著者
宮 正樹
出版者
環境アセスメント学会
雑誌
環境アセスメント学会誌 (ISSN:13481819)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, no.2, pp.20-24, 2020-08-10 (Released:2020-08-10)
参考文献数
11

This paper briefly reviews current methodology and practices of the environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding approach using a universal PCR primer pair MiFish, which co-amplifies a short fragment of fish DNA (around 170 bp from the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene) across a wide variety of taxa. This method has been applied to biodiversity monitoring using eDNA shed from fish and, coupled with next-generation sequencing technologies, allowed to perform massively parallel sequencing of several hundred eDNA samples simultaneously. Since the publication of its technical outline in 2015, this method has been widely used in various aquatic environments in and around the six continents, and MiFish primers have been demonstrably shown to outperform other competing primers. Additionally, I introduce the latest information on the government-led initiatives of biodiversity monitoring using MiFish eDNA metabarcoding.
著者
阿部 聖哉
出版者
環境アセスメント学会
雑誌
環境アセスメント学会誌 (ISSN:13481819)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.2, pp.24-30, 2022-08-10 (Released:2022-08-31)
参考文献数
57

This report provides an overview and future challenges of animal, plant, and ecosystem impact assessments in the Environmental Impact Assessment Act. Red List species, subject to animal and plant impact assessments, generally have a small population, and field surveys often do not provide sufficient data. Therefore, species-specific information, especially habitat data, is essential for impact assessment. Ecosystem impact assessments have been conducted using regional indicator species. However, planning stage procedures introduced by law revision focus on a rather critical natural environment. In addition, international organizations recently applied red list assessments to plant communities, habitats, and ecosystems. In the future, the red list of ecosystems will be beneficial for assessing impacts on the Japanese natural environment.
著者
吉田 毅郎 古市 大剛 李 僑 北澤 大輔
出版者
環境アセスメント学会
雑誌
環境アセスメント学会誌 (ISSN:13481819)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.19, no.2, pp.52-59, 2021-08-10 (Released:2021-08-31)
参考文献数
33

Offshore wind power plant is one of the promising energy sources as a marine renewable energy. Its effect on marine species including fishes, marine mammals, sea birds and etc. have been researching in the world. The offshore wind power plants could attract or distract marine species. The aggregation of marine species is called reef effect. This paper shows the recent trend of the investigations and researches in terms of aggregation of marine species on and around artificial offshore structures in European and American countries. Especially, reef effect of the offshore wind power plants was summarized in this paper to announce the reef effect for Japanese regulators and stakeholders.
著者
夏原 由博
出版者
環境アセスメント学会
雑誌
環境アセスメント学会誌 (ISSN:13481819)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, no.1, pp.21-26, 2009-03-15

Uncertainty in the assessment and management of biodiversity and ecosystem is derived from (1) uncertainty of our understanding about impact on biodiversity, (2) insufficiency in scoping, and (3) uncertainty that inherent in ecosystem. To cope with the uncertainty, effective scoping with appropriate indicators and quantification of impact is important, as well as adoption of adaptive management with precautionary principle that has been used in ecosystem management. Further challenges are discussed concerning uncertainty in the biodiversity assessment.