著者

Etmy Herawati 石崎 文彬

出版者

九州大学

雑誌

九州大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:00236152)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.449-461, 1998-03

被引用文献数

1

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Pediococcus sp. ISK-1, isolated in our laboratory, has been found to inhabit in well-aged Nukadoko which is believed to have lasted for 360 years. We compared the influence of ethanol between Lactobacillus homohiochii JCM 1199' and strain ISK-l and found that the growth of strain ISK-1 was seriously inhibited by ethanol. However, fermentation of ISK-1 was strongly stimulated by Yamahai-moto Sake and Sakekasu (Sake Filter Cake). Yamahai-moto Sake is obtained from traditional brewing, therefore, it was possible that Sakekasu would have been used for the first Nukadoko preparation at that time. Addition of 8.0% NaCI and 2.0% Sakekasu in MRS broth resulted in substantially improving the cell population and lactate formation. Based on those facts, it is presumed that the first Nukadoko may have been prepared by the supplementation of Sakekasu, Soy souce, and Salt with selective pressure resulting in enrichment of strain ISK-1 of the bacteriocin producer.

著者

Shiraishi Shinichi Watanabe Yuka

出版者

九州大学

雑誌

九州大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:00236152)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.1, pp.63-67, 1991-10

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The anthocyanin pigments of red grapes Vi& vinifera cultivars, 'Kaiji', 'Sekirei', 'MorgenshBn', 'Mario' and 'Unicorn' were examined by thin-layer chromatography and reflection densitometry. Seven spots were separated, and they were identified to pigments by Rf values, molybdate shift and color reactions, except for one unidentified spot. In 'Kaiji', the pigments in decreasing order of concentration, were cyanidin-3-monoglucoside (92%), delphinidin-3-monoglucoside (8%), and traces of peonidin-3-monoglucoside and an unidentified pigment. 'Ruby Okuyama', 'Morgenshon and 'Sekirei' had constitutions similar 'to 'Kaiji'. Pigments of 'Rizamat', 'Mario' and 'Unicorn', in decreasing order of concentration, were malvidin-, cyaniden, petunidin-, delphinidin- and peonidin3mmonoglucosides, 'Mario' lacking peonidin-3mmonoglucoside. In 'Kaiji', the aglycones were cyanidin (92%) and delphinidin (8%). In 'Ruby Okuyama' and 'Morgenshijn', the aglycones were in about the same order, and plus petunidin in 'Sekirei'. 'Rizamat' and 'Unicorn' contained five aglycones, in decreasing order of concentration, malvidin, cyanidin, petunidin, delphinidin and peonidin, and peonidin was absent in 'Mario'.

著者

Chinachoti Noppawan 遠藤 直之 園元 謙二 石崎 文彬

出版者

九州大学

雑誌

九州大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:00236152)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.421-436, 1998-03

被引用文献数

2

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Continuous fermentation was introduced to improve the nisin Z productivity of Lactococcus lactis IO-1. Free cells showed a good productivity at the dilution rate of 0.1 h^<-1>. However, nisin Z production was affected by cell wash-out at the dilution rate of 0.2h^<-1>. Continuous fermentation with the cells adsorbed on ENTG-3800 gel beads displayed an improvement in productivity at higher dilution rates. No enhancement of nisin Z production was observed during continuous fermentation at a high cell density employing a hydrophobic hollow fiber membrane. The polyolefm membrane adsorbed the produced nisin Z too much. Continuous fermentation at a high cell density employing a ceramic membrane displayed a good nisin Z productivity at high dilution rates. Nisin Z productivity could be increased if a ceramic membrane with an adequate and effective filtration area is employed. Nisin Z was separated from the fermentation broth using various kinds of adsorbents including Amberlite IR-120B, CM Sephadex C-25, Celite, and Sep-Pak cartridges. The Sep-Pak (tC_18, C_18, C_8, and tC_2) cartridges showed a substantial capacity for nisin Z adsorption. A moderate reversed-phase column, a Sep-Pak C, cartridge, was applied to integrate nisin Z fermentation with a ceramic membrane and product separation system. Nisin Z productivity was enhanced by the integration of the nisin Z adsorption cartridge. This result indicates the possibility of continuous fermentation with the integrated bioreactor system followed by high nisin Z productivity.

著者

Lee Hae-Pyeong Park Young-Ju Lee Si Young Cha Joo Yanng Ohga Shoji 大賀 祥治

出版者

Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University

雑誌

九州大学大学院農学研究院紀要 (ISSN:00236152)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.2, pp.209-213, 2010-10-29

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Combustion tests were conducted with living leaves of P. densiflora to examine the combustion characteristics of this species at different altitudes. An ignition temperature tester, cone calorimeter, and smoke density chamber were used for the tests. Leaf moisture content was measured prior to combustion, yielding a range of between 148 and 177%. The temperature of non-flame ignition was 300-310 ℃ and did not vary with altitude. Flame ignition occurred in the samples taken at 900 m and 1300 m, but lasted for only 7 and 8 s, respectively. These two samples released similar heat, with the sample from 1300 m producing slightly more heat. The sample from 1400 m released more than twice the smoke yielded by the other samples. Maximum smoke density was highest for the higher altitude samples, and the amount of smoke released varied proportionately with altitude. The mean release density of CO increased abruptly at 1100 m and decreased after that point before an abrupt increase at 1500 m, and that of CO2 showed almost the same pattern as for CO.

著者

Park Young-Ju Lee Hae-Pyeong Lee Si Young Cha Joo Yanng Ohga Shoji 大賀 祥治

出版者

Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University

雑誌

九州大学大学院農学研究院紀要 (ISSN:00236152)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.2, pp.215-219, 2010-10-29

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In this study, combustion tests were conducted on living Q. mongolica leaves to compare their combustion characteristics at different altitudes. Leaf moisture content was measured and combustion characteristics were then studied using an ignition temperature tester, a cone calorimeter, and a smoke density chamber. The samples contained 117-145% moisture. The temperature of non-flame ignition was 275-308℃ and did not vary with altitude. Samples from 1,300m and 1,500m ignited more quickly than the others, but went out after 2 and 4 seconds, respectively. Heat release increased and reached its peak at 1,100 m, thereafter decreasing. Smoke release decreased and smoke density increased in proportion to altitude. The mean release density of CO rose gradually with increasing altitude while that of CO2 increased from 1,200 m.

著者

Funakoshi Kimitake Uchida Teruaki

出版者

九州大学

雑誌

九州大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:00236152)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.95-115, 1978-10

被引用文献数

7

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A study on annual activity cycle of P. abramus was carried out in Fukuoka City. The bats formed a colony and remained in one house all year, without seasonal migration. From May to September emergence time of the first bat averaged 12 minutes after sunset, though it was earlier in cloudy weather than in clear. As for nocturnal activity, there was both a major peak soon after sunset and a minor peak just before sunrise from May to August, but in October only the former occurred. When air temperatures dropped to 15℃ and less, bats seldom emerged. The principal foraging period was within 2 or 3 hours after emergence in summer; and was synchronized with the emergence of most small Lepidoptera and Coleoptera, which constitute the major portion of the diet. In early spring and autumn Diptera became the main food. The size (body length) of available insects was 15mm and less. The increase ratios of body weight in late autumn to that in summer were 30.6 and 29.2 % in adult females and males, respectively. Hibernation lasted from early November until mid-March. During deep hibernation, arousal occurred once in 16 days, and the rate of weight loss (ca. 1 mg/g body weight/day) was about half of that during the shallow hibernation. Winter activities of genus Pipistrehs are various in different species. It may be attributed not only to variations in climate and food, but also to the degree of coldresistance and of torpidity.

著者

Sarr Papa Saliou Diouf Macoumba Diallo Mariama Dalanda Ndiaye Saliou Dia Rouguiyatou Guisse Aliou Yamakawa Takeo 山川 武夫

出版者

Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University

雑誌

九州大学大学院農学研究院紀要 (ISSN:00236152)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.2, pp.259-267, 2013-09

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This study aimed to characterize the effects of the application of different types of litters and fertilizer on the growth and productivity of maize (Zea mays L. var.) in Senegal. A split plot experiment was conducted in a low fertile soil at Thiès. Three factors corresponded to: inorganic fertilizer as urea at two levels (0, 2), insecticide as fipronil at two levels (0, 2) and litter type at 5 levels (D, A, B, E, F). Zero (0) represented the controls without fertilizer, insecticide or litter application. Two (2) corresponded to an application of 71.4 kg ha^<-1> N fertilizer, and 7.5 L ha^<-1> insecticide, both sequentially applied 3 times during the trial. D, A, B, E, F corresponded to the control, 5.7 t ha^<-1> of Andropogon gayanus Kunth, Casuarina equisetifolia (Forssk), Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. and Faidherbia albida (Chev.) litters, respectively, applied 73 days before sowing. This gave a total of 20 experimental units with 3 replications each. With no inorganic or insecticide application, the effect on growth parameters (plant height, medium collar diameter, number of leaves per plant) was not significantly different among the different applied litters. Litter application positively affected the growth parameters compared to the control. F. albida litter increased the quantic maximal output of the photochemical activity by 6% and the energy use efficiency by 26%, compared to the other litter types. At harvest, litters of F. albida, C. equisetifolia and P. glaucum increased grain yields by 94.3% over the control. The addition of inorganic fertilizer and/or insecticide improved the stem collar diameter and plant height and grain yield. In conclusion, the incorporation of locally available litters (more specifically that of the leguminous plants F. albida and C. equisetifolia) and their combination with inorganic N fertilizer and insecticide are good alternatives to increase maize production in tropical croplands.

著者

Wang Zi-Xuan Iwata Nobuo Sukekiyo Yasunori Yoshimura Atsushi

出版者

九州大学

雑誌

九州大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:00236152)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.1, pp.99-108, 1991-10

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Rice stocks carrying one or more recessive marker genes were fertilized with pollen of a stock carrying normal alleles at the corresponding loci, that had been preirradiated with gamma rays. Plants derived from such hybridization were investigated for their marker genes, morphological features and seed fertility. Fifty-two pseudo-dominant plants for 9 marker genes were detected from 13,063 plants of 10 cross combinations, and a number of other plants that did not show pseudo-dominant for any marker genes but had variations in morphological features and/or seed fertility, were also obtained. The chromosome number of those plants were counted in the root tip cells, and plants with 2n= 12, 2n=23, 2n=23+1Fr (fragment chromosome), 2n=23+2Fr, 2n=23+3Fr, 2n=25, and chromosome interchange heterozygous, were observed. This study suggests that the use of irradiated pollen is an effective method for inducing chromosome aberration, such as chromosome deficiency, monosomics and chromosome interchange in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

著者

Ishikawa Hiroya Yoshihara Miyuki Baba Ai

出版者

九州大学

雑誌

九州大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:00236152)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.1, pp.93-97, 2006-02

被引用文献数

3

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The formation of zinc protoporphyrin ⅠⅩ (ZPP) with pork loin extract was determined by visible absorption and fluorecsent spectral analyses. After the aaerobic incubation ( in the dark at pH 5.5 and 30℃) of the extract with metmyoglobrin and ZnCl2, characteristic peaks in absorption and spectra were observed at 417,546, and 584 nm. In fluorescent spectrs, a peak was observed at 589nm. Formed amounts of ZPP estimated from the fluorescent intensity at 589 nm was 15.5 nmol/mL-pork extract. The difference in the formations was significantly facilitated by the use of ATP. Zin chelatase activity of loin extract was assayed with protoporphyrin ⅠⅩ and it was estimated as 42mU/mL-extract. The Fe-Zn substituting activity of the extract was assayed with myoglobrin as a substrate. Under the asasy conditions at pH5.5 and 40℃, ZPP was maekedly increased with increasing time by using oxymyoglobrin reduced with ascorbate, white little increase was observed with metmyoglobrin. The activity was estimated as 4.1mU/mL-extract with oxymyoglobrin. At pH5.5-7.0, higher activities were observed as lower pH.

著者

Breisinger Clements Yokogawa Hiroshi Song Min

出版者

Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University

雑誌

九州大学大学院農学研究院紀要 (ISSN:00236152)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.2, pp.503-531, 2003-02-01

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The Japanese rice market is an extreme example of national market protection in an industrialsed country. As a consequence of these proyrctionist policies, domestic prices average almost 4 times the world market price for comparable rice qualities. This paper discusses the obstacles on the way to political reform and to more openness of the rice trade. With the framework of a partial equilibrium model we quantify the benefits that can be expected by exhensive trade liberalisation and show that the Japanese consumer and rice producers in developing countries largely carry the burden of the current system that only conserves the highly inefficient Japanese rice farming structure. Our analysis shows that the current policies are economically not the best means to address the objectives taegeted by the "New agricultural policy" of Japan that promotes mainly food security, multifunctional aspects of agriculture and the parity of rural- urban income distribution. On the contrary, the Japanese rice policy appers to use these arguments only as oretence to justify its protectionist interventions. As an alternative, we develop an example for the conversion to a direct payment system that targets the political objectives directly and improves the competitiveness of the production in Japan.

著者

Shiotsuka Kota Kanazawa Shinjiro Sakai Kenji

出版者

Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University

雑誌

九州大学大学院農学研究院紀要 (ISSN:00236152)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.2, pp.471-477, 2008-10-28

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To analyze metabolically active thermophilic bacteria, a high-temperature direct viable count (HT-DVC) method was developed and applied to sewage sludge compost made by a hyperthermal composting method. When the HT-DVC method was conducted at 60 ℃ and 80 ℃, maximum numbers of 23.3×108 and 2.62×108 cells/(g of dry sample) of elongated cells (length >4 μm), respectively, were detected. These results indicate that the HT-DVC method can be used to enumerate even metabolically active extreme thermophiles. Strain TH, a Gram-negative, spore-forming, and extremely thermophilic bacterium, which showed growth at 55-78 ℃, was isolated from the sewage sludge compost. Strain TH is closely related to Caldaterra satsumae YMO81. The HT-DVC method could detect strain TH inoculated into sewage sludge compost with autoclaving, but could not selectively detect the strain inoculated into the compost without autoclaving.