著者

佐藤 知雄 山中 直道

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.8, pp.658-668, 1939

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The following equations of the carburizing equilibrium have been confirmed by many investigators.<BR>3Fe+2CO Fe<SUB>3</SUB>C+CO<SUB>2</SUB>[Fe-C-O System]<BR>3Fe+CH<SUB>4</SUB> Fe<SUB>3</SUB>C+2H<SUB>2</SUB>[Fe-C-H System]<BR>Lately Mr. Madono presented the opinion in which he asserted the carburizing equation should be represented as follows:<BR>(Solid Sol.)+2CO (Solid Sol.)+CO<SUB>2</SUB><BR>(Solid Sol.)+CH<SUB>4</SUB> (Solid Sol.)+2H<SUB>2</SUB><BR>On account of the unstableness of Fe3C, after iron or steel is saturated with carbon the equilibria coincide with 2CO C+CO<SUB>2</SUB> or CH<SUB>4</SUB> C+2H<SUB>2</SUB>. He carried out experiments on carburizing of the electrolytic iron sheet for a long time at various temperatures with the solid carburizing mixture, and the result obtained was that C contents absorbed in the iron sheet coincided with the saturated concentration of graphite in austenite. He cosidered that this result proved the truth of his own theory.<BR>The authors also carried out carburizing experiments with the electrolytic iron wire, 0&middot;5mm thick, by pure CO gas, and found that at a temperature below A1 point the formation of Fe<SUB>3</SUB>C was surely recognized by means of magnetic and X-ray analyses, and at a temperature above A1 point C was absorbed over the saturation value of that in austenite. In considering this fact, the authors supports the old theory of carburization. In the case of the pack carburizing, however, the carburizing action stops when C% reaches the saturation value at any temperature, but this fact does not suggest the carburizing equilibrium to be 2CO C+CO<SUB>2</SUB> in all cases.

著者

三島 徳七 桶谷 繁雄

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.3, pp.206-211, 1939

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Les auteurs ont &eacute;tudi&eacute; le film mince du soufre orthorhombique au moyen des rayons cathodiques et ils ont trouv&eacute; que<BR>(1) L'&eacute;tude quantitative des diagrammes &eacute;lectroniques fournit les trois param&egrave;tres suivants: a=5&middot;2&Aring;; b=6.4&Aring;; c=12&middot;2&Aring;, soit exactement les valeurs trouv&eacute;es par Bragg.<BR>(2) Il a &eacute;t&eacute; possible de suivre le passage progressif des diagrammes de r&eacute;seau &agrave; 3 dimensions aux diagrammes de r&eacute;seaux &agrave; 2 dimensions, gr&acirc;ce &agrave; la sublimation progressive des p&eacute;llicules de soufre dans le vide. Nous avons obtenu les diagrammes correspondant aux plans que l'on observe le plue souvent pour des cristaux macroscopiques de soufre orthorhombique, soit les plans (100), (010), (011), (111).<BR>(3) Sous l'influence de l'echauffement produit par le bambardement &eacute;lectronique ainsi que de la sublimation, il apparait parfois un brusque changement dans l' orientation du soufre &eacute;tudi&eacute;.

著者

野呂 景義

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.2, pp.159-167, 1916-02-25 (Released:2009-05-26)

著者

俵 国一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.11, pp.1234-1271, 1919-11-25 (Released:2009-07-09)

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

宮下 格之助

出版者

The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.5-13, 1935-01-25 (Released:2009-07-09)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1

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It is a well-known fact that cold blast charcoal pig iron has the far more superior qualities than that of coke pig iron, but is not yet clear that causes. The author studied the relation between the strength and the melting con, ditions, and finally determined the nitrogen content in the above test pieces. The nitrogen obtained from these test pieces are, in cold blast charcoal pig 0.0008-0.0010%, in hot blast charcoal pig 0.0012-0.0020%, in electric arc furnace iron 0.0015-0.0035%, in. coke pig 0.0017-0.0025%, The strength of cast iron is almost inverse oroportional to the nitrogen content in the materials. From these facts, the author concludes that the small contents of the nitrogen in cold blast charcoal pig iron is one of the main couses giving rise to its superior qualities.

著者

堀切 政康

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.10, pp.1063-1086, 1930

著者

水崎 基一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.6, pp.609-622, 1919

著者

俵 國一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.6, pp.566-579, 1920-06-25 (Released:2009-05-26)

著者

河村 驍

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.12, pp.1323-1346, 1919-12-25 (Released:2009-07-09)

著者

青山 兵吉

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.3, pp.205-211, 1921-03-25 (Released:2009-07-09)

著者

石田 四郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.10, pp.10-48, 1924-10-25 (Released:2009-07-09)

著者

嘉村 平八

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.109-118, 1931

被引用文献数

2

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Some years ago, the author has published on the foundamental investigation of the reduction of iron ores by hydrogen, on the Meiji Senmon Gakko Gahuho and the Journal of Iron and Steel Institute. In this investigation he made the experiment of reduction by hydrogen on the different kinds of ore, from 2, 000 to 5, 000 grams to investigate the properties of melted iron produced from the reduced iron. He determined proper temperature and time of the reduction in nearly industrial scale using the iron sands from Sanin and Kuji, and the iron ores from Taihei, Johole, Tochu, Ansan and the mill scales. The sponge iron after reduction was made as brickets under the pressure, 2 tons per square inch. From 1kg, to 1&middot;5kg. of the brickets is melted in an electric resistance furnace made by carbon-tube and cast as ingot. The phenomena of the melting was observed, and the degree of the reduction of phospkorus and sulphur was estimated, also, the impurities in the iron was analysed.<BR>The ingot iron obtained by the melting was forged after heating and compared the physical properties of the iron produced by different kind of ores<BR>Generally, it is known, in the blast furnace working, that nearly all the phosphorous in the charge is reduced and goes into the pig iron and it is impossible to remove the phosphorous into the slag. But, in this e all the phosphorous is not reduced on account of low temperature of reduction and the ureduced phosphorous which exist as its oxide is removed in the slag during the melting. It is recognized that the degree of reduction changes by the temperature of reduction. To confirm this phenomena, the high phosphorous iron ores, Taihei and Johole is reduced in different temperatures between 600&deg;C and 1, 100&deg;C and investigated the phosphorous content in the iron and slag obtained by the melting of the sponge iron to observe the influence of the temperature on the reduction of phosphorous.

著者

嘉村 平八

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.4, pp.405-410, 1932

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The phosphorus in the iron and steel gives most injurious effect on their properties as well as sulphur, so that it is encouraged to eliminate the phos-phorus as lower as possible in their manufacture.<BR>There are many literatures as to the effects of phosphorus on the mechanical properties of steel, but as its effects change by the amount of carbon and other impurities in it, it is impossible to specify the limit of phosphorus content which is not objectionable to the properties of steel, and also it is impossible to express the change of mechanical properties by the increase of phosphorus content.<BR>The author made the phosphor-irons which contain the phosphorus from 0.014 to 0.91 per cent with very small amount of carbon and other impurities, and he investigated the effect of phosphorus on the mechanical and physical properties of iron.

著者

嘉村 平八

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.7, pp.517-521, 1934

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The specimens of manganese iron which contains up to 3.82% of manganese are made by the melted iron obtained from the sponge iron by hydrogen reduction with the metallic manganese in the market. Ten ingots of different manganese content are forged into the proper shape for the investigation. The measurement of electric conductivity, the mechanical testing and the microscopic investigation on the specimens were carried on as forged, annealed and quenched conditions.<BR>The electric resistivity of the annealed sample increases 0.6 microhm by incrensing 0.1% of Mn and that of the quenched sample is little higher than annealed ones The tensile strength and the elastic limit gradually increase up to 2% Mn, proportionally to the manganese content and over 2%, the ratio of increase is remarkable. In the quenched sample, these increase is marked up to 2% Mn, over 2%, the rate of increase in tensile strength is reduced and the elastic limit decreases suddenly. The elongation and the reduction area decrease exceedingly up to 0.2% Mn, over 0.2% they do not show much decrease by increasing the manganese content and over 2.2% Mn show sudden decrease. In the quenched specimens the rapid decrease of the reduction area is recognized increasing manganese under 0.67% and by increasing more manganese there is not much change in elongation and reduction area. But there is shown sudden decrease from 2.8% to 3.8% Mn in which malleability can hardly be recognized.<BR>The impact value is markedly reduced as the manganese content decreases. Especially in the annealed condition, this phenomenon is more marked, in 0.7% Mn it is 3kg. -meter. Then as the manganese content increases it suddenly goes up and reaches maximum, 13kg. -meter, in 2% Mn. Over this content of manganese it shows sudden decrease and in 3.8% there is almost no value in all conditions.<BR>In the micro-scopic investigation, the structure of low manganese specimens in annealed condition consist all ferrite crystals. When the manganese content increases to about 2% some martensitic structure appears and in 3.8% manganese it changes completely to martensite. In the quenched condition, the martensitic structure appears already in 0.677% manganese and the structure becomes completely martensite in 2% manganese.

著者

嘉村 平八

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.7, pp.394-396, 1951

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The author proposes a process for making of pure iron by a duplex process of Bessemer converter and bigh frequency electric furnace as an economical induatrial process. The molten pig iron melted in a cupola furnace was blown in the basic or acid bessemer converter depending on the phosphorus content to eliminate the impurities. <BR>The carbon content in the blown metal was kept under 0.04 per cent. The refining of the blown metal was carried out in the high frequeney electric furnace with acid slag. The final metal obtained contained very small impurities and it is recognized that it is not difficult to make the carbon cont-ent of iron under 0.02 per cent and to deoxidize the metal by acid slag to obtain the pure iron with good mechanical properties.

著者

嘉村 平八

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.10, pp.699-708, 1923

被引用文献数

2

著者

嘉村 平八

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.12, pp.863-866, 1922

著者

嘉村 平八

出版者

社団法人日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.11-30, 1925

著者

嘉村 平八

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.7, pp.475-489, 1924

被引用文献数

1

著者

嘉村 平八

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鐵と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.8, pp.643-655, 1935

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The author has been published on the effects of phosphorus as to the mechanical and physical properties of iron on this journal, Vol. XVIII, No. 4. This is the contuniation. of the previous investigation. It has been known that the magnetic properties of the iron is remarkably effected by small amount of impurities in it and the superior magnetic properties is obtained to eilminate the impurities as lower as possible in its manufacture.<BR>The author incidently discovered, in an occasion of investigation of iron made by the process of hydrogen reduction, that the phosphorus in the iron improves the magnetic properties of iron-that is high permeability and low hysteresis loss.<BR>In this research, the magnetic properties of phosphor iron, containing lower than 1% P was investigated. When the amount of phosphorus in the iron is about 0&middot;7% the maximum permeability reached to 20, 000 and the hysteresis loss decreased to less than 1, 000 ergs. per sq. cm. per cycle; that is nearly correspond to three times in the maximum permeability and 60% in the hysteresis loss compared with the 3&middot;5% silicon-steel in the market. When the phosphorus content is more than 0&middot;5%, no ageing phenomena was obserbed. It was recognized that the proper annealing temperature exist by different phosphorus content to obtain best magnetic properties. In the investigation of the microscopic structure, the higher the phosphorus content in the iron the larger grain size was to be seen as in case of the silicon-steel, but it is not much remarkable when the phosphorus content reaches to more than 0&middot;5%. When the annealing temperature is raised to the recrystalized range which is seen from the constitutional diagram of Fe-P, the deleterious effects on the magnetic properties was observed.