著者

Tomomi Masumitsu Takuro Kubozono Masaaki Miyata Hyuma Makizako Takayuki Tabira Toshihiro Takenaka Shin Kawasoe Akihiro Tokushige Sayoko Niwa Mitsuru Ohishi

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.63594, (Released:2022-06-24)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

2

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Aim: This study aims to investigate the association of the Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) with self-reported sleep duration and sleep quality in community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 65 years. Methods: The Tarumizu Study was a cohort of community-based health checkups conducted in the Tarumizu City, Japan, in 2018 and 2019. In total, 997 participants aged ≥ 65 years (median age, 74 years) were examined. We obtained the average sleep duration and sleep quality using self-reported questionnaires and classified them into three separate groups according to sleep duration (<6 h, 6–8 h, and ≥ 8 h) and sleep quality (good, medium, and poor). The arterial stiffness was measured using the CAVI. Results: As per our findings, the CAVI was significantly higher in the ≥ 8 h sleep group (CAVI=9.6±1.3) than in the <6 h (CAVI=9.1±1.1) or 6–8 h (CAVI=9.1±1.2) groups (p<0.001). After adjustment for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, current smoking status, body mass index, frequency of exercise, educational background, frailty, sleep medication, sleep quality, and nap duration, multivariable regression analysis demonstrated that the CAVI was significantly higher in the ≥ 8 h group than in the 6–8 h group (p=0.016). In contrast, multivariable regression analysis showed that there was no significant association between sleep quality and CAVI. Conclusions: A significant association was noted between long sleep duration (≥ 8 h) and elevated CAVI in community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 65 years. We, therefore, suggest that long sleep duration, not sleep quality, is correlated with arterial stiffness in older adults.

著者

Arief Rahadian Daiju Fukuda Hotimah Masdan Salim Shusuke Yagi Kenya Kusunose Hirotsugu Yamada Takeshi Soeki Masataka Sata

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.11, pp.1141-1151, 2020-11-01 (Released:2020-11-01)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

22 43

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Aim: Recent studies have demonstrated that selective sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) reduce cardiovascular events, although their mechanism remains obscure. We examined the effect of canagliflozin, an SGLT2i, on atherogenesis and investigated its underlying mechanism. Method: Canagliflozin (30 mg/kg/day) was administered by gavage to streptozotocin-induced diabetic apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice. Sudan IV staining was performed at the aortic arch. Immunostaining, quantitative RT-PCR, and vascular reactivity assay were performed using the aorta. In vitro experiments using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were also performed. Result: Canagliflozin decreased blood glucose (P<0.001) and total cholesterol (P<0.05) levels. Sudan IV staining showed that 12-week canagliflozin treatment decreased atherosclerotic lesions (P<0.05). Further, 8-week canagliflozin treatment ameliorated endothelial dysfunction, as determined by acetylcholine-induced vasodilation (P<0.05), and significantly reduced the expressions of inflammatory molecules such as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the aorta at the RNA and protein levels. Canagliflozin also reduced the expressions of NADPH oxidase subunits such as NOX2 and p22phox in the aorta and reduced urinary excretion of 8-OHdG, suggesting a reduction in oxidative stress. Methylglyoxal, a precursor of advanced glycation end products, increased the expressions of ICAM-1 and p22phox in HUVECs (P<0.05, both). Methylglyoxal also decreased the phosphorylation of eNOSSer1177 and Akt but increased the phosphorylation of eNOSThr495 and p38 MAPK in HUVECs. Conclusion: Canagliflozin prevents endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis in diabetic ApoE-/- mice. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative potential due to reduced glucose toxicity to endothelial cells might be its underlying mechanisms.

著者

Kazuki Shiina Takamichi Takahashi Hiroki Nakano Masatsune Fujii Yoichi Iwasaki Chisa Matsumoto Akira Yamashina Taishiro Chikamori Hirofumi Tomiyama

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.63544, (Released:2022-04-28)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

2

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Aims: This prospective observational study, which utilized repeated annual measurements performed over a 9-year period, applied mixed model analyses to examine age-related differences in longitudinal associations between alcohol intake and arterial stiffness, pressure wave reflection, and inflammation. Methods: In 4016 middle-aged (43±9 years) healthy Japanese male employees, alcohol intake, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), radial augmentation index (rAI), and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured annually during a 9-year study period. Results: The estimated marginal mean baPWV (non-drinkers=1306 cm/s, mild–moderate drinkers=1311 cm/s, and heavy drinkers=1337 cm/s, P<0.01) and that of rAI showed significant stepped increases in an alcohol dose-dependent manner in the entire cohort, but an increase in rAI was not observed in subjects aged ≥ 50 years. The estimated slope of the annual increase in baPWV, but not rAI, was higher for heavy drinkers than for non-drinkers (slope difference, 1.84; P<0.05), especially for subjects aged <50 years (slope difference, 2.84; P<0.05). Conclusion: In middle-aged male Japanese employees, alcohol intake may attenuate inflammatory activity. While alcohol intake may exacerbate the progression of arterial stiffening in a dose-dependent manner without mediating inflammation, especially in subjects under 50 years of age, it may promote pressure wave reflection abnormalities with aging at earlier ages without further exacerbation at older ages.

著者

Masayuki Teramoto Kazumasa Yamagishi Renzhe Cui Kokoro Shirai Akiko Tamakoshi Hiroyasu Iso

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.63452, (Released:2022-04-13)

参考文献数

29

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Aim: We aimed to examine the impact of overweight and obesity on mortality from nonrheumatic aortic valve disease. Methods: In the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, we analyzed data of 98,378 participants aged 40–79 years, with no history of coronary heart disease, stroke, or cancer at baseline (1988–1990) and who completed a lifestyle questionnaire including height and body weight; they were followed for mortality until the end of 2009. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of nonrheumatic aortic valve disease mortality according to body mass index (BMI) after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Results: During the median 19.2 years follow-up, 60 deaths from nonrheumatic aortic valve disease were reported. BMI was positively associated with the risk of mortality from nonrheumatic aortic valve disease; the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) were 0.90 (0.40–2.06) for persons with BMI <21 kg/m2 , 1.71 (0.81–3.58) for BMI 23–24.9 kg/m2 , 1.65 (0.69–3.94) for BMI 25–26.9 kg/m2 , and 2.83 (1.20–6.65) for BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2 (p for trend=0.006), compared with persons with BMI 21–22.9 kg/m2 . Similar associations were observed between men and women (p for interaction=0.56). Excluding those who died during the first ten years of follow-up or a competing risk analysis with other causes of death as competing risk events did not change the association materially. Conclusions: Overweight and obesity may be independent risk factors for nonrheumatic aortic valve disease mortality in Asian populations.

著者

Takahiro Sawada Kenzo Uzu Naoko Hashimoto Tetsuari Onishi Tomofumi Takaya Akira Shimane Yasuyo Taniguchi Yoshinori Yasaka Takeshi Ohara Hiroya Kawai

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.7, pp.644-656, 2020-07-01 (Released:2020-07-01)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

19 26

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Aim: So far, the mechanisms behind the cardiovascular benefits of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have not been fully clarified. Methods: In order to evaluate the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on systemic hemodynamics, glucose metabolism, lipid profile, and endothelial function, 50 diabetic patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD) were included in this analysis and were given empagliflozin 10 mg/d. Cookie meal testing (carbohydrates: 75 g, fats: 28.5 g), endothelial function testing using flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), and body composition evaluation were performed before and after six months of treatment. Changes in %FMD between the treatment periods and its association with metabolic biomarkers were evaluated. Results: After six months of treatment, the body weight and body fat percentage decreased significantly, while the body muscle percentage increased significantly. The hemoglobin A1c level and fasting and postprandial plasma glucose levels were significantly decreased with treatment. Postprandial insulin secretion was also significantly suppressed and the insulin resistance index was significantly decreased. Furthermore, the fasting and postprandial triglyceride (TG) levels decreased significantly, while total ketone bodies increased significantly after the six-month treatment. While the plasma brain natriuretic peptide level was not changed, the C-reactive protein level was decreased and FMD was significantly improved after the six-month treatment. Multiple regression analysis showed that the strongest predictive factor of FMD improvement is change in the plasma TG levels. Conclusion: SGLT2 inhibitors improve multiple metabolic parameters. Of these, a reduction in plasma TGs was strongly associated with endothelial function recovery in diabetic patients with CAD, and this reduction may be related to the cardiovascular benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors.

著者

Takanori Honda Yuki Ishida Masaaki Oda Kenichi Noguchi Sanmei Chen Satoko Sakata Emi Oishi Yoshihiko Furuta Daigo Yoshida Yoichiro Hirakawa Jun Hata Takanari Kitazono Toshiharu Ninomiya

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.2, pp.252-267, 2022-02-01 (Released:2022-02-01)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

3 6

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Aim: We investigated the influence of weight change on concurrent changes in predicted cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and individual CVD risk factors over time. Methods: A total of 2,140 community-dwellers aged 40–74 years participated in both 2002 and 2007 health examinations. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2. Weight trajectories were classified as: “stable obese” (obese at both examinations), “obese to nonobese” (obese in 2002 but nonobese in 2007), “nonobese to obese” (nonobese in 2002 but obese in 2007), or “stable nonobese” (nonobese at both examinations). We compared changes in the model-predicted risk for CVD and individual CVD risk factors across weight-change categories. Results: The predicted risk for CVD increased during 5 years in all groups; the increment in the predicted risk for CVD was smallest in the obese to nonobese participants and steepest in the nonobese to obese subjects. Compared with the stable obese participants, the obese to nonobese participants had greater favorable changes in waist circumferences, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and liver enzymes. For all these parameters, opposite trends were observed when comparing the nonobese to obese participants with the stable nonobese group. Conclusions: We demonstrated the favorable association of losing weight in obese people and avoiding excessive weight gain in nonobese people with global risk of future CVD and individual CVD risk factors in a real-world setting. The findings could improve behavioral lifestyle interventions that provide information on the health consequences of weight change at health checkups.

著者

Seiji Umemoto Uran Onaka Reo Kawano Atsuko Kawamura Sayaka Motoi Naoki Honda Hiroki Kanazashi Makoto Mitarai

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.2, pp.152-173, 2022-02-01 (Released:2022-02-01)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

1 7

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Aim: The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is recommended for lowering blood pressure (BP). Our previous single-arm trial revealed that the Japanese cuisine-based DASH (J-DASH) diet (supplying NaCl 8.0 g per day) reduced BP and improved cardiometabolic biomarkers. The present study’s primary objective was to test the feasibility of the J-DASH diet based on its effects on the BP and BP variability of subjects with untreated high-normal BP or stage 1 hypertension. Methods: The 6-month study period was held from December 2015 to August 2016. The participants were recruited through advertisements in local newspapers and our website and from among randomized participants at Yamaguchi University Hospital. The 2-month treatments included the following: the J-DASH-1 diet 1×/day or the J-DASH-2 diet providing a fish hamburger-patty 2×/day (5 days/week respectively). The control group consumed their usual diets. For the subsequent 4 months, all participants consumed their usual diets. The main outcome measure was the feasibility of the J-DASH diet. We also collected the data of clinic BP and home BP (by automatic BP monitor), cardiometabolic biomarkers, and lifestyle and psychosocial parameters during the intervention phase. We examined behavior changes throughout the study period, and the diets’ safety. Results: Fifty-one participants were recruited; following screening, 48 met the inclusion criteria and were randomized by central allocation. Eight participants were eliminated based on exclusion criteria, and the 40 participants were randomly allocated to the J-DASH 1 and J-DASH 2 groups ( n=13 each) and the usual-diet group (n=14). The participants’ mean age was 50 years, and 44% were women. The three groups’ clinic BP values were not significantly different, but the home BP values were lower in the J-DASH 1 group and lowest in the J-DASH 2 group compared to the usual-diet group and differed significantly among the three groups throughout the study period (p<0.0001). The home BP variability was significantly lower in the J-DASH groups compared to the usual-diet group throughout the study period ( p<0.01). The other indices including fish oil showed little differences among the groups throughout the study period. Conclusions: The J-DASH diet was feasible to improve home BP and stabilize its variability, and it did so more effectively than the participants’ usual diets.

著者

Miwako Maeda Tomoki Maeda Kenji Ihara

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.63056, (Released:2022-01-29)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

4

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Aims: We assessed 27-year trends in obesity and blood lipid levels of 10-year-old children to estimate the risk of metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Methods: Based on a screening program for lifestyle-related diseases in school children in Oita City, Japan, we evaluated secular trends in height, weight, percentage of overweight (POW), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), and non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C) of fifth graders (median age: 10.8 years) in Oita City from 1991 to 2017. We focused on the secular trend in the percentage of children with inappropriate serum levels of each lipid. We also evaluated the long-term trends in the 95th, 50th, and 5th percentiles for each parameter, as dependent variables, with the calendar year as an independent variable. Percentages of children with mild obesity (POW-20), moderate obesity (POW-30), and severe obesity (POW-50) were set as dependent variables. Results: A total of 58,699 boys and 56,864 girls were evaluated during the study period. The percentage of children with severe obesity (POW-50) consistently increased during these years, and the 95th percentile of degree of obesity significantly increased in both boys and girls. The plot of percentages of children with inappropriate levels of TC, TG, and non-HDL-C showed a mild inverted U shape during the study period. The HDL-C level typically decreased in the study period, and the TC, TG, and non-HDL-C levels were markedly higher while the HDL level was lower in obese children than in non-obese children. Conclusion: The number of children with severe obesity increased, and obese children had higher percentages of inappropriate lipid levels than non-obese children. The rate of dyslipidemia with low HDL levels gradually increased in all children in Oita City, Japan, over the past 27 years.

著者

Ouyang Meishuo Ehab S. Eshak Isao Muraki Renzhe Cui Kokoro Shirai Hiroyasu Iso Akiko Tamakoshi

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.63195, (Released:2022-01-26)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

10

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Aim: Manganese (Mn) is an essential element in the human body, and it has a significant impact on cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels. However, no research has been conducted on the association between Mn and cardiovascular disease (CVD), to the best of our knowledge. This study thus examined the association between dietary Mn intake and CVD mortality in the general Japanese population.Methods: The CVD mortality among 58,782 participants from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC) aged 40–79 years was determined during a median follow-up period of 16.5 years. The Mn intake was estimated using a food frequency questionnaire at the baseline (1989–1990), and multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality were computed according to quintiles of energy-adjusted Mn intake. Results: During the follow-up period, a total of 3408 CVD deaths were recorded. Participants in the highest quintile of Mn intake had a lower risk of mortality from total stroke (HR:95% CI, 0.76: 0.64–0.90), ischemic stroke (HR: 0.77, 0.61–0.97), ischemic heart disease (HR: 0.76, 0.58–0.98), and total CVD (HR: 0.86, 0.76–0.96) compared with those in the lowest quintile. The reduced risk of mortality from intraparenchymal hemorrhage with high Mn intake was observed among women (HR: 0.60, 0.37–0.96) but not men (HR: 0.93, 0.59–1.47). The observed associations were more robust in postmenopausal than in premenopausal women. Conclusions: Our study is the first to show the prospective association between dietary Mn intake and reduced risk of mortality from CVD in the Japanese population.

著者

Jiaqi Li Yoshihiro Kokubo Ahmed Arafa Haytham A. Sheerah Makoto Watanabe Yoko M. Nakao Kyoko Honda-Kohmo Rena Kashima Yukie Sakai Emi Watanabe Masayuki Teramoto Tomoharu Dohi Masatoshi Koga

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.63317, (Released:2022-01-15)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

6

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Aims: This study aimed to investigate the association of mild hypertensive retinopathy with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Methods: A total of 7,027 residents aged 30–79 years without a history of CVD participated in the annual health checkups and retinal photography assessments. Retinal microvascular abnormalities were graded using the standard protocols and classified according to the Keith–Wagener–Barker classification. Mild hypertensive retinopathy was defined as grades 1 and 2. Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for total CVD and its subtypes according to the presence and absence of mild hypertensive retinopathy. Results: During a median follow-up of 17 years, 351 incident stroke and 247 coronary heart disease (CHD) cases were diagnosed. After adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, mild hypertensive retinopathy was positively associated with risk of CVD (multivariable HR=1.24; 95% CI, 1.04–1.49) and stroke (1.28; 1.01–1.62) but not with risk of CHD (1.19; 0.89–1.58). Generalized arteriolar narrowing and enhanced arteriolar wall reflex were positively associated with CVD risk, the multivariable HR (95% CI) was 1.24 (1.00– 1.54)and 1.33 (1.02–1.74), respectively. Moreover, mild hypertensive retinopathy was positively associated with stroke risk in normotensive participants. Conclusion: Mild hypertensive retinopathy was positively associated with CVD and stroke risk in the urban Japanese population. Especially, generalized arteriolar narrowing and enhanced arteriolar wall reflex were positively associated with CVD risk. These findings suggested that retinal photography could be helpful for cardiovascular risk stratification in the primary cardiovascular prevention.

著者

Masanori Abe Noriaki Maruyama Takashi Maruyama Kazuyoshi Okada Masayoshi Soma

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.12, pp.1235-1247, 2015-12-01 (Released:2015-12-01)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

4 5

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Aim: To determine the lipid lowering effectiveness, cost effectiveness, and safety of rosuvastatin compared with pitavastatin in dyslipidemic patients with concurrent renal disorders.Methods: This single-center, prospective, open-label, randomized, 12-month study evaluated rosuvastatin (2.5 mg) and pitavastatin (1 or 2 mg) in 134 dyslipidemic patients with concurrent chronic kidney disease (CKD; rosuvastatin group, n=68; pitavastatin group, n=66). Lipid parameters [i.e., low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), etc.], renal function parameters [i.e., estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), etc.], glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured at enrollment (baseline), month 6, and month 12.Results: The mean daily dose of rosuvastatin and pitavastatin was 2.5 mg and 1.4 mg, respectively. All lipid parameters were significantly more improved in the rosuvastatin group. eGFR improved from baseline in the rosuvastatin group (p<0.0001) and showed no tendency to worsen in the pitavastatin group (p=0.2232). In multiple regression analysis (n=134), it was significantly associated with a percent change in total cholesterol (β=0.2296; p=0.0112), smoking (β=0.1927; p=0.0224), and HbA1c (β=-0.1606; p=0.0585). Hs-CRP was significantly improved in both groups. An analysis eliminating the influence of antidiabetic medication showed a significant difference between groups in the change of HbA1c at month 6 from baseline (p=0.0016). No subjects in either group had new onset of diabetes mellitus. The cost of statin medication required to reduce LDL-C by 10 mg/dL was significantly lower for 2.5 mg of rosuvastatin (p=0.0116).Conclusions: Rosuvastatin 2.5 mg had superior lipid lowering and cost effectiveness in dyslipidemic patients with concurrent CKD.(UMIN ID: UMIN000005812)

著者

Jiro Aoyama Mizuko Osaka Michiyo Deushi Shoichi Hosoya Akihito Ishigami Taketoshi Maehara Masayuki Yoshida

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.63237, (Released:2021-12-08)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

5

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Aims: Vascular inflammation is critical for the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Previously, we reported that neutrophils adhere to the vascular endothelium in low-density lipoprotein receptor null mice fed a high-fat diet through hypercitrullination of histone H3 by peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) in neutrophils. However, the involvement of PAD4 and citrullination of proteins other than histone H3 in neutrophil adhesion is not well known. In this study, we investigated the function of PAD4 and identified citrullinated proteins during vascular inflammation. Methods: We pefformed flow assay under physiological flow conditions using differentiated HL-60 (dHL-60) cells stimulated with CXCL1 and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, phalloidin stain for dHL-60 stimulated with CXCL1 to observe F-actin polymerization and immunohistochemistry for the activated β2-integrin was conducted. To identify a target of citrullination in the cytoplasm of dHL-60 cells, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for dHL-60 stimulated with CXCL1 was performed. Results: Inhibition or knockdown of PAD4 significantly decreased adhesion of under physiological flow conditions. Thr-Asp-F-amidine trifluoroacetate salt (TDFA), a PAD4 inhibitor, inhibited cytoplasmic translocation of PAD4 by CXCL1. TDFA or knockdown of PAD4 significantly decreased expression of β2-integrin and F-actin polymerization activated by CXCL1. Moreover, LC-MS/MS identified protein disulfide isomerase A1 (PDIA1) as a target of citrullination in the cytoplasm of dHL-60 cells. Knockdown of PDIA1 significantly decreased adhesion of dHL-60 cells to HUVECs, expression of β2-integrin, and F-actin polymerization. Conclusions: Cytoplasmic translocation of PAD4 by CXCL1 induces neutrophil adhesion to vascular endothelial cells and citrullination of PDIA1.

著者

Masaaki Matsunaga Hiroshi Yatsuya Hiroyasu Iso Yuanying Li Kazumasa Yamagishi Naohito Tanabe Yasuhiko Wada Atsuhiko Ota Koji Tamakoshi Akiko Tamakoshi The JACC Study Group

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.63143, (Released:2021-12-08)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

10

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Aim: We aimed to examine the association of obesity-related cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) with body mass index (BMI) and the estimated population attributable fraction in lean Asians. Methods: We studied 102,535 participants aged 40-79 years without histories of cancer or CVD at baseline between 1988 and 2009. The cause-specific hazard ratios (csHRs) of BMI categories (<18.5, 18.5-20.9, 21.0-22.9 [reference], 23.0-24.9, 25.0-27.4, and ≥ 27.5 kg/m2) were estimated for each endpoint. The events considered were mortalities from obesity-related cancer (esophageal, colorectal, liver, pancreatic, kidney, female breast, and endometrial cancer) and those from CVD (coronary heart disease and stroke). Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated for these endpoints. Results: During a 19.2-year median follow-up, 2906 died from obesity-related cancer and 4532 died from CVD. The multivariable-adjusted csHRs (95% confidence interval) of higher BMI categories (25-27.4 and ≥ 27.5 kg/m2) for obesity-related cancer mortality were 0.93 (0.78, 1.10) and 1.18 (0.92, 1.50) in men and 1.25 (1.04, 1.50) and 1.48 (1.19, 1.84) in women, respectively. The corresponding csHRs for CVD mortality were 1.27 (1.10, 1.46) and 1.59 (1.30, 1.95) in men and 1.10 (0.95, 1.28) and 1.44 (1.21, 1.72) in women, respectively. The PAF of a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 for obesity-related cancer was −0.2% in men and 6.7% in women and that for CVD was 5.0% in men and 4.5% in women. Conclusion: A BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 is associated with an increased risk of obesity-related cancer in women and CVD in both sexes.

著者

Chizuko Maruyama Yuri Shijo Noriko Kameyama Ariko Umezawa Aisa Sato Ai Nishitani Makoto Ayaori Katsunori Ikewaki Masako Waki Tamio Teramoto

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.10, pp.1035-1051, 2021-10-01 (Released:2021-10-01)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

3 10

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Aim: The Japan Diet (JD) recommended by the Japan Atherosclerosis Society based on the traditional Japanese diet is presumably favorable for preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, but few high-quality controlled clinical trials have examined its benefits as compared with other diets. We studied effects of nutrition education for JD intake as compared with partial JD (PJD) intake on serum lipids and inflammatory parameters in subjects with dyslipidemia. Methods: A randomized parallel controlled clinical trial was conducted on outpatients with dyslipidemia. Participants were randomly divided into the JD or the PJD group. Face-to-face nutrition education based on each diet at baseline and at 3 months, as well as monthly counseling by mail during the intervening 3-month period, were provided and participants practiced up to 6 months. Both groups were advised to reduce consumptions of animal fat/ fatty meat/poultry, confections, and alcoholic drinks. Additionally, the JD group participants were recommended to consume more fish, soybean products especially natto, vegetables, and seaweed/mushrooms/konjak, and to switch from refined to unrefined cereals or barley. Results: Mean LDL-cholesterol was 125 +/- 29 mg/dL at baseline, and the JD group ( n=49) showed a greater mean LDL-cholesterol decrease than the PJD group (n=49) [- 8 mg/dL in JD vs 1 mg/dL in PJD, difference, -9 mg/dL (95%CI, -17 to 0) p=0.043)], and triglyceride (p=0.023) and insulin (p=0.033) reductions were larger in the JD group than in the PJD group at 6 months. Conclusion: Nutrition education for JD intake was suggested to improve serum lipid and metabolic parameters in patients with dyslipidemia.

著者

Takanari Kitazono Kazunori Toyoda Kazuo Kitagawa Takehiko Nagao Hiroshi Yamagami Shinichiro Uchiyama Norio Tanahashi Masayasu Matsumoto Kazuo Minematsu Izumi Nagata Masakatsu Nishikawa Shinsuke Nanto Yasuo Ikeda Toshiaki Shirai Kenji Abe Akira Ogawa PRASTRO-I Study Group

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.56093, (Released:2020-06-04)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

10

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Aims: The efficacy of antiplatelet therapy may vary among different disease subtypes. Prasugrel is generally a more potent, consistent, and fast-acting platelet inhibitor than clopidogrel. This sub-analysis of the phase III comparison of PRAsugrel and clopidogrel in Japanese patients with ischemic STROke (PRASTRO-I) trial aimed to assess the differences in efficacy of these treatments for each stroke subtype. Methods: In the PRASTRO-I trial, a total of 3,753 patients with ischemic stroke were recruited from 224 centers throughout Japan and randomized (1:1) to prasugrel (3.75 mg/day) or clopidogrel (75 mg/day) for 96 weeks. For the sub-analysis, strokes were classified as large-artery atherosclerosis, small-artery occlusion (lacunar), stroke of other etiology, and stroke of undetermined etiology. The cumulative incidence of primary events (ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and death from other vascular cause) and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for each subgroup. Results: For patients with large-artery atherosclerosis, the primary event incidence was 3.8% in the prasugrel group and 4.8% in the clopidogrel group (HR 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.45–1.40). For patients with small-artery occlusion, the incidence was 3.3% in the prasugrel group and 3.9% in the clopidogrel group (HR 0.83; 95% CI 0.46–1.53). For patients with stroke of undetermined etiology, the incidence was 4.6% in the prasugrel group and 3.0% in the clopidogrel group (HR 1.56; 95% CI 0.90–2.72). The incidence of bleeding was similar across subtypes. Conclusions: Although statistical significance was not reached, the efficacy of prasugrel was potentially different between stroke subtypes, warranting further studies.

著者

Kazuo Kitagawa Naohisa Hosomi Yoji Nagai Tatsuo Kagimura Toshiho Ohtsuki Hirofumi Maruyama Hideki Origasa Kazuo Minematsu Shinichiro Uchiyama Masakazu Nakamura Masayasu Matsumoto for the J-STARS collaborators

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.5, pp.432-441, 2019-05-01 (Released:2019-05-01)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

17 24

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Aims: To investigate the relative contribution of on-treatment low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and C-reactive protein (CRP) to the risk of recurrent stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) in patients with history of ischemic stroke.Methods: A total of 1095 patients with non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke were randomized into two groups: control and patients receiving 10 mg of pravastatin per day. After excluding 18 patients who did not have baseline CRP data, the effects of LDL cholesterol and CRP on recurrent stroke and TIA were prospectively assessed in 1077 patients.Results: During the follow-up of 4.9±1.4 years, there were 131 recurrent stroke or TIA cases. Patients with ontreatment LDL cholesterol <120 mg/dL showed 29% reduction in recurrent stroke and TIA than those with LDL cholesterol ≥ 120 mg/dL (event rate 2.20 vs. 3.11 per 100 person-years, hazard ratio [HR] 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50–0.99, p=0.048). Patients with CRP <1 mg/L had 32% reduction compared with that of patients with CRP ≥ 1 mg/L (event rate 2.26 vs. 3.40 per 100 person-years; HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.48–0.96, p=0.031). Although LDL cholesterol and CRP levels were not correlated in individual patients, those who achieved both LDL cholesterol <120 mg/dL and CRP <1 mg/L showed 51% reduction compared with that of patients with LDL cholesterol ≥ 120 mg/dL and CRP ≥ 1 mg/L (event rate 2.02 vs. 4.19 per 100 person-years; HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.31–0.79).Conclusions: The control of both LDL cholesterol and CRP levels appears to be effective for preventing recurrent stroke and TIA in patients with non-cardiogenic ischemic stroke.

著者

Atsuhito Saiki Yasuhiro Watanabe Takashi Yamaguchi Masahiro Ohira Daiji Nagayama Naoko Sato Mizuho Kanayama Mao Takahashi Kazuhiro Shimizu Masao Moroi Yoh Miyashita Kohji Shirai Ichiro Tatsuno

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.10, pp.1083-1094, 2021-10-01 (Released:2021-10-01)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

7

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Aim: In the TOHO Lipid Intervention Trial Using Pitavastatin (TOHO-LIP), a multicenter randomized controlled trial, pitavastatin significantly reduced cardiovascular (CV) events compared to atorvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia. To investigate the mechanism by which pitavastatin preferentially prevents CV events, we investigated the relationship between CV events and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) using the TOHO-LIP database. Methods: For the subgroup analysis, we selected patients from a single center, Toho University Sakura Medical Center. After excluding those who had CV events at baseline or during the first year, 254 patients were enrolled. The primary end point was the same as that of TOHO-LIP, and three-point major cardiac adverse events (3P-MACE) was added as secondary end point. Results: The cumulative 5-year incidence of 3P-MACE (pitavastatin 1.6%, atorvastatin 6.1%, P=0.038) was significantly lower in pitavastatin group (2 mg/day) than in atorvastatin group (10 mg/day). CAVI significantly decreased only in pitavastatin group during the first year (9.50–9.34, P=0.042), while the change in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) did not differ between the two groups. The change in CAVI during the first year positively correlated with 3P-MACE and tended to be an independent predictor of 3P-MACE in Cox proportional hazards model (hazard ratio, 1.736; P=0.079). The annual change in CAVI throughout the observation period was significantly higher in subjects with CV events compared to those without. Conclusions: In this subgroup analysis, the reduction in CV events tended to be associated with the CAVI-lowering effect of pitavastatin, which was independent of the LDL-C-lowering effect.

著者

Koichiro Fujisue Eiichiro Yamamoto Daisuke Sueta Yuichiro Arima Kyoko Hirakawa Noriaki Tabata Masanobu Ishii Miwa Ito Kenshi Yamanaga Shinsuke Hanatani Tadashi Hoshiyama Hisanori Kanazawa Seiji Takashio Satoshi Araki Hiroki Usuku Taishi Nakamura Hirofumi Soejima Koichi Kaikita Hiroaki Kawano Kenichi Matsushita Kenichi Tsujita

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.63044, (Released:2021-09-28)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

6

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Aims: Royal jelly, a creamy substance secreted by honeybees, has been reported to have beneficial effects against dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome. However, the effects of royal jelly on atherogenesis remain unknown. Hence, we prospectively evaluated whether royal jelly augments vascular endothelial function, which can reflect early atherogenesis, in healthy volunteers. Methods: This was a single-center, double-blind, 1:1 randomized placebo-controlled study conducted from October 2018 to December 2019. A total of 100 healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to receive either royal jelly 690 mg or placebo daily for 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was augmentation in vascular endothelial function as assessed using the change in the reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry index (RH-PAT) index, and the secondary endpoints were the changes in liver function and lipid profiles between baseline and 4 weeks after enrollment. Results: The mean age of the participants was 35.0±9.3 years in the placebo group and 36.1±9.1 years in the royal jelly groups; 45% and 50% of the placebo and the royal jelly groups, respectively, were male. The percentage relative change in the RH-PAT index was significantly higher in the royal jelly group than in the placebo group (21.4%±53.1% vs. 0.05%±40.9%, P=0.037). The percentage relative changes in alanine aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were significantly lower in the royal jelly group than in the placebo group (alanine aminotransferase: −6.06%±22.2% vs. 11.6%±46.5%, P=0.02; γ-glutamyl transpeptidase: −3.45%±17.8% vs. 4.62%±19.4%, P=0.045). Lipid profiles were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: Royal jelly might have antiatherogenic property by improving vascular endothelial function. It also augmented liver functions in healthy volunteers.

著者

Chizuko Maruyama Yuri Shijo Noriko Kameyama Ariko Umezawa Aisa Sato Ai Nishitani Makoto Ayaori Katsunori Ikewaki Masako Waki Tamio Taramoto

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.60376, (Released:2021-01-17)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

10

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Aim: The Japan Diet (JD) recommended by the Japan Atherosclerosis Society based on the traditional Japanese diet is presumably favorable for preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, but few high-quality controlled clinical trials have examined its benefits as compared with other diets. We studied effects of nutrition education for JD intake as compared with partial JD (PJD) intake on serum lipids and inflammatory parameters in subjects with dyslipidemia. Methods: A randomized parallel controlled clinical trial was conducted on outpatients with dyslipidemia. Participants were randomly divided into the JD or the PJD group. Face-to-face nutrition education based on each diet at baseline and at 3 months, as well as monthly counseling by mail during the intervening 3-month period, were provided and participants practiced up to 6 months. Both groups were advised to reduce consumptions of animal fat/ fatty meat/poultry, confections, and alcoholic drinks. Additionally, the JD group participants were recommended to consume more fish, soybean products especially natto, vegetables, and seaweed/mushrooms/konjak, and to switch from refined to unrefined cereals or barley. Results: Mean LDL-cholesterol was 125 +/- 29 mg/dL at baseline, and the JD group (n=49) showed a greater mean LDL-cholesterol decrease than the PJD group (n=49) [- 8 mg/dL in JD vs 1 mg/dL in PJD, difference, -9 mg/dL (95%CI, -17 to 0) p=0.043)], and triglyceride (p=0.023) and insulin (p=0.033) reductions were larger in the JD group than in the PJD group at 6 months. Conclusion: Nutrition education for JD intake was suggested to improve serum lipid and metabolic parameters in patients with dyslipidemia.

著者

Daiju Fukuda Phuong Tran Pham Masataka Sata

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.RV17059, (Released:2021-07-12)

参考文献数

82

被引用文献数

4

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Sterile chronic inflammation causes cardiometabolic disorders; however, the mechanisms are not fully understood. Previous studies have demonstrated the degradation of cells/tissues in the vasculature and metabolic organs in lifestyle-associated diseases, such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia, suggesting the release and/or accumulation of nucleic acids from damaged cells. DNA is indispensable for life; however, DNA fragments, especially those from pathogens, strongly induce inflammation by the activation of DNA sensors. Growing evidence suggests that DNA-sensing mechanisms, which are normally involved in self-defense against pathogens as the innate immune system, are associated with the progression of inflammatory diseases in response to endogenous DNA fragments. There are several types of DNA sensors in our bodies. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)—one of the most studied DNA sensors—recognizes DNA fragments in endosome. In addition, stimulator of interferon genes (STING), which has recently been extensively investigated, recognizes cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) generated from DNA fragments in the cytosol. Both TLR9 and STING are known to play pivotal roles in host defense as the innate immune system. However, recent studies have indicated that the activation of these DNA sensors in immune cells, such as macrophages, promotes inflammation leading to the development of vascular and metabolic diseases associated with lifestyle. In this review, we discuss recent advances in determining the roles of DNA sensors in these disease contexts. Revealing a novel mechanism of sterile chronic inflammation regulated by DNA sensors might facilitate clinical interventions for these health conditions.