著者

辻 京子

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.1, pp.61-71, 2015 (Released:2016-01-06)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

2

---

Active discussions have taken place in Japan since the 1980s over the diversification and personalization of families and their members. The obviousness of the nuclear family as a form and modern family ideology now appears to have lost relevance. Current child abuse prevention measures regard families with no father as a defect and single-mother families as being at risk of child abuse. This study examined whether public institutions have a tendency to determine single mothers as child abusers, using data on abuse cases handled by a child consultation center. Based on the results of looking at the relationships between family types and the severity of abuse as well as the number of notifications of abuse, it was found that people were more likely to notify a child consultation center of the possibility of abuse for single-mother families than two-parent families with fathers and mothers and tended to report the level of severity at the single-mother families as being “at risk of abuse” and the type of abuse as neglect. Interviews with six single mothers judged as abusers suggested the possibility that public services provided by public institutions were a burden on them. Single mothers judged as abusers are placed on the watch list of public institutions. According to the interviews, these single mothers felt that rejection of public services made the surveillance stronger and that they were rejected from the regional community. These single mothers were frustrated with the regional community. However, they neither tried to fight against the community nor become assimilated into it, in an apparent attempt to maintain a stable life. JEL Classification: Z19

著者

小口 登良 星野 優子

出版者

JAPAN SECTION OF THE REGIONAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.3, pp.123-134, 2000-12-31 (Released:2008-10-10)

参考文献数

19

---

Technology transfer is one of the reasons for host economies to welcome FDI. However, quite often we hear disappointments by the host economies as to the realization of technology transfer. In this paper, we focus on the effect of Japanese direct investment in Korea. We estimate the improvement of overall productivity of Korean manufacturing sector due to Japanese direct investment. The over all productivity is measured by the Total Factor Productivity. We estimate the rate of change of TFP for Korean manufacturing industry. We then decompose the TFP growth into three factors, namely (1) shift in cost function, (2) scale effect, and (3) effect of FDI, based on the estimates of the translog cost function.For the period of 1972-95, average annual growth rate of TFP was 3.66 per cent. It was found that during early days of FDI, foreign capital ratio had negative effect on TFP growth. The negative effect became smaller in the 80s, and then in 90s it turned to positive. This may be interpreted that it takes time to foreign firms to operate at full efficiency. More straight interpretation is also possible. That is, during early period, FDI was to take advantage of lower wage of the host country and not a vehicle of technology transfer of advanced production technology. In later years the nature of FDI shifted with the change of management strategy to put emphasis on global optimal allocation of production facilities and specialization at global level. It is important to know that the effect of FDI was not the same throughout the analysis period. It may work as a vehicle of technology transfer as well as tool of exploitation of low wages. In this paper, it was found that Japanese direct investment may have shifted from the latter to former in nature in the 90s.

著者

山下 良平 井戸 茉名美

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.151-164, 2016 (Released:2016-11-19)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1 2

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In Japan, serious news that foreign companies have purchased watershed-protected forests has become widely known as a social issue. Consequently, many prefectures are now hurriedly designing Water Source Area Conservation Regulations (WSACR) in response to many concerned foresters who demand legal measures, not because of actual overexploitation but because of the potential risks. These WSACRs require all new owners to submit a plan for buying and using forested areas before completion of a land sale to supplement the revised forest act, which imposes a duty ex post facto to apply for a sale. In fact, no detailed report yet exists regarding the policymaking process of WSACR and situations for WSACR applications.Based on the experiences in Hokkaido with regard to the acquisition of water sources by foreign companies (specifically in the towns of Niseko and Kutchan), the current study seeks to examine the validity of the processes involved in the formulation of WSACR, as well as related to operational challenges for the circum-Hakusan region (comprising the prefectures of Fukui, Ishikawa, Toyama, and Gifu), which yet has no experience with such acquisitions. To approach this problem, data has been gathered through interviews with forest policy officials at the prefectural and municipal levels, with characteristics and procedures relating to WSACR then summarized in detail.Analysis revealed the following points. First, currently, there are no cases for the acquisition of forests in the circum-Hakusan region by foreign companies, and the role of WSACR is defined to be for fact-finding rather than licensing. Accordingly, plans by overseas companies attempting to acquire forests will not be rejected without reason. Second, while criticisms of excessive procedures and regulations have been previously raised in the implementation of conservation regulations, there are currently many who express the converse desire to further strengthen penalties. The reason for this is the desire to eliminate the anxiety that foreign companies will rampantly exploit Japan’s forests. Third, while forest land registries have for the most part yet to be fully clarified, there is a limit to what can be accomplished in this regard at the municipal level.A lesson for the future is to ensure that public opinion about a foreign company buying forested area does not become unnecessarily complicated because of the absence of credible information. It is impossible to regulate overexploitation of forests under the Water Source Area Conservation Regulations, which has been instituted for local governance. If local foresters desire harsher regulations, developing national laws will be the appropriate approach to fulfill their needs.JEL Classifications:Q18, Q23, Q58

著者

山下 良平

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.1, pp.117-131, 2018 (Released:2018-11-16)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 1

---

This paper focuses on the problems of foreign company acquisition of forests in the water source areas (WSAs) of Japan. We conducted a verification of the hypothesis “Will clarification of land registers and awakening interest in the promotion of collaboration between government and forestry workers lead to the maintenance of stable WSAs ?” Specifically, individual interest in the hypothetical policy scenario for clarification of land registers and strengthening of the connection between government and forestry workers was used as a proxy for the willingness to pay (WTP) policy implementation costs. Moreover, this standard was evaluated through a comparison among regions, taking forest acquisition as the basis. Land ownership of the many forest lands in Japan, including WSAs, is unclear, and the reality is that the work of ascertaining this requires the understanding and cooperation of not only prefectures but also municipalities and local forestry workers. Based on this, we constructed two scenarios. The first scenario was the implementation of “a policy to clarify the unclear forest ownership structure for the conservation of WSAs.” The second scenario consisted of the incorporation of the concept of co-management in forest management and implementation of “a policy related to business development to promote collaboration between government and local forestry workers.” These two scenarios were not meant to function as direct prevention of forest acquisition but rather as a contribution to sound maintenance and management of forest areas extending from the WSAs to mountains near villages. Further, as a form of resident participation in the management of WSAs, we measured and compared the WTP for the costs required for implementing the policy. Data collection was conducted from 2016 to 2017 through internet research. The number of samples of residents in regions with a history of forest acquisition was 1,513, and in regions with no such history, the number was 2,209. The WTP was estimated using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM), with initial costs of 300 (yen/year per household), 1,000 (yen/year per household), 3,000 (yen/year or household), and 10,000 (yen/year or household). A comparison of the WTP amounts for the two scenarios showed that the WTP of residents of regions with a history of forest acquisition for scenario one was 876 yen, and for regions with no history, the WTP was 776 yen. Similarly, the WTP amounts for residents of regions with a history of forest acquisition for scenario two was 1,851 yen, and for regions with no history, WTP was 1,371 yen. With respect to factors that influenced the WTP, the influence of regional differences was partial and differences in the recognition of individuals had a stronger influence on the WTP than a comparison of regional differences and differences in the recognition of individuals. This study suggests that the estimated WTP is extremely beneficial for the system design of forest policies implemented at the national level or the municipal level.JEL Classification:Q10, Q15, R52

著者

金崎 雅之 細江 守紀

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.1, pp.283-293, 2002

---

In this paper, we analyze whether it can decrease the inefficiency of policy making by voting, which it was seen in Lizzeri and Persico (2001), by the central government and about the problem of allocation of political authority between the local and central government which can choose local public goods provision policy or redistribution policy of income. In Lizzeri and Persico (2001), the candidate who promises the provision of local public goods is not always chosen by voters even though the value of local public goods is high. This is inefficient in the view of social welfare.<br>However, in case this local public goods has spillover effect and the central government has the information about desirable public goods for this region sufficiently, it is desirable to give the political authority to the central government in the view of social welfare. As the value of public goods increase, the domain it is desirable to give the political authority to the central government expands in Winner-take all-system.<br>Conversely, in proportional-system, this domain is getting narrow with increasing of the value of one.

著者

李 友炯 細江 守紀

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.3, pp.1-12, 1999

---

Urban or metropolitan area which results from the concentration of population is due to the existence of economies of scale or agglomeration. At the same time, however, with urban concentration, urban area expands to the outside of the city. Such expansion of urban area generates inner city decay and suburban sprawl. Faced with such problems, many countries have adopted urban growth control policies.<br>Greenbelt is one of the growth control measures. It was established by England first, many countries (e. g. Korea and some regions of Australia, Canada and New Zealand) adopt the policy now. The main purpose of greenbelt is not only to control the urban expansion but also to preserve the natural environment.<br>In this paper, we introduced the congestion externality in the closed city model and examined the optimal size of greenbelt when it is a pure public good. In addition, we investigated the social effect of greenbelt. The results are as follows. The condition of optimal size of greenbelt satisfies Samuelson condition. The size that maximizes the total profit of landowners is socially optimal. Finally, the stronger the preference for greenbelt, the larger the size of greenbelt; the stronger the preference of private good or lot size, the smaller the size of greenbelt; the higher the household income, the larger the size of greenbelt; the higher the transport cost, the smaller the size of greenbelt.

著者

境 和彦 細江 守紀

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.2, pp.339-353, 2005

---

A lot of accidents that cause environmental pollution have happened in recent years, then the public concern with compensation problems for environmental damage has been growing greatly. To solve these problems, many laws and conventions (rules) have been established until now. However, these rules would not be enough to cover all of compensation problems. Because there are various types of firms that cause accident, but these rules are not designed dependent on firm's type. So these rules should be improved hereafter. Therefore, to solve the problem as stated above, we consider an economic activity that involves transportation of environmentally hazardous materials like oil, and then we assume that there are one firm that needs to transport materials and two types of transporters : One is good transporter, and the other is vicious. Under these circumstances we discuss the problem that whether extended liability is effective or not. Namely, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of extended liability rule (liability sharing rule) and rule that adopted in the real world (insurance and fund) and to compare the two rules.<br>JEL classification : K13, K32, Q53

著者

細江 守紀 福山 博文

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.4, pp.1011-1030, 2007

---

In this paper we consider the design of environmental policies for illegal waste disposal problems using a model that consists of the firm and administration. The first feature of this paper introduces the penalty for evasive action by a firm that illegally disposes wastes. The second clarifies the influence information disclosures exert on policy design by comparison analysis of the disclosure of information on the monitoring budget (information disclosure strategy) and no disclosure (information closed-door strategy).<br> The main conclusions of this paper are as follows. The first conclusion of this paper is different from Becker (1968) that insists that it is necessary to raise the penalty level to the upper bound. That is, we showed that the penalty level should not be increased to the upper bound because the larger penalty level promotes evasion of the penalty. The second conclusion is that the monitoring budget under the information disclosure strategy is larger than under the information closed-door strategy. Also we showed that the penalty level under the information disclosure strategy is smaller than under the information closed-door strategy.<br><br>JEL Classification: Q28, Q29

著者

金沢 哲雄

出版者

JAPAN SECTION OF THE REGIONAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.1-12, 1982-11-30 (Released:2008-10-10)

参考文献数

8

---

The purpose of this paper tries to find the causes of congestion in the Metropolitan Expressways and is to find some policies to relive its congestion.First, we examine the traffic volumes and road conditions in order to clarify the congestio problms in the Metropolitan Expressways.Secondly, the paper discusses the causes of congestion in the Metropolitan Expressways with the model of road congestion.Finally, we consider some policies for solving congestion problems in the Metropolitan Expressways.

著者

中村 光毅 薮田 雅弘

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.3, pp.525-541, 2005 (Released:2007-06-01)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Recently, the environmental situation in many of developing countries has deteriorated. These countries have confronted with overcrowding population, environmental degradation and poverty. In this report, we shall concentrate our attention on the environment of common pool resources (CPRs), which are characterized by non-excludability and rivalness. Some environmental issues of CPRs are mainly due to externality of CPRs. We shall prove that the environmental and population-related problem should be solved from these aspects.In this paper, we first study several factors which affect the scale of population. Next, we shall set a hypothesis concerning the familism (the family system), which affects the size of family and the scale of population significantly. Moreover, we also hypothesize the existence of an optimum family size and an optimum population determined by an optimum family size. Then we study the issues both by theoretical approach and empirical analysis. Finally, we prove some conclusions about the population size to be consistent with environmental preservation.JEL classification : Q50, Q56

著者

江口 潜

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.1, pp.95-111, 2019 (Released:2019-10-26)

参考文献数

25

---

A region or town usually consists of mutually distinctive, heterogeneous areas or districts, such as “uptown” and “downtown,” or “East” and “West” of a river. In addition, it is common for local public goods/services for residents of such a region to be produced in a facility, like an incinerator, that is constructed in one of these distinctive areas within the region. Although local pubic goods/services produced at the facility are consumed equally by all residents of the region, some of these production costs, especially environmental costs, such as a noisy environment around the facility, are owed solely by the residents of the area in which the facility is sited but none are owed by those living in other areas. For this reason, when a government plans to construct a facility that produces local public goods/services in a region, a controversy often arises among residents about which area of the region the facility should be sited in. Residents usually agree on the necessity for a facility but oppose the siting of the facility in the area in which they reside, which makes the siting decision difficult. This type of difficulty in the siting decision of a public facility is called the “not in my back yard” (NIMBY) problem. Examples of public facilities generating the NIMBY problem include airports, public schools, and places to dispose of household trash within a community, thus, every region or town inevitably faces this problem. Therefore, it is an important task for researchers in regional sicence/urban economics to investigate this problem. In this study, we apply a duopoly model with vertical product differentiation of Motta (1993, Journal of Industrial Economics) to a region that has two heterogeneous residential areas, such as uptown and downtown, which constitute the residential market (i.e., rental housing market). In addition, we investigate how the residents of each area having heterogenous preferences for the environment of the residential area constitute their opinions when a NIMBY facility that inevitably worthens the environment of the sited area is going to be built in either of the two areas. The main results obtained are as follows. First, the opinions of the residents for the question of which area a NIMBY facility to be built are heterogeneous in both residential areas. Second, under some usual conditions, more than half of the residents of each area oppose the facility to be sited within the area they live in. These results suggest that a siting of a NIMBY facility brings among related areas a game-theoretic situation in which there is no Nash equilibrium solution in pure strategy, highlighting the difficulty of resolving NIMBY problems.JEL Classifications:D72, R53

著者

枝川 明敬

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.4, pp.355-370, 2016

---

<p>The reconstruction of local communities, including how to deal with problems of depopulation, has always been a major political issue in Japan. In order to tackle this issue, the government embarked on a "regional revitalization" project. The "Grand Design of National Spatial Development towards 2050," the core of Japan's national planning efforts, and the cultural strategy "Plan for the Revival of an Energetic Japan through Culture and Art" make it necessary to "foster an attachment toward the local community and make the best of the lifestyle and culture of the community, which are supported by tradition and creativity." Amid globalization in various areas and for regional revitalization and reconstruction, regional cultural activities can improve the creativity and energy of local communities and such regional cultural activities can become the source of regional revitalization.</p><p> I have studied folk cultural properties that have taken root in local communities almost every year since 2010, and previously discussed the situations of their conservation and extinction. During this process, I examined spontaneous development, in which folk cultural assets lead to regional identity and industrial and cultural resources unique to each region lead to citizen-driven development of local communities. This research is an extension of these surveys, and involves a nationwide sampling survey of high quality amateur and professional activities that have been subsidized by the Agency for Cultural Affairs and arts/culture development funds, carried out in 2014. The 190 amateur activities and 216 professional activities were compared in relation to migration and financial situations of local governments. As a result, I revealed that local governments that face depopulation or financial difficulties promote cultural activities more avidly. In 23 prefectures, which account for two thirds of the prefectures with a population of approximately 3 million, local cultural activities were initiated by the prefectural government. However, the national government's new subsidy through the "Communities, Sages & Jobs" policy, started from fiscal year 2016 to revitalize local communities, is expected to be ill-fitting for the actual conditions of the communities and not become a subsidy for cultural activities, because subsidies are small and include evaluation taxes that are unsuitable for cultural activities.</p><p>JEL Classification:H54, R51, R53, Z11</p>

著者

Cechella Cristiano Silva Joaquim Ramos Dentinho Tomaz Ponce

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.1, pp.41-52, 2009

被引用文献数

1

---

In recent decades, the world economy has undergone major changes, particularly with regard to trade and foreign direct investment. In view of this evolution, we need to review some basic assumptions of international economics. According to models based on the Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson seminal contribution, trade and foreign direct investment are taken as substitutes. Nevertheless this is not consensual. The purpose of this paper is thus to examine the links between trade and foreign direct investment through a gravitational model in the context of the present-day world economy. In the model, the explanatory variables of trade are the physical distances between countries, as proxy to transaction costs, their incomes, dummies for each country and standardized indicators of foreign investment attractiveness. The parameters to be estimated are the distance attrition, the coefficients associated with the foreign investment, and the dummies' coefficients, which can be seen as extra costs or benefits attributable to each country that are not explicit in the physical distance. Taking into account our findings, which favor the argument of substitutability, we draw some conclusions about the relationship between trade and foreign direct investment, with the aim of contributing to the ongoing theoretical debate.<br><br>JEL Classification: F13, R10

著者

目良 浩一

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.275-277, 1982-11-30 (Released:2008-10-23)

著者

目良 浩一

出版者

JAPAN SECTION OF THE REGIONAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.1-15, 1981-10-30 (Released:2008-10-10)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Upon reviewing previous models for predicting regional development impact of transportation investment, the author shows that most of the notable models did not pay due attention to the concept of location rent, despite its potential usefulness and theoretical justification.The author presents interim results of a model currently being developed. In this model, location rent is considered to be a representative indicator of accessibility to various opportunities. On the basis of actural interregional flow data of commodities, location rent has been derived, and its consistency with the observed land value has been tested. The results are a partial success. The derived location rent has been confirmed as an explanatory variable of the land value. But, it has also been shown that agglomeration has an overwhelming impact on land value.

著者

Fabiana FORTE Luigi Fusco GIRARD Peter NIJKAMP

出版者

JAPAN SECTION OF THE REGIONAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.4, pp.947-963, 2006 (Released:2007-06-01)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

6 16

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Creativeness is not only the trademark of successful entrepreneurship in a business environment, but is also a necessary ingredient for success and achievement in a complex policy system. The urban environment is one of the places ‘par excellence’ where creative ideas and actions can flourish, if they are supported by smart policy. Urban planning is one of the multi-faceted constellations that have triggered an uninterrupted attention in the literature after World War II. It has in recent years put creativeness high on the strategic agenda. This paper aims to offer new perspectives for strategic development of an urban system, on the basis of creative knowledge management that should induce innovative investment developments in an urban setting. The ultimate goal would be to make the city more attractive and thereby to contribute to urban welfare as a multi-attribute policy objective.The conceptual framework of the paper is elucidated by presenting an empirical comparative case study on Italian urban areas, with a major interest in Caserta (in the Campania region in Italy). The analytical framework deployed in this paper is based on recent multi-criteria methods.

著者

東本 靖史 岸 邦宏 劉 志鋼 佐藤 馨一

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.3, pp.575-587, 2006

被引用文献数

1

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Conventional traffic policies including TDM have attempted to switch commuters' transportation mode from the motorcar to public transportation mainly focusing on their outgoing trips. However, when commuters choose transportation modes for accessing the destinations, they consider not only the traffic service hours for their outgoing trips but also conditions for the return trips. The departure time of the final transport service and the number of bus services for evening hours are supposed to specially influence them to determine the transportation mode for their return trips. Suppose a case that although a person really wants to go to his office by bus, he cannot help commuting by car because the departure time of the last bus service for his return trip is too early for him.<br>To promote TDM policies to minimize motorcar traffic, transport planning considering commuters' convenience in their homeward trips is necessary.<br>The number of public bus users is being decreased year by year due to motorization development, which has seriously aggravated public bus earnings, meanwhile improvement of the level of public transport service is being demanded. Further the regulation of supply-demand adjustment of public bus services in Japan was abolished in 2002, and it realized free entry to bus service business and bus operators' discretional abolishment of bus lines.<br>The residents have been concerned if the bus deregulation might result in deterioration of the service quality level, specifically in discontinuance of unprofitable lines and a decrease in the no. of bus services. However, bus service businesses should be managed considering not only profitability but local needs as well.<br>Factors that are predominantly influential on users' evaluations on bus service quality are the service schedule, no. of services, and operation routes. Efficient bus service operation planning that takes into consideration local needs for these factors is indispensable toward the future.<br>This study focused on commuters' return trips whose details have not been fully identified, and through commuter's attitude surveys investigated co-relations between bus service availability improvement for commuters' return trips and their selection of transportation modes. Further, this study analyzed users' evaluations on bus service quality by the improved window method that applies DEA to identify efficiency values of the bus services by district and bus operation schedule for return trips.<br><br>JFL classification: C0, H0

著者

中内 寛

出版者

JAPAN SECTION OF THE REGIONAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.77-94, 1979-06-30 (Released:2008-10-10)

参考文献数

2

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In this paper, the growth process of 22 cities in Kyushu region through the Meiji, Taisho, and Showa era is discussed. The main purpose is to analyze the situation in which a city with its functions, affected by many other cities forming the region, could realize its substantial growth.To sum up, in Kyshu region, some historical central place cities have grown steadily since the Meiji era and selected ones, Fukuoka for example, showed accelerated growth in recent 20 years. Meanwhile, other central place cities realized relatively low growth because of the nearby larger central place cities which expanded the area of its influence gradually. Another group of newlyrisen cities (so called Shinko-toshi) grew rapidly through industrial revolution in Japan with its profitable location and resonrce endowment compared with other regions. But in post war period, especially since 1950s, these newly-risen cities reduced their growth rate and many of them declined substantially, losing merit so far as the changed national industrial structure concerned.

著者

枝川 明敬

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.4, pp.355-370, 2016 (Released:2017-06-07)

参考文献数

25

---

The reconstruction of local communities, including how to deal with problems of depopulation, has always been a major political issue in Japan. In order to tackle this issue, the government embarked on a “regional revitalization” project. The “Grand Design of National Spatial Development towards 2050,” the core of Japan’s national planning efforts, and the cultural strategy “Plan for the Revival of an Energetic Japan through Culture and Art” make it necessary to “foster an attachment toward the local community and make the best of the lifestyle and culture of the community, which are supported by tradition and creativity.” Amid globalization in various areas and for regional revitalization and reconstruction, regional cultural activities can improve the creativity and energy of local communities and such regional cultural activities can become the source of regional revitalization. I have studied folk cultural properties that have taken root in local communities almost every year since 2010, and previously discussed the situations of their conservation and extinction. During this process, I examined spontaneous development, in which folk cultural assets lead to regional identity and industrial and cultural resources unique to each region lead to citizen-driven development of local communities. This research is an extension of these surveys, and involves a nationwide sampling survey of high quality amateur and professional activities that have been subsidized by the Agency for Cultural Affairs and arts/culture development funds, carried out in 2014. The 190 amateur activities and 216 professional activities were compared in relation to migration and financial situations of local governments. As a result, I revealed that local governments that face depopulation or financial difficulties promote cultural activities more avidly. In 23 prefectures, which account for two thirds of the prefectures with a population of approximately 3 million, local cultural activities were initiated by the prefectural government. However, the national government’s new subsidy through the “Communities, Sages & Jobs” policy, started from fiscal year 2016 to revitalize local communities, is expected to be ill-fitting for the actual conditions of the communities and not become a subsidy for cultural activities, because subsidies are small and include evaluation taxes that are unsuitable for cultural activities.JEL Classification:H54, R51, R53, Z11

著者

林田 清明

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.205-206, 1998