著者

Makio Iwahashi Yasutoshi Kasahara

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.8, pp.443-448, 2007 (Released:2007-07-12)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

15 35

---

Self-diffusion coefficients and viscosities for the saturated hydrocarbons having six carbon atoms such as hexane, 2-methylpentane (2MP), 3-methylpentane (3MP), 2,2-dimethylbutane (22DMB), 2,3-dimethylbutane (23DMB), methylcyclopentane (McP) and cyclohexane (cH) were measured at various constant temperatures; obtained results were discussed in connection with their molar volumes, molecular structures and thermodynamic properties. The values of self-diffusion coefficients as the microscopic property were inversely proportional to those of viscosities as the macroscopic property. The order of their viscosities was almost same to those of their melting temperatures and enthalpies of fusion, which reflect the attractive interactions among their molecules. On the other hand, the order of the self-diffusion coefficients inversely related to the order of the melting temperatures and the enthalpies of the fusion. Namely, the compound having the larger attractive interaction mostly shows the less mobility in its liquid state, e.g., cyclohexane (cH), having the largest attractive interaction and the smallest molar volume exhibits an extremely large viscosity and small self-diffusion coefficient comparing with other hydrocarbons. However, a significant exception was 22DMB, being most close to a sphere: In spite of the smallest attractive interaction and the largest molar volume of 22DMB in the all samples, it has the thirdly larger viscosity and the thirdly smaller self-diffusion coefficient. Consequently, the dynamical properties such as self-diffusion and viscosity for the saturated hydrocarbons are determined not only by their attractive interactions but also by their molecular structures.

著者

Kazuaki Yoshinaga

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.1, pp.1-9, 2021 (Released:2021-01-08)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

5

---

The metabolism of fatty acids or triacylglycerol (TAG) is affected by their molecular structures. Several methods to separate and quantify TAG isomers in natural fats and oils were developed. For instance, an analytical method of TAG molecular species using a gas chromatograph-flame ionization detector and the analytical method to separate and quantify TAG positional isomers and enantiomers using a high performance liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer were established. Furthermore, using these analytical methods, the relationship between molecular structure and metabolism of fatty acid and TAG were investigated. Using the CO2 breath test in ddY mice revealed that saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid bound to the sn-2 (β) position of TAG were highly catabolized in the presence of calcium, whereas saturated fatty acids bound to the sn-1, 3 (α) position of TAG were not well catabolized. Recently, the distribution of dietary fatty acids in the body were visualized by combining a stable isotope labeling technique with imaging mass spectrometry, which revealed that the administered arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid accumulated as phospholipid in the mouse brain. The methods developed can assess food quality and create new functional foods.

著者

Kentaro Shoji Masao Yamasaki Hisato Kunitake

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.2, pp.143-151, 2020 (Released:2020-02-05)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

3

---

Prevention of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia is an important consideration for reducing the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. While blueberry fruits have been reported to ameliorate lipid metabolism in humans, there are only few research reports on the effects of blueberry leaves (BL). Here, we investigated the efficacy of BL on postprandial hyperlipidemia in subjects with high fasting triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations. Randomized, double-blind, cross-over design study was conducted. The subjects consumed a BL containing beverage or a placebo beverage before a fat-enriched test meal. Blood samples were collected prior to and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours after consuming the test beverage. The postprandial serum TG and remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) concentrations were significantly lower in the BL beverage compared with those in the placebo beverage. Additionally, BL was more effective in subjects with high fasting ghrelin with gastric emptying function. In current study, fasting ghrelin correlated with the increase in postprandial serum TG, suggesting that BL ameliorates hypertriglyceridemia through delayed gastric emptying. In conclusion, this pilot study suggests that BL may be useful as an early dietary therapy for treating postprandial hyperlipidemia.

著者

Nina Naquiah Ahmad Nizar Jalaldeen Mohamed Nazrim Marikkar Dzulkifly Mat Hashim

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.7, pp.459-464, 2013 (Released:2013-07-03)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

18 47

---

A study was conducted to differentiate lard, chicken fat, beef fat and mutton fat using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Elemental Analyzer–Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (EA-IRMS). The comparison of overall fatty acid data showed that lard and chicken fat share common characteristics by having palmitic, oleic and linoleic acid as major fatty acids while beef and mutton fats shared common characteristics by possessing palmitic, stearic and oleic acid as major fatty acids. The direct comparisons among the fatty acid data, therefore, may not be suitable for discrimination of different animal fats. When the fatty acid distributional data was subjected to Principle Component Analysis (PCA), it was demonstrated that stearic, oleic and linoleic acids as the most discriminating parameters in the clustering of animal fats into four subclasses. The bulk carbon analysis of animal fats using EA-IRMS showed that determination of the carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) would be a good indicator for discriminating lard, chicken fat, beef fat and mutton fat. This would lead to a faster and more efficient method to ascertain the source of origin of fats used in food products.

著者

Toshiharu Nagai Tetsuaki Kinoshita Erika Kasamatsu Kazuaki Yoshinaga Hoyo Mizobe Akihiko Yoshida Yutaka Itabashi Naohiro Gotoh

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ess19122, (Released:2019-09-11)

被引用文献数

17

---

The rapid and simultaneous separation of triacylglycerol (TAG) enantiomers and positional isomers was achieved using chiral high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). TAGs composed of two fatty acids, which were both saturated (P: palmitic acid or S: stearic acid) and unsaturated (O: oleic acid or L: linoleic acid; e.g., sn-PPO/sn-OPP/sn-POP: 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-oleoyl-sn-glycerol/1-oleoyl-2,3- dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol/1,3-dilpalmitoyl-2-oleoylglycerol), were resolved into three peaks using CHIRALPAK IF-3 without recycling on the HPLC system. For example, the mixture of sn-PPO/sn-OPP/sn-POP was resolved in 30 min, although it took 150 min to resolve sn-PPO/sn-OPP using CHIRALCEL ODRH in a previous study using a recycling HPLC system. This novel chiral HPLC method was applicable for the separation of other TAG isomers, including sn-OOP/sn-POO/sn-OPO, sn-PPL/sn-LPP/sn-PLP, sn-LLP/sn-PLL/sn-LPL, sn-SSO/sn-OSS/sn-SOS, sn-OOS/sn-SOO/sn-OSO, sn-SSL/sn-LSS/sn-SLS, and sn-LLS/snSLL/sn-LSL. For TAGs composed of three fatty acids containing both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, the POL isomers were not sufficiently separated but the PSO and SOL isomers were partially separated into several peaks. Their elution order could be estimated by the fragment ions generated in the ion source of the mass spectrometer. However, TAGs consisting of only saturated or unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., sn-PSP/sn-PPS/sn-SPP and sn-OLO/sn-OOL/sn-LOO) were not separated. This novel chiral HPLC method is especially applicable for the analysis of TAG composition of semi-solid fats such as palm oil.

著者

Kazuko Iwamoto Hirokazu Kawamoto Fumiaki Takeshita Shinichi Matsumura Ikuto Ayaki Tatsuya Moriyama Nobuhiro Zaima

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ess19135, (Released:2019-08-14)

被引用文献数

10

---

Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) is widely used as herbal medicine. Preventive effect of GBE against dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease, has been reported. The bioactive compounds in GBE that impart these beneficial effects, flavonoids and terpene lactones, have poor bioavailability. Our previous study found distribution of bioactive compounds of sesame extract in mice brain after mixing it with turmeric oil. Here, we evaluate the distribution of bioactive compounds of GBE by combining it with the mixture of sesame extract and turmeric oil (MST). The content of terpene lactones in mice serum was significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner after administration of GBE. However, the contents of terpene lactones in mice brain were not significantly changed. Concentration of ginkgolide A in mice brain increased significantly when GBE was co-administrated with MST than when GBE was administered alone. These results suggest that MST may be effective in enhancing the bioavailability of ginkgolide A in GBE.

著者

Minako Okukawa Takamasa Watanabe Maki Miura Hiroyuki Konno Shigekazu Yano Yoshimune Nonomura

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ess19074, (Released:2019-07-10)

被引用文献数

7

---

1,2-Alkanediol exhibits antibacterial activity against several bacteria and yeast. However, few studies have reported antimicrobial tests on skin microbiome. Bacterial microbiome on the skin surface include Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which causes rough skin and inflammation in atopic dermatitis and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), which enhances innate immunity. In this study, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was evaluated for 1,2-alkanediol comprising 4–12 carbon atoms against S. aureus and S. epidermidis. 1,2-Alkanediol comprising 6–12 carbon atoms exhibited antimicrobial activity against both species of Staphylococcus. The antibacterial activity depended on the alkyl chain length. In addition, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) on agar was evaluated for 1,2-alkanediol comprising 6–12 carbon atoms. 1,2-Octanediol and 1,2-decanediol exhibited significant bactericidal activity.

著者

Aicha O. Cherif Marine De Person Mhamed Ben Messaouda Manef Abderrabba Fathi Moussa

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ess19017, (Released:2019-06-10)

被引用文献数

2

---

In the present work, a high-performance liquid chromatographic method coupled with mass spectrometry (HILIC-HPLC /ESI-MS) was used for the characterization and the quantification of glycerophospholipids (GPLs) classes and their molecular species in three genetically different Tunisian apricot cultivars (bitter, sweet and semi-sweet apricots). The application of the proposed method to the analysis of apricot oil allowed to separate and identify 74 molecular species of GPLs. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) class was found to be the most abundant GLPs in the three seed oils (38.6-62.4%) especially in bitter apricot, followed by phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) classes with values of 8.3-38.9% and 1.7-25.4% respectively. Phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) compounds were minor ones with maximums of 11.3%, 9.8% and 9.2% respectively. The results we obtained for the three Tunisian apricot seed varieties clearly indicate that the phospholipids of Tunisian apricot are of great interest. In fact, the high content of phosphatidylcholine (PC) determines it as a suitable and valuable source for obtaining corresponding phospholipids concentrates.

著者

Takamasa Watanabe Yoshiaki Yamamoto Maki Miura Hiroyuki Konno Shigekazu Yano Yoshimune Nonomura

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ess18220, (Released:2019-02-13)

被引用文献数

18

---

Bacterial flora on the skin surface contains Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) which causes rough skin and atopic dermatitis and enhances innate immunity, respectively. In this study, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was evaluated for six saturated fatty acids and two unsaturated fatty acids against S. aureus and S. epidermidis. The antimicrobial behavior in the liquid medium was categorized into three groups. The first was the selective antibacterial activity group comprising myristic acid (C14:0 fatty acid), palmitoleic acid (C16:1 fatty acid), and oleic acid (C18:1 fatty acid) and preferentially displayed antimicrobial activity for S. aureus (group 1). C16:1 fatty acid displayed high antimicrobial activity only for S. aureus. The second was the non-selective antibacterial activity group which displayed antibacterial activity for both Staphylococci (group 2). Caprylic acid (C8:0 fatty acid), capric acid (C10:0 fatty acid), and lauric acid (C12:0 fatty acid) comprised group 2. The third was the non-antibacterial activity group which did not show significant antimicrobial activity (group 3). Bactericidal activities were confirmed for C12:0 fatty acid and C16:1 fatty acid by evaluating the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) on the agar medium. C12:0 fatty acid displayed non-selective bactericidal behavior against S. aureus and S. epidermidis when the fatty acid concentration was above 250 μg mL–1. These findings suggest that C16:1 fatty acid has the potential to be used as a detergent in skin care and medical products because it can selectively kill only S. aureus.

著者

Toshiya Morikawa Yoshiaki Yamamoto Yoshimune Nonomura

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.7, pp.859-862, 2018 (Released:2018-07-01)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

6

---

Fatty acid calcium salt is a high melting point powder excellent in lubricity and water repellency and is often used as a cosmetic raw material. We have shown that several calcium salts of fatty acids have high selective bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes and low bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis. In this study, we evaluated the influence of pH on the bactericidal behavior of calcium laurate, and showed that under acidic conditions it shows higher bactericidal activity against both bacteria but selectivity becomes lower. This finding is useful for designing skin cleansers and makeup cosmetics containing lauric acid.

著者

Azusa Nishino Kazuhisa Sugimoto Haruyo Sambe Takashi Ichihara Takeshi Takaha Takashi Kuriki

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ess17265, (Released:2018-06-07)

被引用文献数

16

---

Generation of singlet oxygen by solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes acute inflammatory responses in the skin. Accumulation of singlet-oxygen-quenching antioxidants in the skin can suppress this photo-oxidative stress. This study evaluated the effect of dietary xanthophylls from red paprika fruit extract on UV-induced skin damage. A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled parallel group comparison study involving 46 healthy volunteers was performed. The minimal erythema dose (MED) of each individual was determined prior to the study. A capsule containing paprika xanthophylls (9 mg) or a placebo was administered daily for 5 weeks. The MED, minimal tanning dose (MTD), skin physiology parameters (skin color, hydration, and barrier function), and facial skin physiology parameters were evaluated at weeks 0, 2, and 4. The MED of the verum group at 2 and 4 weeks after administration was significantly higher than that of the placebo group. At 4 weeks, the suppression of UV-induced skin darkening by the verum diet was significantly greater than that of the placebo. There were no significant differences in facial skin parameters between the verum and placebo groups. Our results indicate the efficacy of dietary paprika xanthophylls in suppression of UV-induced skin damage.

著者

Yoshiaki Yamamoto Yuki Kawamura Yuki Yamazaki Tatsuro Kijima Toshiya Morikawa Yoshimune Nonomura

出版者

公益社団法人 日本油化学会

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.3, pp.283-288, 2015 (Released:2015-03-01)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

2 22

---

Palmitoleic acid is a promising bactericidal agent for cleansing products with alternative bactericidal abilities. In this study, we focus on the physical and biological activity of palmitoleic acid calcium salt (C16:1 fatty acid Ca salt) because it forms via an ion-exchange reaction between palmitoleic acid and Ca ions in tap water, and remains on the skin surface during the cleansing process. Here, we prepared C16:1 fatty acid Ca salt to investigate its crystal structure and physical and bactericidal properties. The Ca salt was a plate-shaped lamellar crystalline powder with a particle diameter of several micrometers to several tens of micrometers; it exhibited significant lubricity and alternative bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes). We also examined other fatty acid Ca salts prepared from lauric acid (C12:0 fatty acid), palmitic acid (C16:0 fatty acid), and oleic acid (C18:1 fatty acid). The bactericidal activities and lubricity of the fatty acid Ca salts changed with the alkyl chain length and the degree of unsaturation. The C16:1 fatty acid Ca salt exhibited the strongest selective bactericidal ability among the four investigated fatty acid Ca salts. These findings suggest that C16:1 fatty acid and its Ca salt have potential applications in cleansing and cosmetic products.

著者

Tetsuro Akashi Ayano Muto Yayoi Takahashi Hiroshi Nishiyama

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.9, pp.1017-1027, 2017 (Released:2017-09-01)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

4

---

Diarrhea often occurs during enteral nutrition. Recently, several reports showed that diarrhea improves by adding egg yolk lecithin, an emulsifier, in an enteral formula. Therefore, we evaluated if this combination could improve diarrhea outcomes. We retrospectively investigated the inhibitory effects on watery stools by replacing a polymeric fomula with that containing egg yolk lecithin. Then, we investigated the emulsion stability in vitro. Next, we examined the lipid absorption using different emulsifiers among bile duct-ligated rats and assessed whether egg yolk lecithin, medium-chain triglyceride, and dietary fiber can improve diarrhea outcomes in a rat model of short bowel syndrome. Stool consistency or frequency improved on the day after using the aforementioned combination in 13/14 patients. Average particle size of the egg yolk lecithin emulsifier did not change by adding artificial gastric juice, whereas that of soy lecithin and synthetic emulsifiers increased. Serum triglyceride concentrations were significantly higher in the egg yolk lecithin group compared with the soybean lecithin and synthetic emulsifier groups in bile duct-ligated rats. In rats with short bowels, the fecal consistency was a significant looser the dietary fiber (+) group than the egg yolk lecithin (+) groups from day 6 of test meal feedings. The fecal consistency was also a significant looser the egg yolk lecithin (–) group than the egg yolk lecithin (+) groups from day 4 of test meal feeding. The fecal consistency was no significant difference between the medium-chain triglycerides (–) and egg yolk lecithin (+) groups. Enteral formula emulsified with egg yolk lecithin promotes lipid absorption by preventing the destruction of emulsified substances by gastric acid. This enteral formula improved diarrhea and should reduce the burden on patients and healthcare workers.

著者

Hisanori Tokuda Toshiaki Sueyasu Hiroshi Kawashima Hiroshi Shibata Yoshihiko Koga

出版者

公益社団法人 日本油化学会

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.7, pp.713-721, 2017 (Released:2017-07-01)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

5

---

Although several studies have reported the effects of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) supplementation on the mood in healthy adults, the effects of LCPUFA on elderly individuals remain unclear. Thus, we hypothesized that LCPUFA supplementation improves mood in the elderly. To address this hypothesis, 115 elderly Japanese men aged 55-64 years were assigned and randomly allocated to the LCPUFA or placebo group. Participants received 4 weeks of supplementation with LCPUFA-containing oil (docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 300 mg/day, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) 100 mg/day, arachidonic acid (ARA) 120 mg/day) or a placebo oil. Mood was assessed using the Profile of Mood States (POMS) before and after supplementation as the secondary outcome in a previously performed randomized controlled trial on cognitive function. A total of 113 participants completed the supplementation period. One hundred participants (LCPUFA, n = 51; placebo, n = 49) who were eligible for evaluation of mood were analyzed. Increases in vigor scores on POMS, reflecting a positive mood, were significantly larger in the LCPUFA group than in the placebo group (LCPUFA, +1.8; placebo, −0.5). No significant differences were observed in changes in other negative mood scores between groups. DHA and ARA content in plasma phospholipids were increased by 0.8% and 0.7%, respectively, in the LCPUFA group, and were significantly larger than those in the placebo group. Dietary DHA, EPA, and ARA intake was unchanged during the study. These results suggest that LCPUFA supplementation may improve vigor (positive mood) in elderly Japanese men.

著者

Toshio Hasegawa Kazuma Yoshitome Takashi Fujihara Mardi Santoso Muhammad Abdul Aziz

出版者

公益社団法人 日本油化学会

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ess17002, (Released:2017-07-12)

被引用文献数

5

---

Patchouli is used as an incense material and essential oil. The characteristic odor of patchouli leaves results from the drying process used in their production; however, there have to date been no reports on the changes in the odor of patchouli leaves during the drying process. We investigated the aroma profile of dried patchouli leaves using the hexane extracts of fresh and dried patchouli leaves. We focused on the presence or absence of the constituents of the fresh and dried extracts, and the differences in the content of the common constituents. Fourteen constituents were identified as characteristic of dried patchouli extract odor by gas chromatography-olfactometry analysis. The structures of seven of the 14 constituents were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (α-patchoulene, seychellene, humulene, α-bulnesene, isoaromadendrene epoxide, caryophyllene oxide, and patchouli alcohol). The aroma profile of the essential oil obtained from the dried patchouli leaves was clearly different from that of dried patchouli. The aroma profile of the essential oil was investigated by a similar method. We identified 12 compounds as important odor constituents. The structures of nine of the 12 constituents were determined by gas chromatographymass spectrometry (cis-thujopsene, caryophyllene, α-guaiene, α-patchoulene, seychellene, α-bulnesene, isoaromadendrene epoxide, patchouli alcohol, and corymbolone). Comparing the odors and constituents demonstrated that the aroma profile of patchouli depends on the manufacturing process.

著者

Hisanori Tokuda Toshiaki Sueyasu Hiroshi Kawashima Hiroshi Shibata Yoshihiko Koga

出版者

公益社団法人 日本油化学会

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ess17035, (Released:2017-06-13)

被引用文献数

5

---

Although several studies have reported the effects of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) supplementation on the mood in healthy adults, the effects of LCPUFA on elderly individuals remain unclear. Thus, we hypothesized that LCPUFA supplementation improves mood in the elderly. To address this hypothesis, 115 elderly Japanese men aged 55-64 years were assigned and randomly allocated to the LCPUFA or placebo group. Participants received 4 weeks of supplementation with LCPUFAcontaining oil (docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 300 mg/day, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) 100 mg/day, arachidonic acid (ARA) 120 mg/day) or a placebo oil. Mood was assessed using the Profile of Mood States (POMS) before and after supplementation as the secondary outcome in a previously performed randomized controlled trial on cognitive function. A total of 113 participants completed the supplementation period. One hundred participants (LCPUFA, n = 51; placebo, n = 49) who were eligible for evaluation of mood were analyzed. Increases in vigor scores on POMS, reflecting a positive mood, were significantly larger in the LCPUFA group than in the placebo group (LCPUFA, +1.8; placebo, −0.5). No significant differences were observed in changes in other negative mood scores between groups. DHA and ARA content in plasma phospholipids were increased by 0.8% and 0.7%, respectively, in the LCPUFA group, and were significantly larger than those in the placebo group. Dietary DHA, EPA, and ARA intake was unchanged during the study. These results suggest that LCPUFA supplementation may improve vigor (positive mood) in elderly Japanese men.

著者

Widad M. Al- Bishri

出版者

公益社団法人 日本油化学会

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.9, pp.709-715, 2013 (Released:2013-09-03)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

5 13

---

Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and is detrimental to several organs including the liver and kidneys. The flaxseed-derived polyunsaturated fatty acids including the omega-3 and omega-6 essential fatty acids have been shown to blunt the effects of hypertension. It is however, unclear whether the flaxseed, which is rich in these essential fatty acids, could improve the liver and kidney dysfunctions observed in the hypertensive condition. To test this, functional markers of the liver and kidneys, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), creatinine, and renin were examined in hypertensive male Wistar rats fed a flaxseed diet. Normotensive rats maintained on a standard diet were rendered hypertensive with a daily administration of cyclosporin A (CYS) (25 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Subsequently, hypertensive rats were either fed a standard diet alone or a flaxseed-supplemented standard diet (FLX; 10% W/W) for 8 weeks. Compared to normotensive rats, standard diet-fed hypertensive rats had significantly elevated blood pressure, altered lipid profile, and increased plasma levels of tissue markers measured immediately following the CYS treatment and thereafter at 4 and 8 week intervals. On the other hand, rats fed the FLX-supplemented diet had significantly lower blood pressure, an improved lipid profile and decreased tissue marker levels measured after 4 and 8 week durations. The data demonstrate for the first time the favourable effects of FLX in improving liver and kidney functions in the hypertensive condition. These effects are likely to be mediated by the alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) contents of flaxseed oil due to its demonstrated ability to lower the blood pressure.

著者

Yuuki Aita Yoshimune Nonomura

出版者

公益社団法人 日本油化学会

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.6, pp.493-498, 2016 (Released:2016-06-01)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

11

---

The surface properties and the tactile texture of human hair are important in designing hair-care products. In this study, we evaluated the temporal changes of friction and temperature during the drying process of wet human hair containing water, silicone oil, or oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion. The wet human hair including water or O/W emulsion have a moist feel, which was caused by the temperature reduction of approximately 3-4°C. When human hair is treated with silicone oil, more than 60% of the subjects felt their hair to be slippery and smooth like untreated hair. Treating hair with O/W emulsion after drying made the subject perceive a slippery feeling because the surfactant reduced friction on the hair surface. These results indicated that both friction and thermal properties of the hair surface are important to control the tactile texture of the human hair.

著者

Wei Liu Fei Tian Jingjing Yu Yanlan Bi

出版者

公益社団法人 日本油化学会

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.5, pp.451-458, 2016 (Released:2016-05-01)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

8

---

In this paper, a novel magnetic mesoporous Pd catalyst is used to catalyse selective hydrogenation of sunflower oil at a mild temperature of 50°C. Effects of reaction temperature, stirring speed, time, catalyst loading and hydrogen pressure on the reaction activity, trans fatty acid (TFA) and stearic acid formation were studied. Under the condition of 3.2 mg Pd/100 g oil, 50°C, 1300 rpm stirring speed and 19.0 atm of H2, the lowest amount of TFA generated during the reaction (IV = 80) was 14.9 ± 0.4% while 11.4 ± 0.4% of stearic acid was produced. And this magnetic Pd-catalyst can be reused easily for at least six times without significant catalyst deactivation, the amount of TFA almost remained unchanged. Moreover, this Pd-catalyst shows a good magnetic separation, which provides a potential method for the facile oil modification.

著者

Yudai Nonaka Tetsuo Takagi Makoto Inai Shuhei Nishimura Shogo Urashima Kazumitsu Honda Toshiaki Aoyama Shin Terada

出版者

公益社団法人 日本油化学会

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ess16069, (Released:2016-07-15)

被引用文献数

34

---

Coconut oil has recently attracted considerable attention as a potential Alzheimer’s disease therapy because it contains large amounts of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) and its consumption is thought to stimulate hepatic ketogenesis, supplying an alternative energy source for brains with impaired glucose metabolism. In this study, we first reevaluated the responses of plasma ketone bodies to oral administration of coconut oil to rats. We found that the coconut oil-induced increase in plasma ketone body concentration was negligible and did not significantly differ from that observed after high-oleic sunflower oil administration. In contrast, the administration of coconut oil substantially increased the plasma free fatty acid concentration and lauric acid content, which is the major MCFA in coconut oil. Next, to elucidate whether lauric acid can activate ketogenesis in astrocytes with the capacity to generate ketone bodies from fatty acids, we treated the KT-5 astrocyte cell line with 50 and 100 μM lauric acid for 4 h. The lauric acid treatments increased the total ketone body concentration in the cell culture supernatant to a greater extent than oleic acid, suggesting that lauric acid can directly and potently activate ketogenesis in KT-5 astrocytes. These results suggest that coconut oil intake may improve brain health by directly activating ketogenesis in astrocytes and thereby by providing fuel to neighboring neurons.