著者

浅見 均 小美野 智紀

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.225-237, 2015 (Released:2016-02-25)

参考文献数

23

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Railways, including local railways, serve as a form of public transport, and public transport is a constituent element of social infrastructure that helps support the lives of passengers. While it can be said that railways exist for the sake of their passengers, the converse is not true. Sound railway management cannot be readily sustained without a considerable number of passengers. With Japan now facing a downturn in total population, ensuring a sufficient pool of potential passengers within station territories has become a significant business challenge for local railway lines in particular. Ensuring sufficient populations within station territories is a nearly impossible task for a railway business, necessitating some form of outside assistance. Following the abolition of supply-demand adjustment regulations in 2000, recent years have seen an increasing number of local railway companies undergo transfers of management, making case studies on management revitalization of local railway companies of substantial social importance. This case study focuses on management revitalization of the Takamatsu-Kotohira Electric Railroad (Kotoden) in the Takamatsu urban area by employing the following analysis techniques: 1) Factor analysis of Kotoden’s successful management revitalization and comparisons with the findings of case studies on the Kishigawa Line 2) Detailed GIS (Geographic Information System) based analysis of changes in the populations of station territories along Kotoden lines 3) Analysis of the relationships between Kotoden’s successful management revitalization and urban planning 4) Comparative analysis with other urban areas The authors are convinced that the findings of this case study offer valuable information on successful management revitalization of local railways, given that success in this instance can be attributed to the fact that Kotoden’s management revitalization was authorized in recognition of its value as a public transport provider in the context of urban planning for the Takamatsu urban area. This case study was also able to show the utility and importance of analyzing population changes in station territories using GIS (100 m mesh population data). This research further demonstrated that tripartite management by local governments along the Kotoden railway lines, residents living along these lines (passengers), and the railway company itself are all major factors in the success of the management revitalization undertaken by this local railway company.JEL Classifications:O18, R14, R42

著者

小澤 卓

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.215-230, 2005 (Released:2007-06-01)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

9 10

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Landfill exhaustion is important problem on the industry waste management for the local governments but it still remains unsettled. We have so far confronted an exhaustion problem of landfill due to a rapid industrialization. According to the Hotelling rule, it is inevitable that such an exhaustion of landfill will cause its service price to increase. We adapt Hotelling rule to the landfill-tipping fee.In this paper, we consider the case of Tokyo and other prefecture by using the Tokyo's interregional Input-Output table analysis. It is clear that the waste disposal as well as the landfill-use in Tokyo mainly relies on other prefectures. We also study an optimal landfill policy as well as a suitable local environmental policy, and then analyze the effect of industrial and economic impact on the long run situation. Moreover, we compare the flexible tax system following the Hotelling rule to a traditional taxation policy and confirm its incentive effective on reducing wastes in Tokyo.

著者

平井 拓己

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.4, pp.1017-1029, 2006 (Released:2007-06-06)

参考文献数

16

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Loss of corporate headquarters from Osaka, the second largest city in Japan, to other cities has been a longstanding issue since 1960s. A considerable number of Osaka-based corporations have shifted their headquarters, or establish Tokyo headquarter while leaving Osaka headquarter in a ritual sense, which is unique situation in the international comparison among other second largest cities. This phenomenon is significant to the local economy, as loss of decision-making function affects the demand to local small businesses, as well as it deprives the capability of new business creation. Although there is no panacea to the problem, the local government faces the necessity to tackle the issue. With quantitatively identifying the shift of corporate headquarters in Osaka, this article attempts to examine changes in trends and factors of such shifts since 1980s, including a view of actual location of corporate executives and analysis by office functions. The research implies ongoing gradual shift of headquarter functions, driven by the needs of pursuing larger market and information gathering. Though it appears to be difficult to recover corporate headquarters already lost, it requires the local government policy to create incentives to provide economic rationality enough to attract headquarter functions.JEL classification: R11, R39, R58

著者

光多 長温 後藤 和雄 宍戸 駿太郎

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.3, pp.705-719, 2011 (Released:2012-03-07)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1 1

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This paper analyzes trends in demographic shift from regional areas to large metropolitan areas, and economic factors resulting from this demographic shift. First, we analyzed the status of demographic shifts between the large metropolitan areas of Tokyo, Osaka and Aichi Prefectures, and then other individual prefectures for 5-year periods starting from 1970, 1980, 1990 and 2000, and for age segments of 5-14, 20-24, 25-64 and over 65 years. As a result, we observed population inflow from regional areas to the large metropolitan areas in Tokyo and Osaka Prefectures for the age segments up to 24 years old and population outflow from large metropolitan areas to regional areas for the age segments of 25-64 years, except for the period starting from 1970. As for Aichi Prefecture, the trends of population inflow from regional to metropolitan areas was observed since 1990 for the age segments above 25 years as well as the age segments up to 24 yearsNext, we extracted “inflow populations to Tokyo, Osaka and Aichi Prefectures from other individual prefectures” as the ratio of inflow/outflow populations to each prefecture's population and “regional economic factors constituting the regional economy” as the ratio of each prefecture's factors against Tokyo, Osaka and Aichi Prefectures for the above-mentioned periods, and conducted attribution analyses with a multiple regression analysis approach. As for regional economic factors, we adopted 13 factors including industrial composition ratio, administrative investment, academic background index, sales turnover in retail industry that resulted in the economic factors attributing to demographic shifts for each period. The factors affecting the three large metropolitan areas most were the “tertiary industry ratio” , “industrial shipment value”, “administrative investment value” and “retail sales value”. To control population outflows from regional areas to large metropolitan areas in the future, upgrading industrial structure, turning from a reliance on public works and improving intellectual levels should be important.JEL Classification: R00, R1

著者

畑山 満則 萩原 良巳

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.3, pp.667-679, 2005 (Released:2007-06-01)

参考文献数

14

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About the time at Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, the Hanaore, Nishiyama, and Obaku fault that pass through urban area in Kyoto city have been activate, so it is necessary to act against the huge disaster in the urban area, Kyoto city. Especially from the experience of Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, waterside natural open-spaces are essential not only for providing natural amenities, but also for evacuation in the case of earthquake disasters in urban area.In this paper, we first explain waterside historical transition in urban area, Kyoto city, in order to check the lost watersides which are the potential of water side creation for mitigation of earthquake disaster risk. Secondly we consider Horikawa River Waterside Development Plan as an implementation of waterside reborn for earthquake disaster risk mitigation. Through the analysis of interview survey intended for senior person living in the target area, we know inactivation of the community of target area. Because it is necessary to activate regional community for planned waterside which function as the disaster risk mitigation, we consider the way to increase regional disaster prevention capacity based on community activity to implement disaster mitigation functions which waterside natural open-spaces have.JEL classification : Z13, Z12

著者

茅 国平

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.1, pp.79-97, 1994-12-30 (Released:2008-10-10)

参考文献数

8

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There are a lot of studies which analyse the information economy and the information industry in the developed countries. But, a few in the developing countries. This paper tries to analyse the information economy and the information industry in Shanghai by the I/O method. Besed on the priciples about the division of information industries, we summarize information industries in Shanghai into 15 sectors. Besed on the division, we calculate and analyse the I/O table of Shanghai in 1987. Meanwhile, we compare Shanghai information industries with Japan information industries. We point out the characteristics of Shanghai information economy. Finally, we suggest some directions to which Shanghai information economy should be oriented.

著者

浅田 甚作

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.73-86, 1998-12-30 (Released:2008-10-10)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1

---

The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the growth factor of regional economies (=47 prefectural economies) in Japan between 1975 and 1990.According to the result of the analysis, capital leading type is the most, that is 24 prefectures. TFP (Total Factor Productivity) leading type is 18 prefectures, capital and TFP leading type is 4 prefectures. Labor leading type is only one. In this connection, as for the growth factor in the average of all prefectures, the rate of the capital contribution is 40.7%, and the rate of the labor contribution is 16.1%, and the rate of TFP contribution is 43.2%.Next, I pay attention to the rate of TFP growth in 47 prefectures. The higher rate region is Siga (annual 3.03%), Chiba (2.91%), Okayama (2.17%), after all 17 prefectures are higher than the rate of TFP growth in the average of all prefectures. The other side, the lower rate region is Wakayama (-0.07%), Okinawa (0.51%), Nagasaki (0.62%).The difference between higher rate regions and lower rate regions about the rate of TFP growth is deeply related to the weight of the manufacturing at each regional economies.

著者

青柳 真樹

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, pp.57-74, 1988-10-31 (Released:2008-10-10)

参考文献数

17

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This paper analytically investigates the validity of Eaton and Lipsey's (1976) conjecture that there exist more than one equilibrium configurations in an infinite two-dimensional market. The competition considered here is under the assumptions of (i) an infinite two-dimensional market, (ii) fixed and identical mill price for all firms, (iii) evenly spreading consumers endowed with inelastic demand functions, (iv) firm's zero conjectural variation. etc.It is scrutinized whether or not several configurations of the firms in a two-dimensional market are in Nash equilibrium, and among which regular hexagonal configuration and regular square configuration are proved to be in equilibrium.Comparison between equilibrium configurations of one-dimensional and two-dimensional markets shows that they are qualitatively different in terms of “strength of equilibrium” and “social optimality”.

著者

浅見 均

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.4, pp.1077-1087, 2009 (Released:2010-04-12)

参考文献数

53

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This paper deals with the effects of reduction of CO2 emission by a Modal Shift from road transport to railway as a result of Transportation Demand Management (TDM). In Toyota City, roads are seriously congested because of commuter traffic by private cars. Local governments, companies and people in and around Toyota City are concerned about TDM to improve the road conditions. Double tracking of the Aichi Loop Railway (from Mikawa-Toyota to Shin-Toyota; 3.6 km), an important option of TDM, has been completed. This project has increased transportation capacity, 4 shuttle trains per hour have been operating since March 15, 2008. It is expected that 4,000 commuting passengers will shift from road traffic to the railway. The Model Shift will reduce CO2 emissions from transportation by private cars at least 1,500 ton per year. This project has been succeeded, 1,000-2,850 number of commuter passengers have been modal-shifted from private car to railway.JFL Classification: Q51, R41

著者

沖山 充

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.1, pp.171-172, 2022 (Released:2022-10-22)

著者

鈴木 聡士 Peter NIJKAMP Piet RIETVELD

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.1041-1053, 2008 (Released:2009-04-30)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

3 6

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Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) has become an established approach in the analysis of efficiency problems in both public and private sectors. The aim of this paper is to present a newly developed Distance Friction Minimization (DFM) approach based on the BCC (Banker-Charnes-Cooper) model in order to provide an appropriate efficiency-improving projection model in DEA. In this approach a generalized distance friction will be developed to assist a Decision Making Unit (DMU) in improving its efficiency by a proper movement towards the efficiency frontier surface. Our DFM model is based on a generalized distance friction function and serves to assist a DMU in improving its performance by a proper movement towards the efficiency frontier surface. Standard DEA models use a uniform input reduction or a uniform output augmentation in the improvement projections, but our DFM approach aims to generate a new contribution to efficiency enhancement strategies by deploying a weighted projection function, while it may address both input reduction and output augmentation as a strategy of a DMU. A suitable form of multidimensional projection functions mapping out efficiency improvement is given by a Multiple Objective Quadratic Programming (MOQP) model in conformity with a Euclidean distance. The above-mentioned extended DEA model will be empirically illustrated by using a data set on government-ordinance-designated cities in Japan, where the aim is to increase the efficiency of administration management in these cities, based on various input and output performance characteristics of these cities.JFL classification: C44, C61, H72

著者

浅田 統一郎

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.243-245, 2016 (Released:2016-11-19)

参考文献数

2

著者

大久保 彩子

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.1, pp.263-276, 2007 (Released:2007-10-02)

参考文献数

16

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This article analyses inter-linkage among regimes related to regulation of whaling and deliberates on the implications for Japanese whaling policy in the future. International regulation of whaling consists of not only the International Whaling Commission (IWC), but also the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CITES), and relevant regional regulatory regimes. This article shows that linkage between UNCLOS and IWC generated synergistic effect and further promoted another linkage between UNCLOS and North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission (NAMMCO). Based on the result of the analysis, the implications for whaling diplomacy of the government of Japan were derived. Since the adoption of a moratorium on commercial whaling in 1982, regulation of whaling under IWC emphasized protection of whale stocks, rather than utilization of the resource. Japan argued that such situation of IWC goes against the objective of the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling. On that ground, Japanese delegation states that withdrawal from the IWC is an option. However, even if Japan withdraws from the IWC, it will not mean that Japan can resume commercial whaling at her own discretion. In the case of withdrawal from IWC, how to fulfill the requirement of UNCLOS—to work through appropriate international organizations for conservation, management and study of cetaceans—will be a problem. Not only resumption of commercial whaling, but also the continuation of scientific whaling in Antarctic will raise the same problem. An option for appropriate international organization would be Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR), although in-depth consideration of policy inter-linkage and compatibility between scientific activities under CCAMLR and scientific whaling is necessary.JEL classification: Q22, Q28, R59

著者

根木 昭

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.3, pp.345-346, 2003-12-31 (Released:2008-10-23)

著者

伊藤 薫

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.19-36, 1992-12-20 (Released:2008-10-10)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1

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On the study of internal migration in postwar Japan, migration between rural and urban areas has been studied rigorously. But there are quite few studies about the migration between major metropolitan areas in spite of its importance.Based on the Japanese prefectural data for 1955-90, this paper treats two major subjects. The first is to deduce the properties of migration from the actual movement between any two of three major metropolitan areas, (Tokyo, Oosaka and Nagoya major metropolitan areas). The second is to analyse the relationship between net migration of inter major metropolitan areas and regional economic differentials.The results of our analysis is summarized as follows.Firstly the proportion of inter major metropolitan migrants to all inter prefectural migrants has been increasing steadily.Secondly all net migration of each metropolitan areas has been strongly influenced by the excess of inflow to outflow of other major metropolitan areas, especialy after the first oil crisis than before.Thirdly both metropolitan/non-metropolitan per capita disposal income differentials and employee growth rate differentials have a strong positive correlation to the rate of net migration. But those differentials between Tokyo and other metropolitan areas have a weak positive correlation to the rate of net migration. On the case of the migration between metropolitan areas, it seems that employee growth rate differentials have a stronger effect to net migration rate than per capita disposal income differentials.

著者

阿部 宏史 谷口 守 新家 誠憲 岸田 康治

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.1, pp.185-201, 2004-10-30 (Released:2008-10-10)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

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The first highway in Japan was opened in July 1963 between Ritto and Amagasaki with the length of 71km. The total length of highway in Japan reached 7, 236km in August 2003. The highway construction has become a crucial issue in the recent Government reformation under the sever conditions of Japanese economy and national finance.However, the provision of highway brings about various positive economic effects in the surrounding areas, such as the new location of industries, the rationalization of distribution systems, the promotion of tourism and the improvement of living conditions. It is obvious that the rapid growth of Japanese economy has been supported by the construction of highway network since 1960s. Therefore, a long-term impact analysis, which considers the changes in regional economic structures, passenger flows and commodity flows, is necessary to identify the exact outcome of highway construction projects.This paper aims to examine the long-term impact of highway network construction on the travel time between 46 prefectures in Japan and their effect on the inter-prefectural commodity flows. The outcomes of highway network provision have been measured with the changes in the shortest travel time by car between prefectures and the surplus for commodity flows induced by the improvement of travel time.The empirical study has been conducted for years 1975-2000. The main findings have revealed that the trunk highway construction during 1975-80 had brought about a significant improvement of travel time and surplus for commodity flows in the metropolitan regions. The improvement in local regions appeared after 1980s. The highest improvement for commodity flows had been achieved between 1995 and 2000 when the local highways connected to the trunk network. The fact has revealed that the formation of highway network in local regions is effective to improve the conditions of commodity flow in the whole nation.

著者

斎藤 参郎 岩見 昌邦 中嶋 貴昭 初 暁楠

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.1, pp.223-239, 2006 (Released:2007-06-05)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

4 5

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We already have conducted on-site surveys on daily shopping behavior in Shanghai, Taipei, and Fukuoka City and reported elsewhere the characteristics of daily shopping behavior of consumers in Shanghai and Taipei cities. However, we have yet to compare the characteristics of consumers among these three cities.This paper aims to compare the characteristics of daily shopping behaviors of consumers among these three cities to explore their similarities and differences. The on-site interview surveys that have been conduced for shoppers at shopping establishments in these three cities are designed to compare daily shopping behaviors of consumers among different countries. For the purpose, first we pick up seven typical commodities that cover daily shopping behaviors: fresh foods, general foods, home electric appliance, household utensils, personal belongings, street clothes, and home clothes. Second, we classify their shopping destination into seven retail categories: department store, suburban shopping center, specialty store, supermarket, convenience store, neighborhood shopping street, and market. In the interview surveys, we asked the respondents how often they go shopping to buy these typical commodities, at what destination they buy them, and how much they spend on them per each shopping trip. Besides these seven commodities we also asked the respondents about their eating out behaviors with respect to how often they go eating out and how much per eating out they spend.With this descriptive framework we compare the similarities and difference of daily shopping behaviors of consumers in three cities in terms of shopping trip frequency, destination retail categories, and expenditure per shopping trip for each of seven commodities and eating out behavior. Furthermore, dividing the respondents in three age groups at the age of 10s and 20s, 30s and 40s, and over 50s, we also apply the above same analyses to these three age groups to explore how consumer behaviors change generation to generation.Major findings are as follows: To buy fresh foods, almost all consumes in Fukuoka go to supermarket while those in Shanghai and Taipei use traditional markets. For all three cities, the older the age of consumers the more frequent shoppers they become for fresh foods, while the opposite is true for street clothes.JEL classification: D12, R10

著者

坂本 博

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.4, pp.927-939, 2009 (Released:2010-04-12)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1 2

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This study is a statistical disparity analysis of the wages of the staff and working (Zhigong) class in China. The Chinese government strictly controlled the wage system of state owned enterprises before the reform and opening of China. However, this system is gradually being reformed and each enterprise can independently decide their own wage system. As a result, the wage disparity has expanded since the reform and opening of China. In 2006, the staff and workers (Zhigong) were 110 million people, which is about 14.6 percent of the workers and about 8.5 percent of the population of China. To understand the recent wage disparities in China, disparity was estimated with a one stage Mean Logarithm Deviation Decomposition Index and from two directions in the decomposition pattern of disparity across region and industrial sector. Several findings are presented in this paper. First, a rapid expansion of disparity occurred during the measurement period. The index was below 0.02 at the start and increased to about 0.08 at the end. Second, the main factor of disparity gradually changed from regional disparity to sector disparity. Third, the regional disparity in each sector expanded in the higher value sectors but decreased in the agriculture and industry sectors. Fourth, the tendencies in the disparity of each sector in each region differed. From these results, wage disparity is a very serious problem in China. Therefore, several difficult correspondences are required from the government to reduce various disparities in the future.JEL classification: J31, O5

著者

田島 正士

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.4, pp.467-479, 2014 (Released:2015-06-03)

参考文献数

22

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This paper discusses the bad reputation effect of processed food brought about by the Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011. Although various discussions have focused on the economic and other impacts of the disaster, unfortunately the bad reputation effect has not been adequately dealt with. This paper analyses the relationships between the distance from the nuclear power plant to the production place and the prices of the same processed food produced in different places.JEL Classification: H23, O13, Q43, Q51

著者

渡辺 泰弘

出版者

日本地域学会

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.2, pp.329-346, 2022 (Released:2023-03-10)

参考文献数

59

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Hiroshima is one city in Japan with a high level of sport spectatorship. When cities with sport-related resources recognize the importance of building place attachment among local residents through sport teams as a community bonding resource, activities to attract more event attendees or local residents using their professional sport teams activities can be encouraged. In addition, psychologically, local residents develop a strong bond with local sport teams based on their accumulated experiences. Generally speaking, some findings confirm that team image is a critical factor leading to place attachment. However, studies that verify these findings are lacking. This study was conducted in two major professional sport settings:professional baseball and professional basketball. First, data was collected from spectators attending a home game of the professional basketball team, the Hiroshima Dragonflies. From the 330 questionnaires distributed, 292 usable questionnaires were collected, data for 248 respondents excluding 44 out-of-prefecture residents were used. For the baseball sample, data was collected from spectators attending a professional baseball game at Mazda Zoom-Zoom Stadium. Questionnaires were distributed to individuals in the stadium at the end of the game. From the 1,000 questionnaires distributed, 241 usable questionnaires were collected, data for 188 respondents excluding 53 out-of-prefecture residents were used. Findings revealed that both teams showed place attachment affects the quality of team image. For the Dragonflies, high and low team identification were shown to affect place attachment. For the Carp, the interactions between team image and team identification significantly affected place attachment, with lower team identification increasing place attachment more than a positive team image. The results suggest that improving team image may increase place attachment among spectators with low team identification. From the standpoint of a regional sports team that claims to be community-based, there is a need for two-way direct and indirect exchanges that deepen ties through social contribution activities and other initiatives to connect with the community, as well as proactive acceptance of support and assistance activities from local residents. In conclusion, (1) team image is related to place attachment, and (2) team identification may play a role as a moderating variable for enhancing place attachment due to unique team attributes.JEL Classifications:L83, Z29, M31, R11, D91