著者

藤岡 正子 佐古 隆之 木目 良太郎 村瀬 訓生 長田 卓也 下村 浩祐 白石 聖 勝村 俊仁 佐藤 和人

出版者

イセブ

雑誌

日本運動生理学雑誌 (ISSN:13403036)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.35-42, 2010-07

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether 6 weeks handgrip endurance exercise training affects resting muscle metabolic rate in forearm flexor muscles. Eight healthy female subjects (22±0yr) performed dynamic handgrip exercise training until exhaustion at 30% of maximum voluntary contraction, 1Hz (0.5s contraction, 0.5s relaxation). Aerobic exercise for localized muscle training was carried out for 1 set per day, 5 days a week, for 6 weeks. Resting muscle metabolic rate, and time constant for phosphocreatine (PCr) recovery as an index of muscle oxidative capacity were measured using ^<31>P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (^<31>P-MRS) pre- and post-training. Performance time was evaluated during handgrip exercise at 30% MVC. The time constant tended to be shorter post-training (46.6±2.9s) compared with pre-training (50.7±2.8s) (p=0.07). After training, the performance time (84.5±5.8s) was significantly longer than pre-training (52.9±3.5s) (p<0.05). No significant difference of resting metabolic rate was found between pre- and post-training (5.8±0.4, 6.0±0.3μM ATP/s pre- and post-training, respectively). These results suggest that the resting muscle metabolic rate in forearm flexor muscles was unchanged by localized aerobic exercise training, even though muscle endurance capacity improved.

著者

野口,範子

出版者

日本運動生理学会事務局

雑誌

日本運動生理学雑誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, 2003-03-31

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There are increasing reports that the inflammatory responses induced by exercise result in generation of free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). These reactive molecules are known to increase oxidation products and decrease antioxidants resulting in cell damage. The roles of antioxidants in protection of our bodies from ROS-induced oxidative damage have been investigated extensively. The involvement of ROS in gene regulation has been received much attention. It has been reported that exercise induces expression of antioxidant enzymes such as Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and γ-glutamylcysteine sybthetase (GCS). The regulation of these enzymes is through NF-kB pathway activated by ROSs which were produced in cell due to exercise. In conclusion, acute severe exercise may cause damage but appropriate exercise makes our body resistant against oxidative stress.

著者

角谷,雄哉

出版者

日本運動生理学会事務局

雑誌

日本運動生理学雑誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, 2014-02-01

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The velocity of absorption of dietary amino acids varies according to the type of dietary protein. Recently, blends of whey and casein protein products have been commercially appeared sports nutrition fields. However, change of plasma amino acid concentration after ingestion of blend of whey and casein protein is unclear. We hypothesized that the ingestion of an equal blend of whey and casein protein would maintain long time the plasma amino acids concentration than that of only whey protein. To examine the digestion rate of blends of two proteins, we characterized time- dependent change of plasma amino acid concentration after ingestion of it. This study consisted of three trials by double blind cross over fashion. The subjects were eight healthy people. The subjects ingested one of the 20g proteins: a whey only, a casein only, or an equal blend of whey and casein, respectively. Plasma total amino acids (TAA) indicated a significant increase at 30 min after ingestion of protein and maintained up to 60 min. At 120 min after ingestion of protein, plasma TAA also indicated a significant decrease from 90 min, and returned to the base line at 240 min. There was no significant variability of plasma amino acid concentration by types of protein on plasma TAA. As an ingestion of protein blends, area under the curve of plasma urea in male was significant lower compared with the whey protein ingestion. These findings might indicate that ingestion of blend protein probably resulted in promote postprandial protein deposition by inhibition of protein breakdown.

著者

本岡,佑子

出版者

日本運動生理学会事務局

雑誌

日本運動生理学雑誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, 2010-07-31

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of physical activity on taste thresholds to obtain the knowledge for preventing voluntary dehydration. Taste thresholds were measured in 18 university student athletes (baseball players) before and after a routine training. Taste responses to sucrose (sweet), NaCl (salty), citric acid (sour) were tested. The values of detection threshold for sour were significantly decreased. The recognition threshold for salty was also significantly decreased. Otherwise recognition threshold for sweet was not significant, but prone to decrease. There was also rise in salivary pH and improvement of mood after exercise. These results indicate that taste thresholds change after physical activity. This variation of taste thresholds could be influenced by sweat loss during exercise. These results suggest that the body biotransformation caused by sweat loss may change taste thresholds after severe physical activity.

著者

藤本 哲男

出版者

日本運動生理学会

雑誌

日本運動生理学雑誌 (ISSN:13403036)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.2, pp.161-166, 1997-08-30

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The purpose of this experiment was to test whether a mechanical circulatory simulator (MCS), which has been developed in order to evaluate characteristics of artificial organs, could be used to simulate exercise stress tests. The MCS consists of an atrium, an aorta and a ventricle which is driven by a DC motor. It is important to reproduce natural hemodynamic conditions in the MCS. At first, a computational simulation model, which can simulate natural circulatory reactions to exercise stress tests, was developed. Utilizing an algorithm in the model, a blood pressure control system was installed in the MCS. A personal computer used aortic pressure feedback to calculate proper cardiac output, heart rate and total peripheral resistance to control the MCS. Hemodynamic data including aortic pressure, heart rate, cardiac output and total peripheral resistance obtained in the MCS was similar to that from exercise stress tests conducted on a goat using a treadmill (3.2km/h). As a result, the new MCS, with the blood pressure control system, is now considered more effective than previous simulators in exercise stress testing for the aged.

著者

浜野 学 大橋 信行 松田 竜太郎 清田 寛 大和 眞 川上 隆史

出版者

日本運動生理学会

雑誌

日本運動生理学雑誌 (ISSN:13403036)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.1, 1998-03-31

著者

山崎 先也 岡本 啓 松久 ミユキ 野原 隆司 田口 貞善

出版者

日本運動生理学会

雑誌

日本運動生理学雑誌 (ISSN:13403036)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.99-105, 2001-10-31

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The purpose of this study was to compare the bone turnover between eleven young female rhythmic sports gymnasts(aged 19-21 yr.)and nine sedentary control female subject(aged 21-22 yr.). The gymnasts were training 4-6 hours per day, 7 times per week with dieting. Bone turnover was assesed using speciific biomarkers of formation(serum intact osteocalcin)and resorption(the 24 hours urinary deoxypyridinoline). The gymnasts had significantly lower percent fat and body weights than the control females. The gymnasts showed significantly lower levels of serum calcium but slightly higher urinary calcium concentrations compared with the controls. The gymnasts had significantly higher bone resorption and lower bone formation compared with the control females. The findings suggest that an increased bone resorption in the female rhythmic sports gymnasts may cause loss of bone mass which was probably due to the vigorous exercise training under dieting regimes.

著者

田中 喜代次 金 憲経 中西 とも子 天貝 均

出版者

日本運動生理学会

雑誌

日本運動生理学雑誌 (ISSN:13403036)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.1, pp.37-45, 1999-01-30

被引用文献数

14

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The results of early work completed using bioelectrical impedance for body composition assessment was limited by technological problems. Most of the research has focused on bioelectrical impedance conducted at a frequency of 50 kHz. It has been recently determined that low- and high-frequency bioelectrical impedance measurements can be used to distinguish the volume of extracellular water (ECW) from the volume of total body water (TBW). Therefore, a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance method allows an independent assessment of ECW, TBW, and intracellular water (ICW). Using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA; Lunar DPX-L) as a reference method, we examined the validity of bone mineral content and bone-free lean tissue mass (LTM) measured by a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance instrument (MLT-100, Sekisui) using a number of frequencies ranging from 2.5 kHz to 350 kHz applied to the right side of the body. The subjects were 52 men and 109 women, aged 23 to 86 years (men: 53.2±17.37 yr, women: 52.5±17.07 yr). The average LTM determined by DXA were 49.4± 5.92 kg for men and 35.6±4.35 kg for women. Multiple regression equations developed in the present study for estimating LTM were: LTM=0.306X_1+0.003X_2+0.098X_3+3.44 (R=0.948, SEE=1.93 kg) for men LTM=0.169X_1+0.003X_2+0.186X_3+5.75 (R=0.917, SEE=1.76 kg) for women where X_1=Ht^2/R_<HIGH>, X_2=H^3/1000 and X_3=Ht^2/R_<LOW> an R_<HIGH> and R_<LOW> stand for resistance of TBW and resistance of ECW, respectively. These equations may be used to evaluate body composition for a wide range of Japanese adults with reasonable accuracy.

著者

大貫 義人

出版者

日本運動生理学会

雑誌

日本運動生理学雑誌 (ISSN:13403036)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, 1994-01-29