regional frame in Sendai city. The period between the date of registration of wedding and that of notification of birth of first child is determined by the duration of de facto but not de jure marriage (NAIEN). In Japan the period of temporary informal marriage tended to be prolonged in many couples, keeping under the juridical and customary restraint, before the new civil law enacted 1948. The period between the date of registration of wedding and that of notification of birth of first child is determined by the duration of de facto but not de jure marriage (NAIEN). In Japan the period of temporary informal marriage tended to be prolonged in many couples, keeping under the juridical and customary restraint, before the new civil law enacted 1948. Though the majority of our samples had got married after the establishment of the law, some of them might do all that were required by the conventionalities. Under these social circumstances, our results of survey are as follows: 1) The intervals between date of registration of wedding and occurence of birth of first child of two age groups were compared with cumulative percentage of duration. The interval from registration of marriage to birth of the first child was shorter for the couples whose grooms were under age 25 at the time of wedding than those whosegrooms were age 25 and over throughout the observation periods. 2) When the couples were classified by the periods, 1945-54, 1955-64, 1965-74 of their date of registration of wedding, the said intervals had been prolonged through the descent periods successively. 3) In the form of notification of birth, it is requested to fill up the date of start of cohabitation. With the view of comparing the length of informal marriage, 352 notifications of first birth in 1974 were examined. Parents of these children were dwellers in Sendai city, and their fathers were born in 1926 and later. It was shown that the intervals from the beginning of cohabitation to birth in these 352 couples were longer than the intervals derived from the couples of legal registration(HONSEKI)

著者

松山 恒明 小金沢 孝昭 鎌田 慶朗 渡辺 孝男 田中 武雄 中屋 紀子 本田 強

出版者

宮城教育大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

1995

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本研究では、総合講義「学校給食」の実践を行なう中で、研究会や現地見学を行いながら、教員養成課程で行なうべき「学校給食」関連の講義内容を検討してきた。調査・検討の結果、まず第一に学生の反応であるが、学校給食や食に関する内容について関心が高く2年間とも各300人の学生が受講した。学生たちは、学校現場で行われている学校給食に関心が高く、またこれらを客観的に捉えることのできるこの講義に興味を示した。学校給食への理解については、講義開始時のアンケートで子供たちと食べる昼食程度にしか学校給食を捉えていなかった学生も、講義終了時には学校給食が食や環境、健康を理解する上で重要な教育機会であることに気づくようになった。この点については各年度に行なった学生アンケートに詳しく報告されている。第二に講義内容であるが、2年間の講義実践と学生の反応によって教員養成課程の「学校給食」の講義内容は概ね4つの領域で講義すると、「学校給食」の持っている教育機会を説明することが可能であることが明らかになった。1つは学校給食の現状とその安全性についててある。ここでは学校給食がどのような目的のために、どのように運営されているのかを実践報告を交えながら講義した。2つは、こどもたちの食生活がどのような状況にあるのかを明らかにすることである。日々の食生活でどのような点に問題点があるのか、学校給食で補える課題を整理した。3つは学校給食で食べている食がどのように生産されているのか、食についての基礎知識の習得である。とくに食と環境とのつながりにも留意した。4つは食と健康とのつながりについての基礎知識の習得である。食事が健康にどのように関連しているのかを具体例をあげて講義した。これらの研究成果は、昨年度の中間報告書と今年度の最終報告書に整理してあるが、この研究を通じて、学枚での食・栄養教育の重要性ならびに教員養成課程での学校給食に対応した講義の必要性が確認された。また、今後は各教科と学校給食とを連携させた栄養教育の研究が課題となった。