著者

小寺 礼香 清河 幸子 足利 純 植田 一博

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.1, pp.114-126, 2011 (Released:2011-09-07)

参考文献数

24

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A previous study showed that observing others' trials had a positive effect on performance in insight problem solving, whereas observing one's own past trials had a negative effect. We can assume that these effects are caused by the following two factors: one is that the amount and variety of information may increase by observing others' trials, which in turn enhances the possibility of adopting a new perspective or gaining an insight. The second factor is that, regardless of the type of information that a person gains through observation, the fact that this information is obtained from himself⁄herself may disrupt constraint relaxation and consequently, insight problem solving. In this study, we tested whether or not a person's attribution of the observed actions to self disrupts his⁄her performance on the task. For this purpose, we compared the participants' performances across the following four conditions: (1) the solo condition, in which participants were asked to solve a T-puzzle alone; (2) the self-observation condition, in which each participant was asked to alternate between solving the puzzle and observing each of his⁄her own past trials for 30 seconds; (3) the fake other-observation condition, in which each participant was asked to follow the same procedure as in the self-observation condition, but was instructed that the trials he⁄she observed were those undertaken by another person; and (4) the other-observation condition, in which each participant was asked to alternate between solving the puzzle and observing each of another person's past trials for 30 seconds. The results revealed that the participants' performances in the self-observation condition were inferior to those in the other three conditions. The results indicate that observation may disrupt insight problem solving if one attributes the observed actions to oneself, but not if one attributes them to another person.

著者

和嶋 雄一郎 足利 純 鷲田 祐一 植田 一博

出版者

人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会全国大会論文集 (ISSN:13479881)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, 2014

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近年最も身近な人工物となったインターネットを利用してアイデア生成のための情報収集を行った場合,どのような情報収集傾向が見られるのか,またその情報収集傾向が生成されるアイデアの質にどのような影響を与えるのかを検討した.インターネットを利用して情報を収集させた後,アイデア生成を行わせたところ,多くの実験参加者が技術的な情報を収集する傾向があり,独自性の低いアイデアが生成されることが明らかになった.