著者

Shotaro Midorikawa Kohtaroh Shutoh Takashi Shiga

出版者

The Japanese Society for Plant Systematics

雑誌

Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica (ISSN:13467565)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.1, pp.55-63, 2020-02-29 (Released:2020-03-17)

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Najas minor and N. oguraensis (Hydrocharitaceae) are annual submerged plants and are difficult to distinguish owing to their similarities. While the number of anther locules and the size of the leaf epidermal cells differ between the two species, the anther locules are often difficult to observe on herbarium specimens and the effectiveness of using the size of the leaf epidermal cells as a taxonomic key character is currently unknown. We examined the size of the leaf epidermal cells in living plants and in dried specimens to evaluate the effectiveness of this feature in species identification. We first identified the two species by observing the anther locule number and then compared the size of the leaf cells in fixed and dried specimens. To identify plant fragments, we examined differences in epidermal cell length and width depending on the position of the cells within the plant. The length and width significantly differed in both fixed and dried leaves between the species. In particular, the epidermal cells of N. oguraensis ( > 160 μm) were about twice as long as those of N. minor regardless of leaf position. We therefore concluded that cell size, especially length, is a valid method for identifying the species in both fresh and dried condition. This method is effective where precise identifications are necessary, such as in floristic surveys and environmental assessments.

著者

Yasuro Kadono Tomoyoshi Noda Kazumasa Tsubota Kohtaroh Shutoh Takashi Shiga

出版者

The Japanese Society for Plant Systematics

雑誌

Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica (ISSN:13467565)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.2, pp.129-134, 2019-06-30 (Released:2019-07-10)

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An alien member of the Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) discovered in Japan is currently assigned to U. inflata, a native of North America. However, some morphological traits differ between the plants in Japan and U. inflata, including the apex of the floral spur and filament of the stamens. The alien plants are completely sterile, while U. inflata is capable of seed production. DNA analysis revealed that the chloroplast DNA sequences of the alien also differ from those of U. inflata in four regions. We provisionally determine the alien plants to be U. cf. platensis, a South American species with which it shares many traits.

著者

Kohtaroh Shutoh Mitsuru Usuba Hiroki Yamagishi Yushi Fujita Takashi Shiga

出版者

The Japanese Society for Plant Systematics

雑誌

Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica (ISSN:13467565)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.1, pp.33-44, 2020-02-29 (Released:2020-03-17)

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Potamogeton ×angustifolius (P. gramineus × P. lucens) was newly recorded in Japan from a pond in Tsugaru-shi, Aomori Prefecture. The hybrid nothospecies was identified based on morphological observations and measurements, molecular analyses using cloned nuclear adhA gene and chloroplast rpl20–rps12 intergenic spacer, and pollen viability. The putative hybrid had morphological traits intermediate between P. gramineus and P. lucens, nuclear haplotypes matching those of the two parental lineages, and lower pollen viability than P. lucens (not compared with P. gramineus). The maternal lineage of the hybrid was presumed to be P. gramineus, based on chloroplast sequences. The hybrid characteristically shows well-branched stems in the upper part of shoots, as in P. gramineus, and both clearly petiolate and sessile submerged leaves with distinctive netted venation. Similar plants were collected in the 1980s from a ditch near the pond, suggesting that the hybrid may have been present for more than 30 years in this area.

著者

Chihiro ISHIKAWA Takashi SHIGA

出版者

日本感性工学会

雑誌

Kansei Engineering International Journal (ISSN:18840841)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.3, pp.109-114, 2012 (Released:2012-07-02)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

2

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Tactile stimulation is an important factor in mother-infant interactions. Many studies on both human and animals have shown that tactile stimulation during the neonatal period has various beneficial effects in the subsequent growth of the body and brain. In particular, massage is often applied to preterm human babies as “touch care”, because tactile stimulation together with kinesthetic stimulation increases body weight, which is accompanied by behavioral development and the changes of endocrine and neural conditions. Among them, the elevation of insulin-like growth factor-1, catecholamine, and vagus nerve activity may underlie the body weight gain. Apart from the body weight gain, tactile stimulation has various effects on the nervous system and endocrine system. For example, it has been reported that tactile stimulation on human and animal babies activates parasympathetic nervous systems, while suppresses the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenalcortical (HPA) axis, which may be related to the reduction of emotionality, anxiety-like behavior, and pain sensitivity. In addition, animal experiments have shown that tactile stimulation improves learning and memory. Facilitation of the neuronal activity and the morphological changes including the hippocampal synapse may underlie the improvement of the learning and memory. In conclusion, it has been strongly suggested that tactile stimulation in early life has beneficial effects on body, brain structure and function, which are maintained throughout life.

著者

Kenji Momo Takeo Yasu Seiichiro Kuroda Sonoe Higashino Eiko Mitsugi Hiromasa Ishimaru Kazumi Goto Atsuko Eguchi Kuniyoshi Sato Masahiro Matsumoto Takashi Shiga Hideki Kobayashi Reisuke Seki Mikako Nakano Yoshiki Yashiro Takuya Nagata Hiroshi Yamazaki Shou Ishida Naoki Watanabe Mihoko Tagomori Noboru Sotoishi Daisuke Sato Kengo Kuroda Dai Harada Hitoshi Nagasawa Takashi Kawakubo Yuta Miyazawa Kyoko Aoyagi Sachiko Kanauchi Kiyoshi Okuyama Satoshi Kohsaka Kohtaro Ono Yoshiyasu Terayama Hiroshi Matsuzawa Mikio Shirota

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.10, pp.1489-1494, 2022-10-01 (Released:2022-10-01)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1

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The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of near-miss dispensing errors in hospital pharmacies in Japan. A prospective multi-center observational study was conducted between December 2018 and March 2019. The primary objective was to determine the proportion of near-miss dispensing errors in hospital pharmacy departments. The secondary objective was to determine the predictive factors for near-miss dispensing errors using multiple logistic regression analysis. The study was approved by the ethical committee at The Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan. A multi-center prospective observational study was conducted in 20 hospitals comprising 8862 beds. Across the 20 hospitals, we assessed data from 553 pharmacists and 53039 prescriptions. A near-miss dispensing error proportion of 0.87% (n = 461) was observed in the study. We found predictive factors for dispensing errors in day-time shifts: a higher number of drugs in a prescription, higher number of quantified drugs, such as liquid or powder formula, in a prescription, and higher number of topical agents in a prescription; but we did not observe for career experience level for clinical pharmacists. For night-time and weekend shifts, we observed a negative correlation of near-miss dispensing errors with clinical pharmacist experience level. We found an overall incidence of near-miss dispensing errors of 0.87%. Predictive factors for errors in night-time and weekend shifts was inexperienced pharmacists. We recommended that pharmacy managers should consider education or improved work flow to avoid near-miss dispensing errors by younger pharmacists, especially those working night or weekend shifts.