著者

Akira Andoh Atsushi Nishida Kenichiro Takahashi Osamu Inatomi Hirotsugu Imaeda Shigeki Bamba Katsuyuki Kito Mitsushige Sugimoto Toshio Kobayashi

出版者

日本酸化ストレス学会

雑誌

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (ISSN:09120009)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.65-70, 2016 (Released:2016-07-01)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

1 161

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Altered gut microbial ecology contributes to the development of metabolic diseases including obesity. In this study, we performed 16S rRNA sequence analysis of the gut microbiota profiles of obese and lean Japanese populations. The V3–V4 hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA of fecal samples from 10 obese and 10 lean volunteers were sequenced using the Illumina MiSeqTMII system. The average body mass index of the obese and lean group were 38.1 and 16.6 kg/m2, respectively (p<0.01). The Shannon diversity index was significantly higher in the lean group than in the obese group (p<0.01). The phyla Firmicutes and Fusobacteria were significantly more abundant in obese people than in lean people. The abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes and the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio were not different between the obese and lean groups. The genera Alistipes, Anaerococcus, Corpococcus, Fusobacterium and Parvimonas increased significantly in obese people, and the genera Bacteroides, Desulfovibrio, Faecalibacterium, Lachnoanaerobaculum and Olsenella increased significantly in lean people. Bacteria species possessing anti-inflammatory properties, such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, increased significantly in lean people, but bacteria species possessing pro-inflammatory properties increased in obese people. Obesity-associated gut microbiota in the Japanese population was different from that in Western people.

著者

園田 順一 久保 義郎 小林 俊雄 伊藤 真里 三宅 俊治 Jun-ichi SONODA Yoshio KUBO Toshio KOBAYASHI Mari ITOU Shunji MIYAKE 吉備国際大学社会福祉学部臨床心理学科 吉備国際大学社会福祉学部臨床心理学科 吉備国際大学社会福祉学部臨床心理学科 吉備国際大学社会福祉学部臨床心理学科 吉備国際大学社会福祉学部臨床心理学科 Department of Clinical Psychology School of Social Welfare KIBI International University Department of Clinical Psychology School of Social Welfare KIBI International University Department of Clinical Psychology School of Social Welfare KIBI International University Department of Clinical Psychology School of Social Welfare KIBI International University Department of Clinical Psychology School of Social Welfare KIBI International University

雑誌

吉備国際大学社会福祉学部研究紀要 = Journal of Kibi International University School of Social Welfare (ISSN:13418912)

巻号頁・発行日

no.11, pp.163-168, 2006-03-31

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This study revealed that most maladjustment behaviors had avoidance mechanism. These behaviors included anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders, dissociative disorders, alcohol dependence, social withdrawal, school refusal and the like. In the functional analysis of this article, we argued that the forms of psychopathology were viewed as unhealthy methods of avoidance. The treatments of avoidance-based maladjustment behaviors (symptoms) expose clients to previously avoided private experiences.

著者

Toshio KOBAYASHI

出版者

Japanische Gesellschaft für Germanistik

雑誌

Neue Beiträge zur Germanistik (ISSN:24330906)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.114, pp.125-137, 2003 (Released:2018-03-31)

著者

Sanae ORIYAMA Yukiko MIYAKOSHI Toshio KOBAYASHI

出版者

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

雑誌

Industrial Health (ISSN:00198366)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.1, pp.25-35, 2014 (Released:2014-02-14)

参考文献数

59

被引用文献数

7 35

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of two 15-min naps on nurses who work at night in a three-shift system. Of the 15 nurses who were included as study subjects on a night shift, eight took two short naps (the Nap condition), and seven worked without taking a nap (the No-nap condition) during the night shift. We measured sublingual temperature and the bispectral index (BIS), obtained heart rate and heart rate variability measures from an electrocardiogram (ECG), and evaluated sleepiness and fatigue levels every hour using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Both subjective sleepiness and fatigue increased between 4:00 and 5:00, with no significant differences observed between the two groups. However, the low- to high-frequency ratio (LF/HF) in the Nap condition group was found to be significantly lower than in the No-nap condition group. Furthermore, a sudden, brief increase in HF values was observed in the No-nap condition group in the morning. The results of this study suggest that taking two short naps may effectively reduce tension and prevent a brief increase in HF values by suppressing sympathetic nervous activity in the morning.