著者

豊川 斎赫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.763, pp.1993-2003, 2019 (Released:2019-09-30)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

2

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This research clarified the following three points on the venue design process for EXPO’70 and five types of Tange’s collaborative design projects. 1. The author ordered the design process of the symbol zone chronologically based on the minutes of official meetings and the construction process chart for EXPO’70. 2. The author visualized the design process of the symbol zone based on the drawings and model photos of the venue plan for EXPO’70. 3. The author classified the collaborative design projects in which Tange participated into five types, and considered the relationship between the design process for the symbol zone and these five types of projects. The author clarified the following three points about the collaborative design for EXPO’70: 3-1. Tange and Uzo Nishiyama were both famous professor-architects, and it was very difficult to put together their different ideas. 3-2. Tange managed the design office for main facilities of EXPO ‘70 as producer. Using his experiences at the laboratory, Tange encouraged the staff members to freely exchange their views. 3-3. Tange and Taro Okamoto previously worked together for the design for the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Office in 1958. Okamoto’s elevated ideals to integrate art and architecture later realized in their proposal for the “Taiyo no tou (Tower of the Sun)” at the Omatsuri Hiroba (Festival Plaza) in 1970.

著者

豊川 斎赫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本コンクリート工学会

雑誌

コンクリート工学 (ISSN:03871061)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.79-84, 2014 (Released:2016-01-01)

参考文献数

16

著者

豊川 斎赫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.66, pp.1039-1044, 2021-06-20 (Released:2021-06-20)

参考文献数

14

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The purpose of this report is to survey Kenzo Tange’s correspondence with participants in the eighth conference of the International Congresses of Modern Architecture (CIAM VIII). These materials are stored at the archive of Ms. Michiko Uchida. Tange’s correspondence with Walter Gropius, Josep Luís Sert, and Takamasa Yoshizaka in particular highlights the preparations he made before traveling abroad. The analysis of the letters Tange sent to his wife revealed what he thought about reconstruction in Europe, modernist architecture, and what urban design should be like in Japan.

著者

豊川 斎赫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.783, pp.1569-1580, 2021-05-30 (Released:2021-05-30)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

3

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The purpose of this study was to reveal how difficult it was to realize large structures of reinforced concrete hyperbolic paraboloidal (H.P.) Shells in the earthquake-prone Japan of the 1950s. The analysis examined the design and construction of the Sunpu Kaikan, focusing on the roles of Kenzo Tange, Yoshikatsu Tsuboi, and the staff of their architectural laboratories. This study brings out the following four points.First, the designs of the Hiroshima Children’s Library and Ehime Prefectural Culture Center in the early 1950s helped Kenzo Tange and Tsuboi gain six insights. These were: curves that can be expressed by simple mathematical formulas, methods to prevent shell deformation, the relationship between shell and supports, the cost for construction, construction information, and acoustics arrangement. Tange and Tsuboi made significant use of these insights while constructing the H.P. shell for the Sunpu Kaikan.Second, while Tange and Tsuboi took keen interest in the shells created by overseas architects such as Saarinen, Stubbins, and Nervi, we found that they were trying to create shells that would match and surpass them. While Tsuboi has worked with general contractors to compile the “standard specifications for the construction of shell structures,” Aoki published a journal article outlining the shortcomings of the Sunpu Kaikan construction, similarly to Nervi. This attitude contributed greatly toward the subsequent development of large-scale architecture.Third, while designing the Niigata City Gymnasium, Miyagawa accurately understood the issues with the reinforced concrete H.P. shell of the Shizuoka Convention Hall and thus, proposed a steel framed H.P. shell. We also found that Tsuboi highly admired the fact that the shell of the Niigata City Gymnasium was not damaged by the 1964 Niigata Earthquake.Fourth, through the completion of the Shizuoka Convention Hall, Tange and Tsuboi were able to visualize the difficulties in construction, the construction costs, and the labor involved in the constructions of the huge H.P. shell. Their teams were aware of the limitations and the problems of reinforced concrete, and thus, decided to take on the challenge of designing a suspended roof structure for the Yoyogi National Gymnasium.Tsuboi focused on creating a balance between a large span and cost, exploring new possibilities for the designing of spatial structures by drawing ideas from bridge-building techniques.

著者

金谷 祐輝 豊川 斎赫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.793, pp.566-577, 2022

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<p> In this study, we examined the state of highway bus terminal development in Akita, Yamagata, Niigata, and Toyama prefectures, together with issues and findings involving the development of bus terminals and urban areas in regional cities. Redevelopment projects are shown to be major opportunities to construct new bus terminals. In any such effort, it is important to incorporate the necessary functions and roles into the facilities, but if development of facilities that are not commensurate with city size can subsequently lead to an increased financial burden.</p>

著者

豊川 斎赫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.72, pp.1098-1103, 2023-06-20 (Released:2023-06-20)

参考文献数

16

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The influence of American magazines is one of the factors behind the global rise of Japanese architecture’s reputation after World War II. In this report, we examine various letters exchanged between American magazine editors and architect Kenzo Tange, from the 1950s through to the early 1960s. This analysis examines the process by which Tange’s works were published in magazines, along with how his interactions with American magazine editors affected his overseas activities and broader international reputation. Time, Architectural Forum, and Architectural Record are the magazines covered in this report.

著者

豊川 斎赫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.806, pp.1438-1448, 2023-04-01 (Released:2023-04-01)

参考文献数

26

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I compared the construction plan of Butokuden (i.e., an arena for Judo and Kendo) in Tokyo before World War II with the post-war Nippon Budokan competition. In designing the two gymnasiums, a great debate arose as to whether to use a bold non-pillar space with a steel structure, or a Japanese-style roof expression. Ultimately, the Japanese-style roof design was deemed easier to understand for Japanese people. I analyzed why Sutemi Horiguchi had a critical attitude toward this roof expression, as well as how Mamoru Yamada used this same roof expression to win the first prize in the Nippon Budokan competition.

著者

豊川 斎赫 長谷見雄二

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集

巻号頁・発行日

no.66, pp.1033-1038, 2021-06

著者

豊川 斎赫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.782, pp.1272-1283, 2021

被引用文献数

1

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<p>I reanalyzed the photographs and captions in a 1960 photo collection titled "Katsura" in light of the spatial theory that Kenzo Tange set forth in his correspondence with Herbert Bayer. I also identified seven points of contention in the correspondence between Walter Gropius and Tsutomu Ikuta, and analyzed Tange's theory for the Katsura Imperial Villa in view of its contemporaneity and anachronisms. This research yielded five new findings.</p><p>First, during a visit to Japan, which formed part of a cultural exchange program organized by the Rockefeller Foundation, Gropius emphasized the commonality between traditional Japanese architecture and modernist architecture. The purpose of the program was to encourage Japan to align with the US against the Soviet bloc. Accordingly, Gropius was sent to Japan because of his dislike of Soviet realism. The program succeeded in enlightening Japanese intellectuals through modernist architecture.</p><p>Second, Walter Gropius criticized divine architecture, noting that the ancient city of Rome had been dedicated to the emperor. He argued that modernist architecture should embrace democratic values and adopt a human scale. On the other hand, Gropius also argued, as Japanese fascists had done before the end of the war, that architecture should form a cultural unity. Gropius believed that Japanese architecture, as exemplified in the Katsura Imperial Villa, embodied a human scale.</p><p>Third, Tsutomu Ikuta fiercely debated with Gropius over traditional Japanese architecture. I identified seven points of contention in their correspondence. Tange's theory for the Katsura Imperial Villa did not deviate significantly from the ideas of either Ikuta or Gropius. Tange, while seeking to differentiate his ideas from those of Ikuta and Gropius, picked out their good points and blended them into his own theory. For example, Tange emulated Gropius in downplaying the influence of Chinese architecture on Japanese architecture and in underscoring the role of Zen. However, whereas Gropius focused on the simplicity of Zen, Tange emphasized how Zen monks had introduced the other gardens associated with Zen.</p><p>The fourth finding concerns my re-analysis of the captions for the "Katsura" photo collection, in which Tange described his spatial theory found in his letters to Bayer. Postulating a Jomon–Yayoi dialect, Tange used the concepts of "pattern," "space," and "space-time." Most notably, Tange found creative freedom in the Katsura Imperial Villa by focusing on the tension arising from conflict between the reception room "space" and stepping stone "space." Additionally, I clarified that Tange criticized the overall design of the villa ("space-time"), including its mukuri (convex) roof, claiming that it is no more than scenery.</p>

著者

豊川斎赫著

出版者

岩波書店

巻号頁・発行日

2016

著者

豊川 斎赫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本コンクリート工学会

雑誌

コンクリート工学 (ISSN:03871061)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.79-84, 2014