著者

董 伊莎

出版者

関西大学大学院東アジア文化研究科

雑誌

文化交渉 東アジア文化研究科院生論集 (ISSN:21874395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.67-84, 2016-11-30

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東アジアの思想と構造The first Goryō-e ceremony (a ceremony held to appease evil gods and the spirits of the dead) was held during the Heian period in 863. Subsequent Goryō-e ceremonies underwent significant changes, eventually resulting in the spirit that was the focus of ritual appeasement in the original Goryō-e being replaced by a new spirit known as Ekijin. There has been much previous research looking at the origins of this change. This work looks at a possible link between the Chinese deity known as Karakami, mentioned in the Shunki, and the Japanese deity Ekijin. From this link it can be seen that Ekijin was originally a foreign deity. Also, after an examination of records from the Nara to Heian periods, it can be seen that the concept of plagues introduced during the Tenpyō period from foreign sources deeply influenced Japanese beliefs surrounding plague and the Goryō-e ceremony. The new beliefs imported from China share a common concept with that of the original Goryō-e ceremony, namely the idea of rei. This provided a basis for the acceptance of the new foreign beliefs, which eventually resulted in Ekijin becoming the main subject of appeasement. In conclusion, foreign ideas about plague influenced not only ideas about Ekijin, but were also assimilated into the Goryō-e belief system.

著者

董 伊莎

出版者

関西大学大学院東アジア文化研究科

雑誌

東アジア文化交渉研究 = Journal of East Asian cultural interaction studies (ISSN:18827748)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.749-762, 2017-03-31

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This work looks at a relation of ancient Japan's and China's ideas of ritual centering on rei. The etiquette that was inseparable from law should have been transmitted with Chinese legal codes, but the expression wasn't always limited to the legal codes text. Especially in the case of the ideas of ritual, It was considered that fixed change occurred due to the difference in the consept of ghost and god between the two countries. And after examinating of records about rei, it was found that there were rei of the spirit who brought an epidemic and rei of the ghost who had no heir in the ancient China. New development of beliefs to rei in the late of Han Dynasty and the Six Dynasty was a result that these two kinds of rei were connected under the condition of the deaths in hatred. That's the customs which worship the vindictive spirit who was a concrete person to a god. These customs can be considered to have an impact on Japan. In addition, This work also looked at the first Goryō ceremony and subsequent Goryō ceremony and pointed out that the origins of both were different, and speculated that the former possibly imitated Chinese ritual of rei for political purposes.

著者

董 伊莎

出版者

関西大学

巻号頁・発行日

2020-03-31

著者

董 伊莎

出版者

関西大学大学院東アジア文化研究科

雑誌

文化交渉 : 東アジア文化研究科院生論集 : journal of the Graduate School of East Asian Cultures (ISSN:21874395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.67-84, 2016-11-30

---

The first Goryō-e ceremony (a ceremony held to appease evil gods and the spirits of the dead) was held during the Heian period in 863. Subsequent Goryō-e ceremonies underwent significant changes, eventually resulting in the spirit that was the focus of ritual appeasement in the original Goryō-e being replaced by a new spirit known as Ekijin. There has been much previous research looking at the origins of this change. This work looks at a possible link between the Chinese deity known as Karakami, mentioned in the Shunki, and the Japanese deity Ekijin. From this link it can be seen that Ekijin was originally a foreign deity. Also, after an examination of records from the Nara to Heian periods, it can be seen that the concept of plagues introduced during the Tenpyō period from foreign sources deeply influenced Japanese beliefs surrounding plague and the Goryō-e ceremony. The new beliefs imported from China share a common concept with that of the original Goryō-e ceremony, namely the idea of rei. This provided a basis for the acceptance of the new foreign beliefs, which eventually resulted in Ekijin becoming the main subject of appeasement. In conclusion, foreign ideas about plague influenced not only ideas about Ekijin, but were also assimilated into the Goryō-e belief system.

著者

董 伊莎

出版者

関西大学大学院東アジア文化研究科

雑誌

文化交渉 : Journal of the Graduate School of East Asian Cultures : 東アジア文化研究科院生論集 (ISSN:21874395)

巻号頁・発行日

no.7, pp.167-184, 2017-11-30

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This paper discusses the historical development of the Rei ritual by examining the records dealing with rites. Next, utilizing the theories of religious studies and sociology, the existence of Rei, which was not included in the ancestral worship system nor in the traditional Confucian set of values, shall be analyzed structurally. As a result of this analysis it is shown that Rei rituals were regarded as vulgar folk religion. This view may have resulted in the lack of written records in official histories and manuals of rites. This paper also discusses the interaction between the state and the popular level of religious life. It is shown that Rei rituals were very popular among the common people and sometimes acted as models of governance in local societies. Furthermore Rei rituals included ideas about the salvation of the dead that shares commonalities with other organized religious beliefs. Because this it can be seen that both upper and lower levels of society held similar ideas regarding death.