著者

加治木 紳哉 Kajiki Shinya

出版者

宇宙航空研究開発機構(JAXA)

雑誌

宇宙航空研究開発機構特別資料 = JAXA Special Publication (ISSN:24332232)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.JAXA-SP-19-004, pp.1-343, 2020-03-13

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In February 1954, Japan's space research activities began with the Pencil rocket launch experiment by the Avionics and Supersonic Aerodynamics (AVSA) research groups that was a part of the Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo. This group’s members (engineers) and other institute’s researchers (scientists) formed a committee for sounding rockets and joined the international earth observation program the International Geophysical Year (IGY) from July 1957 to December 1958. Their attempts to carry out observations of the upper atmosphere, cosmic rays, and others were successful. Following the recommendations of the Science Council of Japan, the Institute of Space and Aeronautical Science (ISAS), the University of Tokyo was founded in April 1964 by the merger of the two institutes of this university, that were the Institute of Industrial Science: engineers related to space research activities, and Aeronautical Research Institute. In February 1970, ISAS launched Japan's first satellite "Ohsumi" and put it into orbit. In April 1981, based on the report of Scholarship Commission, ISAS was reorganized as an inter university research institutes directly under the Ministry of Education and started more ambitious activities. In October 2003, as part of the reformation of administration, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) was established, by integrating ISAS, the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA) and the National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan (NAL). This report investigates the history of ISAS, from 1960-2010, considering three perspectives: 1) Collaboration of scientists and engineers, that includes the space science staff that researched the mysteries of space and engineering staff that worked to meet their needs, 2) Activities as an inter university research institutes; and 3) Decision making process in space science missions.