著者

鈴木 卓夫

出版者

The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.1, pp.43-47, 2004-01-01 (Released:2009-05-29)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

2 2

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Nanban-tetsu is a steel which was imported into Japan by Portuguese or Spanish merchant ships in the end of Muromachi period (1392-1573). The steel was produced in India and called "Wootz steel". Nanban-tetsu steel was shaped in some forms of a gourd called "Hyotan", a oval called "Koban", a square timber called "Saijo", a semi-cylinder called "Tajo" and others. In 1613, one of the Japanese sword smith, Echizen Yasutsugu 1, first produced a sword using Nanban-tetsu steel. Since then, many sword smiths who lived in Echizen area (Fukui Prefecture) had used Nanban-tetsu steel as a material of Japanese swords. The steels produced using the "Nittoho-Tatara" furnace in Shimane prefecture has been examined by forge-welding as a function of phosphor content in the steels. It is concluded that "Hyotan" shaped Nanban-tetsu steel is not good for forging, "Saijo" shaped Nanban-tetsu steel is good for forging, "Koban"-shaped one is difficult to forgeweld and "Tajo"-shaped one is intermediate.

著者

鈴木 卓夫

出版者

東京工業大学

巻号頁・発行日

2001

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identifier:oai:t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp:50348557

著者

永田 和宏 鈴木 卓夫

出版者

The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.1, pp.64-71, 2000-01-01 (Released:2009-06-19)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

7 6

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"Tatara" was a traditional box-type furnace in Japan and had produced steel and pig iron directly until 1923. After then, because of the low productivity, Tatara was not commercially operated but only for producing the materials of Japanese sword in little. In 1977 with the blank ages after the World War II, Japan Institute of Art Japanese Sword reconstructed the Tatara furnace, called "Nittoho Tatara". Then, Mr. Yoshizo Abe as a leader "Murage" realized his own technique for the Tatara operation because of the technique transfer only by oral instruction to the Murage's family. The 3rd Tatara operation in 1999 winter has been studied on the effect of fire flame (so called "Hose") and sound from furnace, the color and viscosity of slag (so called "Noro") flowed out from furnace and the condition of tuyers to the productivity of "Kera" including steel (so called "Tamahagane") and pig iron (so called "Zuku"), etc. This operation met the trouble of air blowing to the furnace in the final stage. Though many efforts had been made to recover the stable operation, the activity of furnace was stopped in shorter operation time than the other two operations. From the experiences of the recover, the fundamental treatments to make the operation stable have been cleared and also the reaction mechanisms to produce.

著者

鈴木 卓夫

出版者

The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.1, pp.97-102, 2005-01-01 (Released:2010-01-19)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1 1

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"Tatara" is a traditional box-type furnace in Japan and had produced iron from iron sand and charcol. In this Tatara there were two techniques which were called Zuku-Oshi and Kera-Oshi. Zuku means pig-iron and Kera means steel. The Tatara started in the latter half of six century and is continuing up to today. I am interested in when did the two techniques establish. So I tried to investigate the question with data of iron (pig-iron) image of Buddha making age and old document which is called "Kokon-Kajibiko". It is concluded that Zuku-Oshi has established regularly in Kamakura period (1192-1333). In Kera-Oshi case is the latter half of Muromachi period (1392-1573).

著者

鈴木卓夫 杉浦良幸著

出版者

里文出版

巻号頁・発行日

2006

著者

永田 和宏 羽二生 篤 鈴木 卓夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.10, pp.665-672, 2001 (Released:2009-06-19)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2

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The Tatara is the traditional iron-and steelmaking process in Japan. The box type furnace is about 1 m width, 3 m length and 1.2 m height. The process produces steel bloom and pig iron from iron sand and charcoal. The furnace is built on the charcoal bed in a big underground construction which is separated into upper and lower parts by a thick clay layer, "Kobune Kawara". The lower part is a drainage. The upper part has a charcoal bed, "Hondoko", with twin caves, "Kobune", on the both sides. The "Kobune" keeps its temperature lower than 41°C and humidity higher than 89%, that is, 4.8×10-2kg·m-3 in terms of water vapor concentration, during "Tatara" operations. The heat flow and temperature distribution around the furnace during operation was numerically simulated. The water vapor in "Hondoko", hearth and "Doi" flows to "Kobune" according to heat flow and disperses to the surroundings. Further the historical development of underground construction is discussed.

著者

鈴木 卓夫 永田 和宏

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 : 日本鐡鋼協會々誌 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.12, pp.905-910, 1999-12

被引用文献数

2

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In 1977, Japan Institute of Art Japanese Sword was reconstructed Tatara furnace for direct steelmaking from iron sand and charcoal, so called Kera-oshi method. This Tatara furnace called Nittouho Tatara was constructed on the base of Yasukuni Tatara furnace which had been operated until the end of the World War II in Yokota city in Shimane prefecture. For this reconstruction of the furnace and the direct steelmaking operation, the great effort of Mr. Yoshizo Abe as a leader Murage had been paid and his techniques should be made clear. Until the age of Yasukuni Tatara, Kera-oshi method was consisted of 4 stages ; Komori, Komoritsugi, Nobori and Kudari. In the 2nd stage of Komoritsugi, Komori iron sand had been used to charge because of easy reduction and production of pig iron. In 1977, Mr. Abe had met difficulty to collect Komori iron sand. Then, he developed the new technique of Tatara operation using only Masa iron sand for the last two stages in spite of Komori iron sand. He controlled the wet of iron sand and made the residual time of iron sand longer in furnace. The reduced iron particles have enough time to absorb carbon for producing pig iron.