著者

Shinji Okayasu Kiyoyuki Kitaichi Akina Hori Tetsuya Suwa Yukio Horikawa Mayumi Yamamoto Jun Takeda Yoshinori Itoh

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.6, pp.933-937, 2012-06-01 (Released:2012-06-01)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

6 33

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Metformin is a drug to improve glycemic control by reducing insulin resistance and is currently considered to be one of the first-choice drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, during metformin use, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) including gastrointestinal adverse events were frequently observed. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the incidence of ADRs induced by metformin and further analyzed risk factors for ADRs in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who initially administered metformin (500–750 mg). One hundred and one hospitalized patients receiving metformin during September 1, 2009 and August 31, 2010 were studied. The incidence of ADRs and changes in laboratory data including hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were monitored retrospectively. The anti-glycemic effect of metformin was successfully observed as indicated by decreased HbA1c. Among ADRs, diarrhea was most frequently occurred during metformin use (26.7% of patients) although the symptom of diarrhea was mild in most cases and disappeared within 3 d after the initial use. A logistic regression analysis showed the existence of six risk factors, including initial dose (750 mg), female, age (≦65), body mass index (≧25), aspartate aminotransferase (≧30 IU/L) and alkaline phosphatase (≧270 IU/L). The incidence of diarrhea increased linearly as the number of risk factors increased. In conclusion, in order to avoid ADRs, especially diarrhea, subsequently improving the quality of life during metformin use, the optimization of the dose of metformin by considering risk factors would be beneficial for patients with T2DM.

著者

Yoshito MIYATA Shin OHTA Akihiko TANAKA Kaho AKIMOTO Hiroki SATO Tomoki UNO Haruna SATO Yoshitaka UCHIDA Megumi JINNO Kuniaki HIRAI Hideki INOUE Tetsuya HONMA Mayumi YAMAMOTO Shintaro SUZUKI Hironori SAGARA

出版者

The Showa University Society

雑誌

The Showa University Journal of Medical Sciences (ISSN:09156380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.4, pp.247-256, 2020 (Released:2021-01-28)

参考文献数

28

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Mepolizumab is a monoclonal antibody against interleukin-5 used for the treatment of severe asthma. The effect of long-term mepolizumab administration and its persistence in clinical practice is poorly understood. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of long-term administration of mepolizumab in patients with severe asthma. Mepolizumab was administered to 20 patients with severe asthma. We then prospectively followed the patients for 104 weeks to investigate the efficacy of long-term mepolizumab administration in clinical practice. Eleven patients were evaluated for 104 weeks. Mepolizumab administration reduced asthma exacerbations in a year from 52 to 104 weeks and improved asthma control in every period as assessed by questionnaires. Also, blood eosinophil counts decreased at every point, and blood basophil counts decreased at 104 weeks. We compared various parameters among the 11 patients who continued administration for more than 104 weeks and 7 patients who discontinued treatment due to ineffectiveness. Significant differences were observed in disease duration, maximum expiratory flow at 50%, and blood basophil count. Long-term mepolizumab administration improved asthma symptoms in patients with severe asthma and reduced the frequency of exacerbations.

著者

Mayumi Yamamoto Ryo Horita Tadahiro Sado Akihiro Nishio

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.9, pp.1155-1162, 2020-05-01 (Released:2020-05-01)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

3

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Objective To examine the degree of metabolic abnormalities and their association with the sociodemographic background or mental illness/cognitive disability among homeless men in Nagoya, Japan. Methods We interviewed 106 homeless men (aged 54.2±12.7 years) and measured their metabolic parameters. Mental illness and cognitive disability were diagnosed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III test, respectively. Associations between metabolic abnormalities and the sociodemographic background or mental illness/cognitive disability were analyzed. Results There were significant correlations of liver dysfunction (AST≥35 IU, ALT≥35 IU, γ-GTP≥75 IU), hypertension [systolic/diastolic blood pressure (BP) ≥140/90 mmHg], and dyslipidemia (HDL <40 mg/dL) with the history/duration of homelessness (over 2 times/year) and residence status (living on the streets). Although the mean body mass index (BMI), BP, HbA1c, and LDL in participants living in temporary residences were similar to those obtained from the general population data from National Health Nutrition Survey (NHNS) 2016, the systolic/diastolic BP in those living on the street was significantly higher than in the general population, and the HDL in those living in temporary residences was significantly lower than in those reported in the NHNS 2016 data. In the group with cognitive disability, the ALT, TG, and BMI values were significantly higher and the HDL level significantly lower in those living in temporary residences than in those living on the streets. Conclusion Stressful conditions while living on the streets may exacerbate hypertension and liver dysfunction, and unhealthy food habits when living in a temporary residence may exacerbate low HDL levels. In addition, an inability to self-manage due to cognitive disability may increase the ALT, TG, and BMI values. The provision of homeless people with the skills to sustain independent living conditions and ensure a healthy diet is required.

著者

山本 真弓 山田 満 ヤマモト マユミ ヤマダ ミツル Mayumi Yamamoto Mitsuru Yamada

雑誌

和洋女子大学紀要. 家政系編

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, pp.33-43, 1997-03-31

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1)人工胃液のpH1ではすべての乳酸菌の失活が認められた。2)ビフィズス菌は製剤においてpH1&acd;4のどのpHでも60分後にはビフィズス菌が死滅しており,製品についてもpH2で失活することからビフィズス菌の腸への到達は難しい。3)ビフィズス菌以外の乳酸菌はpH1ではすべて失活するが,pH2では120分後まで生存する確率が高く,pH3&acd;4では120分後で全て生存がみられた。4)菌別にみると,L. acidophilus,L. bulgaricus,St. thermophilusはpH2に耐えられ,比較的耐酸性があった。

著者

Mayumi Yamamoto Masahito Tomotake Tetsuro Ohmori

出版者

徳島大学医学部

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3,4, pp.254-259, 2008 (Released:2008-09-17)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1 1 3

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In recent years, the problem of interpersonal relationships has been reported to be associated with various adolescent psychiatric problems. Egocentrism is one factor related to the problem of interpersonal relationships. The Adolescent Egocentrism-Sociocentrism (AES) scale is used to assess egocentrism in Western countries, but no such scale has been developed in Japan.The purpose of our current study was to develop the Japanese version of the AES scale and investigate the relationship between the egocentrism assessed by the AES scale and the self-consciousness assessed by the Japanese version of the self-consciousness scale. The original version of the AES scale was first translated into Japanese using the forward-backward method and examined for factorial reliability and validity. The results demonstrated that the Japanese version of the AES scale shows adequate factorial reliability and validity, but different from the original version the “egocentrism personal fable” subscale which measures the feeling that oneself is special and unique was not extracted in the Japanese version. We found a moderate correlation between the non-social focuses of the AES scale and the public self-consciousness subscale of the self-consciousness scale. This correlation suggests that a strong attention of others’ view on oneself results in the avoidance of others.The Japanese version of the AES scale can examine egocentrism adequately together with sociocentrism and non-social focuses. As this scale is self-reporting and easy to complete, it may have practical utility in a clinical setting. J. Med. Invest. 55: 254-259, August, 2008

著者

山田 満 山本 真弓 ヤマダ ミツル ヤマモト マユミ Mitsuru Yamada Mayumi Yamamoto

雑誌

和洋女子大学紀要. 家政系編

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, pp.35-42, 2001-03-31

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近年アレルギー疾患が増加する傾向にあり,アレルギー患者は国民の3分の1という高率になるという。そこで食物アレルゲンの一つである牛乳を対象として,牛乳の殺菌温度別アレルゲン性を測定し,アレルギー発症との関係について動物実験により比較検討を行った。抗原として低温殺菌牛乳(63℃30分),超高温殺菌牛乳(130℃2秒)および煮沸乳(100℃20分)を用い,マウス,ラットの腹腔内に注射し感作させた。アレルギー反応の確認はマウス血清IgE抗体値の測定と,ラット平滑筋のSchultz-Dale反応による抗原体反応によって確認した。その結果,低温殺菌乳に比べ超高温殺菌乳のマウス血清IgE抗体含有率の方が有意に高いことが分かった(P<0.05)。超高温殺菌乳と煮沸乳のIgE平均含有率の間には有意差は認められなかったが,高温で加熱時間の長いほどIgE値の高くなる傾向がみられた。一方,ラットによるSchultz-Dale反応でも低温殺菌乳では平滑筋の収縮は見られなかったが,超高温殺菌乳と煮沸乳では1分以内に著しい筋肉の収縮が認められた。これらのことより低温殺菌乳は,超高温殺菌乳に比較してアレルゲン性が弱く,加熱温度の高くなるほどアレルゲン量が増加し,アレルギー発症の原因になりやすいのではないかと考えられる。