著者

井原 なみは 入戸野 宏

出版者

広島大学大学院総合科学研究科

雑誌

広島大学大学院総合科学研究科紀要. I, 人間科学研究 (ISSN:18817688)

巻号頁・発行日

no.6, pp.13-17, 2011-12-31

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"Kawaii" is a Japanese word that is translated as cute in English. This word becomes popular worldwide and is regarded as a key concept characterizing modern Japanese culture. However, the word is used so widely in daily life that it is difficult to define what is kawaii and what makes things kawaii. Ethologists have suggested that baby schema, a set of physical features of baby animals, is a key stimulus to elicit the feeling of cuteness. In this study, we examined the relationship between the feeling of cuteness and the infantility of various objects in a survey of 166 university students. First, we collected 93 animate and inanimate objects that are sometimes described as kawaii. Half of the raters (n = 84) made the cuteness ratings of the 93 items (either words or short phrases), while the other half (n = 82) made the infantility ratings of these items. Consistent with the baby schema hypothesis, the ratings of cuteness and infantility were moderately correlated (rs = .50 and .45 for men and women, respectively). However, there was a cluster of items that were rated as cute but not infant (e.g., smile, accessories, and pastel color), which are probably related to feminine culture. Moreover, women rated various items to be cuter than men did, while no gender difference was found for the infantility rating. The findings suggest that, although the feeling of kawaii is elicited by baby schema and infantility, its scope is not limited to them.

著者

塩本 文夫

出版者

広島大学大学院総合科学研究科

雑誌

広島大学大学院総合科学研究科紀要. I, 人間科学研究 (ISSN:18817688)

巻号頁・発行日

no.8, pp.57-60, 2013-12-31

著者

彦坂(片山) 智恵 彦坂 暁

出版者

広島大学大学院総合科学研究科

雑誌

広島大学大学院総合科学研究科紀要. I, 人間科学研究 (ISSN:18817688)

巻号頁・発行日

no.5, pp.39-46, 2010-12-31

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Waminoa sp. is an acoelomorph worm that infests corals and harbors two species of dinofl agellates, Amphidinium sp. and Symbiodinium sp.. These symbiotic algae are inherited vertically from parent to offspring during oogenesis. In this study, we established a method for artificial breeding of Waminoa sp., as the first step toward using Waminoa sp. in the study of the mechanism underlying animal–algal symbiosis and the evolution of this symbiosis. We developed a system in which an aquarium circulated approximately 80 L of artifi cial seawater between an upper aquarium and a lower sump, each of which was 45 cm × 30 cm × 35 cm in size and contained 40 L of seawater. Water flowed into the upper aquarium from the sump alternately through a pipe outlet. The upper aquarium contained the hard coral Symphyllia valenciennesii, live rocks, and a layer of fine sand. A 150-W metal halide lamp was suspended over the aquarium to aid photosynthesis. The system was maintained at a salinity of 32–33 ppt and a temperature of 23°C, on a 14-h light (17–50 μmol quanta m-2s-1) : 10-h dark photoperiod. We succeeded in producing almost every stage of the life cycle of Waminoa sp., including the zygote, embryo, larva, juvenile, and adult stages, independent of seasons. In addition, we developed an artificial oviposition procedure that involved isolation from coral in the mature stage. The system developed in this study will serve as a foundation for future studies on acoel–algal symbiosis.

著者

灘 久代

出版者

広島大学大学院総合科学研究科

雑誌

広島大学大学院総合科学研究科紀要. I, 人間科学研究 (ISSN:18817688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.57-59, 2016-12-31

著者

鎌田 彩夏 佐々木 丈予 関矢 寛史

出版者

広島大学大学院総合科学研究科

雑誌

広島大学大学院総合科学研究科紀要. I, 人間科学研究 (ISSN:18817688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.9-15, 2014-12-31

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The first purpose of this study was to investigate what motivated spectators to attend games of the Hiroshima Toyo Carp (Carp). The second purpose was to investigate the influence of previous attendance at Carp games in 2012 and seat types on the motivation for attending games. Among the spectators of baseball games that took place on September 18 and 19, 2012 at the Mazda Zoom-Zoom Stadium Hiroshima (Mazda Stadium), 467 completed a questionnaire. The questionnaire included items related to demographic information, the number of times the spectators had watched games at Mazda Stadium that year, the type of seat they occupied on the day, the team they supported that day, their favorite team, and 17 motivation items from a modified version of the Sport Spectator Motivation Scale. The results showed that the spectators were strongly motivated by "pleasure of spectating games," "devotion to the Carp," and "exciting play." Motivation scores for "devotion to the Carp," "attachment to Hiroshima," and "cheering" increased as the number of previous attendance increased. The scores for "being invited by friends or family members" and "spending time with friends or their boyfriend or girlfriend" were higher for spectators occupying group seats than those in individual seats. These results suggest that increasing the number of spectators at Mazda Stadium games demands multiple strategies to match spectators' needs.