著者

石原 由紀夫 守田 了

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.3, pp.270-286, 2005 (Released:2009-10-16)

参考文献数

29

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During reading spaced text such as English, each word is not refixated very often when eyes initially land on slightly right side of the middle part of the word. However, in identifying an isolated word, the word will be identified more quickly when eyes initially land on slightly left side of the middle part of it. These two initial eye landing positions are called optimal viewing position or OVP, and these two phenomena are called optimal viewing position effect or OVP effect. This paper aims to simulate eye movements using a computer to realize these two OVP effects. Previous studies indicated that the reason for OVP in identifying an isolated word was that letters could be identified more correctly in the right visual field than the left. In our study, in order to get the higher probability of letter identification in the right visual field than the left one, we considered the asymmetry of the number of pixels sampled in the left and right visual field. And we used the gap between subjective and objective viewpoints to quantify the asymmetry. Here, a subjective viewpoint is defined as the point that people look at on an object. Meanwhile an objective viewpoint is defined as the point of the object, on which the straight line passing through the center of pupil and fovea falls. In our experiments, eye movements in identifying an isolated English word and reading English text were simulated using a computer while shifting the objective viewpoint around the subjective viewpoint. As a result, OVP appeared on the left half of a word and on the right half when identifying an isolated English word and reading English text, respectively. These happened only when the objective viewpoint was shifted to the right from the subjective viewpoint by the width of 1 letter.

著者

守田 了 石原 由紀夫

出版者

一般社団法人電子情報通信学会

雑誌

電子情報通信学会論文誌. D-II, 情報・システム, II-パターン処理 (ISSN:09151923)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.8, pp.1645-1654, 2001-08-01

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ヒトの視覚は画素密度分布が中心窩に相当する近傍で高く,周辺にいくに従って,低くなっている.また周囲の状況を把握するためにオプテイカルフローが重要な役割をもっていることが報告されている.本論文では,中心窩視覚とオプティ力ルフローによる短期記憶とタスクの並列実行に基づく視点移動を提案する.車両が混雑していない状況下での運転時の視点移動を実現するためには,道路に沿った次のエッジへ移動する狭い範囲での視点移動と周囲の状況を把握する広い範囲の視点移動が必要である.このようにタスクに応じて注視の範囲を変更するために,タスクに応じた短期記憶を導入する.オプティ力ルフローから得られるlow-levelの特徴を用いて生成される短期記憶イメージを用いることによって,広い範囲の視野が得られることを明らかにする.実際に車両が混雑していない状況下での車両運転時の視点移動を簡易にシミュレートし,本モデルの有効性を示す.