著者
山川 充夫
出版者
日本地域経済学会
雑誌
地域経済学研究 (ISSN:13462709)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, pp.49-64, 2019 (Released:2020-05-07)

TEPCO Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident triggered by the Great East Japan Great Earthquake resulted radioactive contamination over the wide-area mainly in Fukushima Prefecture. Depending on radioactive contamination, the evacuation instructions from central government is issued to people living in 12 municipalities in Fukushima Prefecture Hamadori region, it has been forced to evacuate to about 160,000 people of Fukushima Prefecture, including many voluntary evacuees. Even if residents want to entry into the evacuation direction area, they are prohibited or restricted depending on the level of radioactive contamination. Thereafter, the evacuation direction area has gradually released by radiation decontamination in the living space and natural radiation attenuation. Nevertheless, 23,718 people including mainly Futaba and Okuma residents are not allowed to return to home town, and many voluntary evacuees also have not returned to home town. Based on these circumstances, Fukushima Booklet Committee who is composed of NPO corporations and others publish "Fukushima 10 lessons learned" for the purpose of "to protect people from nuclear accidents" The lessons represent refugee's views on the reasons why many people do not come back to the areas where evacuation instructions have been lifted. Basis of the lessons lies in the promotion policy of evacuees early return to home town by central government, despite the following situation has not be improved; that is, anxiety and fear of radiation exposure still continues; despite a severe nuclear accident, basic energy policies that do not shift to no nuclear power energy; industrial policies that nuclear power plants export are continuing to promote; Fukushima prefecture has issued an interim report that health effects caused by radiation of nuclear accident were not observed due to the prefectural health survey. The conflict between scientists on academic findings concerning low dose exposure to health effects in the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident caused the unreliability from victims and people to science. In response to such a serious question, Science Council of Japan switched from "Science for Science" to "Science in Society" and asks "How academia should face citizens and administrative government". These recommendations were principle of reconstruction, radiation decontamination, low dose radiation health management, disaster area reconstruction, victims' livelihood restoration, employment recovery, energy future selection, treatment and disposal of radioactive waste, and so on. Each stands different position between citizen and scientist, so that it is difficult for them to perfectly match. Nevertheless, because nuclear disaster keeps on cumulative damage for victims, SCJ should be continuing to present the recommendation timely in the today and tomorrow.