著者

中村 愛 島崎 敢 石田 敏郎

出版者

日本交通心理学会

雑誌

交通心理学研究 (ISSN:09109749)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.1-7, 2012 (Released:2020-04-18)

参考文献数

9

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Appropriate rest is important for reducing accidents involving taxi drivers working long hours. We investigated the relation between the rest of taxi drivers on duty and accidents by analyzing the one-month records of digital tachographs of 21 accident repeaters and 23 safe drivers. They worked for about 20 hours per a shift. We defined inactivity exceeding five minutes as rest. The dependent variables were the total rest time, the number of rest periods, the maxim continual driving time, and the concordant rate of rest. The concordant rate of rest indicates whether the time and length of rest were regular or not and is the average of the similarity ratio of rest. We compared four variables between accident repeaters and safe drivers. The result revealed that the concordant rate of rest of safe drivers was significantly higher than that of accident repeaters. There was no significant difference in the total rest time, the number of rest periods, or the maxim continual driving time. We found that the regular rest was important.

著者

中村 愛 島崎 敢 石田 敏郎

出版者

日本交通心理学会

雑誌

交通心理学研究 (ISSN:09109749)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.16-24, 2013 (Released:2020-04-18)

参考文献数

11

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One reason drivers don’t stop at stop signs is they think that they can stop though they actually can’t. This research seeks to clarify whether drivers can properly self-evaluate their own stopping behavior. Fifteen taxi drivers participated. We took movies of how the taxi drivers on duty turned left at a crossing with a stop sign using a video camera in front of the intersection. We blurred the drivers’ faces and license plates so the participants would not recognize the drivers when they watched the videos. They evaluated the stopping behavior with a visual analogue scale on which the right end represents risk and the left end represents safety. They watched the videos in which the drivers were themselves and evaluated the stopping behavior (A). They then imagined their own usual stopping behavior at the crossing and evaluated that behavior (B). The analysis revealed a significant difference between A and B. They evaluated their usual stopping behavior as being safer than that in the videos. None of the participants recognized that they themselves were the drivers in the videos and strongly criticized their own stopping behavior.

著者

今井 靖雄 蓮花 一己

出版者

日本交通心理学会

雑誌

交通心理学研究 (ISSN:09109749)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.18-27, 2016 (Released:2020-04-10)

参考文献数

20

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The presence of a peer passenger psychologically affects a driver’s behavior, which may be considered a risk factor for a vehicle accident. Although previous studies have focused on the peer-passenger effect among middle-aged drivers, little is known about such effect both in middle-aged and young drivers. This study explored the factor structure of the peer-passenger effect and determinants of this effect in both middle-aged and young drivers. A total of 282 drivers completed a self-report questionnaire. Factor analysis revealed five factors of the peer-passenger effect : dissatisfaction with advice, self-uneasiness, security consciousness, and calmness and silence in car. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine how strongly the five demographic variables of gender, age, a license career, and frequencies of driving and of a presence of peer passenger could influence each factor. Results suggested that a middle-aged driver became irritated more easily than a young driver, when receiving unnecessary advice from a peer passenger. Younger drivers concentrated on driving so much that they could not afford to pay attention to peer passenger. Furthermore, the frequency of the presence of a peer passenger could promote the peer-passenger effect in both young and middle-aged drivers.

著者

佐藤 寛明

出版者

日本交通心理学会

雑誌

交通心理学研究 (ISSN:09109749)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.1, pp.10-21, 2020 (Released:2021-08-23)

参考文献数

21

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It is important to keep an appropriate distance from other vehicles when driving. In recent years, tailgating has become a social problem. It was hypothesized that being approached by other vehicles makes drivers feel strong pressure and then people feel it as tailgating. The purpose is to reveal the amount of their personal space between vehicles during driving and the sense of distance by comparing the inferred distance with the measured distance. This experiment was conducted based on 4 factors: the sizes of the vehicle (small/large), approaching methods (approaching the stopped front vehicle/being approached from the rear vehicle), measurement conditions (an inferred distance/an actual distance), and gender. The results are as follows. Drivers showed their personal space larger when being approached than when approaching the vehicle ahead. Furthermore, the bigger the size of the vehicle in front and behind was, the larger the space they need. In addition, there was a significant tendency for gender. The inferred distance between the vehicles is closer than the measured distance. It was revealed that the personal space between vehicles were effected by the direction of approaching and the size of vehicle, and they felt closer than the actual distance between vehicles in some conditions.

著者

谷田 公二 松永 勝也

出版者

日本交通心理学会

雑誌

交通心理学研究 (ISSN:09109749)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.1-9, 2006 (Released:2020-06-23)

参考文献数

18

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The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the estimation of "time headway" and its real value in drivers of an automobile. In the experiment the subjects who were driving an experimental vehicle, which was equipped with both GPS and laser radar, were required to follow another vehicle in front of them. The "time headway" which was measured automatically by appropriate instruments was compared with the "time headway" of the subjective estimates from the subjects. The estimated times of the subjects showed a high variability in all subjects; some subjects showed a significant variation of estimated time during the course of a day. Furthermore, the estimates of the "time headway" were on a statistically level significantly inaccurate. In other experiments which a "time headway" of 3 seconds or 4 seconds was required to be maintained by the subjects by counting aloud, thus, trying an adjustment to the subjectively perceived "time headway", it was observed that in such situations the actual "time headway" frequently was reduced by almost 1 second after counting. In contrast, in the same situation, but with guidance provided by a clicking sound at regular intervals of 1 second, the perceived estimation of "time headway" improved to an acceptable degree of accuracy.

著者

岡村 和子 藤田 悟郎 小菅 律 サンドラ シュミット-アーント

出版者

日本交通心理学会

雑誌

交通心理学研究 (ISSN:09109749)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.1-25, 2014 (Released:2020-04-18)

参考文献数

87

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In many motorized countries, concern has been growing about driving under the influence of substances other than alcohol, i.e. illicit drugs such as cannabis and amphetamine, as well as medicinal drugs such as sedatives and antihistamine. These drugs affect central nervous system, thus may impair driving performance and pose danger to traffic safety. The nature of the problem and the current scientific evidence is yet unknown in Japan. This report aimed to overview the issue of drug driving by way of systematic literature search of studies published between 2000 and 2012. A total of 62 peer-reviewed articles and relevant reports have been identified that include meta-analyses, systematic/narrative reviews, or original investigations into the risk of traffic accident or impairment caused by drug driving. The present work attempted to summarize epidemiological research estimating accident risk of drug driving, experimental research investigating effects of drug impairment on driving performance, and finally, current interventions aiming at efficient detection of drug driving. Further research needs, future research direction in traffic psychology, and implication to traffic safety in Japan is discussed.