著者

池本 敦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本油化学会

雑誌

オレオサイエンス (ISSN:13458949)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.3, pp.107-112, 2018 (Released:2019-09-02)

参考文献数

12

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アケビ種子油はかつて秋田で作られていた伝統的食用油であり,主成分が1,2-ジアシルグリセロ-3-アセテート(DAGA)であるという特徴を有する。通常の植物油の主成分であるトリアシルグリセロール(TG)と比較して,DAGAはリパーゼによる加水分解効率が低い。このため,消化・吸収されにくい性質を有し,体脂肪がつきにくく太りにくいという優れた特性がある。アケビ種子油の実用化には,原料の確保のためにアケビ栽培を拡大させる必要がある。また,種子のみでなく実や果皮を利用し,アケビを丸ごと活用することが必要であり,現在これらの課題に産学官連携で取り組んでいる。

著者

藤本 恵子 池本 敦 FUJIMOTO Keiko IKEMOTO Atsushi

出版者

秋田大学教育文化学部

雑誌

秋田大学教育文化学部研究紀要 自然科学 (ISSN:24334960)

巻号頁・発行日

no.75, pp.1-11, 2020-03-01

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The edible wild plants were anciently important food materials as sources of nutrients such as vitamins but their utilization has been decreasing in the present day. To elucidate the utilization of edible wild plants in Akita prefecture of Japan, we performed questionary survey targeting at the inhabitants of the wide age age group. Elatostema umbellatum (“Mizu”), Osmunda japonica (Asian royal fern, "Zenmai") and Oenanthe javanica, (Java waterdropwort. “Seri”) were eaten well most. Laportea cuspidate (“Aiko”), Parasenecio hastatus (“Honna”) and Parasenecio delphiniifolius (“Shidoke”) were utilized well in Tohoku region and their rate of experiences of eating exceeded 70%. It is observed that Chenopodium album (white goosefoot, “Shiroza”) grows on the roadside in Japan, but 82.4% of the inhabitants did not know that they were edible. We also performed questionary survey in Bangladesh, where Chenopodium album is cultivated and eaten well. In our investigation, all Bangladeshi had the experiences of eating and it was used as a materials of the traditional cuisine such as sauteed vegetables, bhorta and curry. The values of Chenopodium album as foods in emergency and its availabilities as the teaching materials for safeguard against disaster were also discussed.

著者

池本 敦 IKEMOTO Atsushi

出版者

秋田大学教育文化学部

雑誌

秋田大学教育文化学部研究紀要 人文科学・社会科学自然科学 (ISSN:13485296)

巻号頁・発行日

no.69, pp.121-129, 2014-03-31

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Omega 3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids such as α-linolenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) show many beneficial effects for human health. However, omega 6 (n-6) fatty acids such as linoleic acid and arachidonic acid have the physiological effects opposite to omega 3 fatty acids. Therefore the essential fatty acid balance (n-6/n-3 ratio) is an important factor to evaluate the nutritional effect of dietary fats and oils. In this study, we collected health foods and dietary supplements containing omega 3 fatty acid and analyzed fatty acid composition and essential fatty acid n-6/n-3 balance. Approximately 200 kinds of products were available at the local market and we classified these products in four types (capsule type, drink type, edible oil type, and natural food type). The omega 3 fatty acid contents were high and omega 6 contents were low in the capsule type (DHA/EPA type). On the other hand, the omega 6 contents were high and omega 3 contents were low in the capsule type (other ingredients mixture/other fatty acids mixture type). The drink type showed effective fatty acid balances, but the absolute contents of omega 3 were low. The products except the perilla oil in the edible oil type had higher amount of omega 6 fatty acids. The levels of DHA and EPA were relatively low and the levels of omega 6 fatty acids such as linoleic acid were high in the natural food type (DHA/EPA type). In contrast, contents of linoleic acid were relatively low and contents of α-linolenic acid were high in the food type (α-linolenic acid type). The n-6/n-3 ratio of the Japanese average meal was 4.942. Essential fatty acid balance was improved most effectively using the products in the capsule type (DHA/EPA type).

著者

池本 敦

出版者

名古屋市立大学

巻号頁・発行日

2000

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博士論文

著者

池本 敦

出版者

秋田大学

雑誌

若手研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2004

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必須脂肪酸にはリノール酸やアラキドン酸に代表されるn-6系列及びα-リノレン酸やEPA・DHAなどのn-3系列の2つが存在する。アラキドン酸からは様々な生理活性を持つホルモン様物質が産生されるが、その一つである2-アラキドノイルグリセロール(2-AG)は、脳内でカンナビノイド受容体(CB1)を活性化する内在性リガンドであることが報告され、CB1を刺激すると食欲が亢進することが報告されていた。この過程に及ぼす食事必須脂肪酸バランスの影響を調べたところ、n-6/n-3比が高いと脳内2-AG含量が増加し、ラットの摂食行動が促進されることが分かった。2-AGの作用に対して拮抗抑制的に作用するCB1アンタゴニストであるSR141716Aを投与すると、摂食行動の亢進は抑制された。また、脂肪細胞の分化に及ぼす多価不飽和脂肪酸に影響を見たところ、飽和・一価不飽和脂肪酸及びn-6系列多価不飽和脂肪酸は分化を促進した。一方で、n-3系列多価不飽和脂肪酸のDHAは脂肪細胞の分化を顕著に抑制することが示された。マウスを用いた動物実験でも、飽和・一価不飽和脂肪酸やn-6系列多価不飽和脂肪酸を多く含有した動物性脂肪や植物油を摂取した場合と比較して、n-3系列多価不飽和脂肪酸であるDHAを豊富に含有する魚油を与えた場合には、脂肪組織の重量が低い値を示した。以上のように、n-3系列脂肪酸を多く摂取し、食事必須脂肪酸のn-6/n-3比を低下させると、食欲を抑制するのと同時に脂肪細胞の分化や脂肪蓄積を抑制することで、肥満症の予防に有効であることが分かった。このことは人を対象とした食事調査でも確認され、飽和・一価不飽和脂肪酸やn-6系列多価不飽和脂肪酸を多く含有した動物性脂肪・植物油や肉類を多く摂取する食習慣を持つ人は、魚介類を多く摂取する人と比較して肥満度が高い傾向が観察された。

著者

池本 敦

出版者

日本脂質栄養学会

雑誌

脂質栄養学 (ISSN:13434594)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.17-25, 2012 (Released:2012-04-29)

参考文献数

26

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Rats fed n-3 fatty acid deficient diet through two generations exhibit decreased correct response ratios in a brightness-discrimination learning test. This is associated with a decreased docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to arachidonic acid (AA) ratio in brain lipids. The altered learning behavior associated with a long-term n-3 deficiency was reversed by supplementing DHA after weaning only when the levels of competing n-6 fatty acids in the diet and brain lipids are limited. Endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) levels were significantly elevated in the brain of n-3 deficient rats. We evaluated the effect of cannabinoid receptor CB1 antagonist SR141716A (SR) on the learning behavior. SR did not ameliorate the decreased learning performance in the n-3 deficient rats. However, the increased locomotor activity by n-3 deficiency was suppressed by SR. Therefore, the altered behavior is associated with, at least in part, the endocannabinoid signaling. We also found the decreased nerve growth factor (NGF) content and the increased level of the activated form of calmodulin kinase II in the hippocampus of n-3 deficient rats. DHA has an essential role in biomembrane structure and functions, which affect the cellular signaling related to learning behavior.