著者

YUTAKA KUNIMATSU HIROSHI TSUJIKAWA MASATO NAKATSUKASA DAISUKE SHIMIZU NAOMICHI OGIHARA YASUHIRO KIKUCHI YOSHIHIKO NAKANO TOMO TAKANO NAOKI MORIMOTO HIDEMI ISHIDA

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.125, no.2, pp.59-65, 2017 (Released:2017-09-21)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

2

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We here describe a prosimian specimen discovered from the early Middle Miocene (~15 Ma) of Nachola, northern Kenya. It is a right maxilla that preserves P4–M3, and is assigned to a new species of the Miocene lorisid genus Mioeuoticus. Previously, Mioeuoticus was known from the Early Miocene of East Africa. The Nachola specimen is therefore the first discovery of this genus from the Middle Miocene. The presence of a new lorisid species in the Nachola fauna indicates a forested paleoenvironment for this locality, consistent with previously known evidence including the abundance of large-bodied hominoid fossils (Nacholapithecus kerioi), the dominance of browsers among the herbivore fauna, and the presence of plenty of petrified wood.

著者

KAREN L. BAAB YAHDI ZAIM

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.125, no.2, pp.67-83, 2017 (Released:2017-09-21)

参考文献数

89

被引用文献数

7

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Homo erectus is among the best-represented fossil hominin species, with a particularly rich record in Indonesia. Understanding variation within this sample and relative to other groups of H. erectus in China, Georgia, and Africa is crucial for answering questions about H. erectus migration, local adaptation, and evolutionary history. Neurocranial shape is analyzed within the Indonesian sample, including representatives from Sangiran, Ngandong, Sambungmacan, and Ngawi, as well as a comparative sample of H. erectus from outside of Java, using three-dimensional geometric morphometric techniques. This study includes several more recently described Indonesian fossils, including Sambungmacan 4 and Skull IX, producing a more complete view of Indonesian variation than seen in previous shape analyses. While Asian fossils can be distinguished from the African/Georgian ones, there is not a single cranial Bauplan that distinguishes all Indonesian fossils from those in other geographic areas. Nevertheless, late Indonesian H. erectus, from sites such as Ngandong, are quite distinct relative to all other H. erectus groups, including earlier fossils from the same region. It is possible that this pattern represents a loss of genetic diversity through time on the island of Java, coupled with genetic drift, although other interpretations are plausible. A temporal pattern of diachronic change was identified within Indonesia for the posterior neurocranium such that younger Sangiran fossils more closely approached the Ngandong/Sambungmacan/Ngawi pattern, but there was not a linear trend of shape change from Sangiran to Sambungmacan to Ngandong, as has been suggested previously. The Sambungmacan 3 fossil, which often appears as a morphological outlier, fits the general pattern of late Indonesian vault shape, but has a more extreme expression of the shape trends for this group than other individuals.

著者

BELÉN LOPEZ JOSÉ MANUEL LOPEZ-GARCIA SERAFÍN COSTILLA EVA GARCIA-VAZQUEZ EDUARDO DOPICO ANTONIO F. PARDIÑAS

出版者

日本人類学会

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.170515, (Released:2017-07-20)

被引用文献数

6

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The hypothesis of an American origin of acquired (venereal) syphilis and other infectious diseases carried by Columbus’s crew has been considered for a long time as the most plausible one, and has been supported recently by considerable anthropological and molecular evidence. According to this line of thought, it can be argued that Spain would have been the gateway of acquired syphilis, which quickly expanded after the return of Columbus in the late 15th century. However, the hypothesis that syphilis previously existed in Europe but went unrecognized has also been considered by many authors. The present work reports one Pre-Columbian putative case of venereal syphilis found in a Spanish necropolis and radiocarbon dated to the 9th–11th century. The complexities of carrying out accurate diagnoses in remains from archaeological timeframes are addressed by the combined use of palaeopathological, medical, and histological techniques. The results, which point toward third-stage acquired syphilis, spark discussion about the need to revisit or complement the theories and hypothesis on the origin of syphilis in the light of a growing body of cases from European historical populations.

著者

RYAN W. SCHMIDT ANDREJ A. EVTEEV

出版者

日本人類学会

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.140724, (Released:2014-11-18)

被引用文献数

1

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This study quantifies the population history of Iron Age nomads of southern Siberia by analyzing craniofacial diversity among contemporaneous Bronze and Iron Age (7th–2nd centuries BC) groups and compares them to a larger geographic sample of modern Siberian and Central Asian populations. In our analyses, we focus on peoples of the Tagar and Pazyryk cultures, and Iron Age peoples of the Tuva region. Twenty­six cranial landmarks of the vault and facial skeleton were analyzed on a total of 461 ancient and modern individuals using geometric morphometric techniques. Male and female crania were separated to assess potential sex­biased migration patterns. We explore southern Siberian population history by including Turkic­speaking peoples, a Xiongnu Iron Age sample from Mongolia, and a Bronze Age sample from Xinjiang. Results show that male Pazyryk cluster closer to Iron Age Tuvans, while Pazyryk females are more isolated. Conversely, Tagar males seem more isolated, while Tagar females cluster amongst an Early Iron Age southern Siberian sample. When additional modern Siberian samples are included, Tagar and Pazyryk males cluster more closely with each other than females, suggesting possible sex­biased migration amongst different Siberian groups. This is evident in modern female Tuva, who cluster with modern female Kalmyk, while modern Tuvan males do not. Male and female Iron Age Tuvans are not closely related to modern Tuvan peoples living in the region today, resulting from the influx of the Xiongnu beginning in the Late Iron Age. Both male and female Pazyryk and Tagar crania appear more similar to Central Asia groups, especially the Kazakh and Uzbek samples. However, there is evidence that Tagar females have a common origin with the Yakut, a modern nomadic population that resides in northeastern Siberia. These results would suggest variable genetic contributions for both sexes from Central and East Asia.

著者

MARC F. OXENHAM LORNA TILLEY HIROFUMI MATSUMURA LAN CUONG NGUYEN KIM THUY NGUYEN KIM DUNG NGUYEN KATE DOMETT DAMIEN HUFFER

出版者

日本人類学会

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.117, no.2, pp.107-112, 2009 (Released:2009-07-24)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

12 36 9

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This communication documents one of the earliest verifiable cases of human paralysis associated with severe spinal pathology. A series of skeletal abnormalities is described for a young adult male (M9) from a Southeast Asian Neolithic community. Differential diagnosis suggests that M9 suffered from a severely disabling congenital fusion of the spine (Klippel–Feil Syndrome, Type III), resulting in child-onset lower body paralysis at a minimum (maximally quadriplegia). M9 experienced severe, most probably total, incapacitation for at least a decade prior to death. In the prehistoric context, this individual’s condition would have rendered him completely dependent on others for survival.

著者

ANA MARIA SILVA RUI MARQUES

出版者

日本人類学会

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.118, no.3, pp.185-189, 2010 (Released:2010-12-21)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

8 12 2

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Lapa do Bugio is a small natural cave located in a limestone cliff hanging over the sea at Azóia, Sesimbra, around 40 km south of Lisbon. This cave was used as burial place in the Late Neolithic. The necropolis comprised ten individual graves, an ossuary and a small cache, but today it is impossible to assign bones to individual graves. Therefore the anthropological remains were studied as if they were from an ossuary. The human remains from this site housed in the Museu Municipal de Sesimbra were recently re-studied by the current authors. Based on the number of mandibles, the remains represent at least 16 individuals, 15 adults and one sub-adult. Among the three vertebral remains, an arrowhead was found embedded in the second cervical vertebra of an adult of unknown sex. The tip had entered into the vertebral body and the other end of the arrowhead was lodged against the spinous process, indicating that this projectile had entered from behind. Therefore, this injury penetrated through the spinal cord of the individual, who could not possibly have survived. X-rays and computer tomography confirmed that there were no signs of healing. No other indications of trauma were observed in the human bone sample. The aim of this paper is to describe this projectile injury. It represents the first Portuguese Late Neolithic case in which an arrowhead has been found embedded in bone and adds to the very few archaeological case descriptions available worldwide.

著者

HIROAKI SATO KYOHEI KAWAMURA KOJI HAYASHI HIROYUKI INAI TARO YAMAGUCHI

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1201250125, (Released:2012-01-27)

被引用文献数

4 19

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We designed observational surveys of controlled foraging trips of Baka hunter-gatherers in Cameroon to verify the ‘wild yam question’—i.e. is it possible for human beings to live without agricultural products in a tropical rainforest?—and to examine their foraging lifestyle. We observed two 20-day trips during which no agricultural or commercial food except salt and pepper could be used. The first trip was conducted by six married couples in August, the short dry season, of the year 2003, and the second one by eight married couples in October, the rainy season, 2005. The Baka cooperators obtained 22 species and 43 vernacular names of food in all during both survey periods. No cooperators lost weight from any food shortage in both seasons. Energy intake per consumption-day was estimated at 2528–2865 kilocalories in the dry season, and at 2479–2777 kilocalories in the rainy season. Providing more than 60% of estimated energy intake in both seasons, wild yam tubers proved to be an essential food to enable a foraging life in tropical rainforests. From this survey we could find no evidence that it is impossible to live independently of agriculture in a tropical rainforest although it seemed that the cooperators paid a high energy cost to secure food, especially wild yam tubers. This study implies that a Paleolithic foraging lifestyle in the African tropical rainforest was very likely, although not easy, and that Paleolithic foragers may have been the ancestors of the present ‘pygmy’ hunter-gatherers.

著者

TARO YAMAUCHI TAKASHI ABE TAISHI MIDORIKAWA MASAKATSU KONDO

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0406280009, (Released:2004-06-29)

被引用文献数

7 9

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The body mass index [BMI = body weight/height2 (kg/m2)] is widely used as an indicator of obesity. However, BMI is not the best way to assess obesity, because obesity is an excess of body fat, not body weight. The difference between obesity assessments based on BMI and those based on the percentage of body fat (%Fat) causes problems in evaluating extraordinarily large people, such as Sumo wrestlers, who have both a large fat mass and a large muscle mass. We assessed obesity in male college Sumo wrestlers (n = 15) and non-athlete students (n = 20) using BMI and %Fat as reference indices. Anthropometric parameters and resting metabolic rate (in the sitting position) were measured. The mean body weight, BMI, and %Fat for Sumo wrestlers were 125.1 kg, 40.0, and 25.6%, respectively, which were extraordinarily high, as compared to non-athlete students (P 25%). Furthermore, the body composition chart clearly showed that some Sumo wrestlers were no more adipose than the non-athlete students. Due to their remarkable muscle development, Sumo wrestlers have an excessive fat-free mass. Thus we conclude that it is necessary to consider both BMI and %Fat to assess obesity in excessively muscular people, such as Sumo wrestlers. Furthermore, we propose new criteria and methods for documenting obesity in Sumo wrestlers based on energy metabolism that considers physical activity and dietary intake.

著者

Silvia Blasco-Moreno Cecilia García-Campos Clément Zanolli Elena Gil-Donoso Anna Oettlé Mario Modesto-Mata Marina Martínez de Pinillos Laura Martín-Francés María Martinón-Torres José María Bermúdez de Castro

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2307141, (Released:2023-10-20)

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Numerous studies have shown that human dentition traits vary both between and within populations. However, there is still little knowledge about how dental tissue proportions differ between modern human groups. In this study, two samples of European and African individuals were compared to assess the possible differences and similarities present in the dental tissue dimensions of their permanent canines. For this purpose, the volumes and surface areas of the coronal dentine and pulp complex and the enamel cap of 127 canines were measured by microcomputed tomography. The results show the existence of interpopulation variability in the dental tissue pattern of both samples, which is mainly due to the presence of a larger enamel component in the African population, while dentine seems to play a less critical role in the differences described between both dental samples. We also observed a similar pattern of sexual dimorphism in the dental tissue proportions of European and African canines, but in this case, the intrapopulation variability was mainly due to the presence of a greater dentine component in males. Therefore, because the dimensions of dental tissues vary at both inter- and intrapopulation levels in modern human groups, our results highlight the importance of selecting comparative samples that are geographically mixed and sex-balanced for future paleoanthropological investigations on dental tissue patterns of extinct and extant species to avoid overestimating or underestimating any possible similarities or differences.

著者

Xiayire Xiaokaiti Takao Sato Kenji Kasai Kenichi Machida Kyomi Yamazaki Naomitsu Yamaji Hiroki Kikuchi Jun Gojobori Hitomi Hongo Yohey Terai Takashi Gakuhari

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.230617, (Released:2023-10-24)

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Archaeological evidence indicates that dogs appeared in Japan at least 9300 years ago, dur‍ing the Jomon period. The Jomon period dogs (Jomon dogs) retained the morphological characteristics of ancient domestic dogs throughout the Jomon period, possibly due to their geographical isolation ‍from continental dogs. Therefore, we expect them to retain the genetic characteristics of ancient domestic dogs. To explore this possibility, we determined the mitochondrial genomes of five Jomon dogs, including one of the oldest dogs in Japan (7400–7200 cal BP), and seven late-8th-century Japanese dogs (Suwada dogs). We analyzed these sequences with 719 mitochondrial genomes of an‍cient and modern canids. The dog mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences have been grouped into six clades (haplogroups A–F), and clade A comprises six sub-clades (sub-haplogroups A1–A6). Classification of the Jomon dogs’ mtDNA haplotypes revealed that these dogs belong to a nested A2/A3 sub-‍haplogroup not shared by other modern or ancient samples. The mtDNA sequences of Jomon dogs ‍form a monophyletic clade which is sister to the A3 sub-clade in the phylogenetic trees. Network analysis showed that the Jomon dogs’ mtDNA sub-clade diverged close to the base of the A2 and A3 haplotype network, which was centered by an ancient dog from South China. The Jomon dog mtDNAs diverged from A3 (~11500 years ago) soon after the A2 and A3 divergence (~12800 years ago), in‍di‍cating early divergence of the Jomon dogs’ sub-clade. These results suggest that the Jomon dogs were possibly introduced into the Japanese archipelago 11500–9300 years ago. The mtDNAs of late-8th-century dogs were more diverse and were different haplogroups than that of Jomon dogs, sug‍gesting that other haplogroups likely replaced the haplogroup of Jomon dogs through the introduction of dogs that accompanied the migration of people into Japan in later periods.

著者

ELENA GIL-DONOSO CECILIA GARCÍA-CAMPOS SILVIA BLASCO-MORENO MARIO MODESTO-MATA MARINA MARTÍNEZ DE PINILLOS CHITINA MORENO-TORRES MARÍA MARTINÓN-TORRES JOSÉ MARÍA BERMÚDEZ DE CASTRO

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.131, no.2, pp.107-115, 2023 (Released:2023-08-22)

参考文献数

68

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The dental tissue proportions of human permanent canines are one of only a few sexually dimorphic features that are present in childhood, and therefore offer the opportunity to estimate the sex of immature individuals. This work aims to evaluate for the first time the degree of sexual dimorphism in the three-dimensional (3D) measurements of deciduous canine dental tissues, to assess their potential in sexual assessment. Computed microtomographic techniques have been employed to analyse the maxillary and mandibular deciduous canines of 65 individuals (36 females and 29 males) of known sex and age. The teeth were scanned and the volumes and 3D surface areas of the enamel cup and the dentine–pulp complex were obtained. Our results did not show statistically significant differences in either the absolute or relative dimensions of the enamel and dentine between female and male teeth. We hence conclude that volumes and 3D surface areas of deciduous canine dental tissues do not allow for sex determination, which contrasts with what has been observed in permanent canines by other authors. The differences in the degree of sexual dimorphism in dental tissue proportions between permanent and deciduous canines seem to be due to a decrease in the intersexual variability of the dentine component dimensions. Since the dentine component is a tissue capable of responding to changes in sex hormone concentration levels, our results might indicate that hormones play a more important role in the development of sexual dimorphism in the permanent dentition than previously thought.

著者

TOMOHITO NAGAOKA AKIO SHIZUSHIMA JUNMEI SAWADA SOICHIRO TOMO KEIGO HOSHINO HANAKO SATO KAZUAKI HIRATA

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.116, no.2, pp.105-113, 2008 (Released:2008-08-27)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

27 33

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The purpose of this study was to develop new standards for determining the sex of fragmentary human skeletal remains. We measured height, width, and length of the mastoid process in medieval to early modern Japanese skeletons, from the Yuigahama-minami and Hitotsubashi sites, in order to provide a metric standard for the diagnosis of sex using the mastoid process. We calculated discriminant functions based on these measurements; the accuracy of sex classification was over 80% using a single variable, and reached 82–92% with two variables, mastoid height and width. This accuracy is equal to or better than that reported by some previous studies of sex determination using the cranium. However, when we examined intra- and interobserver errors in the mastoid process measurements, we found a high level of errors, and this highlights the difficulty involved in intraobserver repeatability and interobserver reproducibility. Our results imply that, in order to achieve reliable results of sex determination using the mastoid process, the measurement methods need to be carefully determined and executed.

著者

HIROFUMI MATSUMURA MINORU YONEDA HIDEAKI SHUDAI

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.114, no.3, pp.199-210, 2006 (Released:2006-12-19)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

3 3

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Eight human skeletons in a good state of preservation have been recovered from excavations at the Hasekouji-Shuhen site in Kamakura city, Kanto region, Japan. We conducted AMS radiocarbon dating that revealed the skeletons to belong to the early historic Asuka, Nara, and early Heian periods (circa 670–970 calAD). In terms of their cranial, dental, and limb bone measurements, the Hasekouji-Shuhen skeletons exhibit morphological characteristics that show affinities with the earlier Yayoi series, which are generally considered to represent immigrant populations from the Asian continent. Furthermore, an early indication of dolichocephalization was observed in these early historic people, a trait which became more pronounced in later medieval times. Three adult males have scars that may have been caused by assaults with a spear or a sword-like weapon. One male individual exhibits skeletal abnormalities including multiple cartilaginous exostosis.

著者

KAE KOGANEBUCHI TAKAFUMI KATSUMURA SHIGEKI NAKAGOME HAJIME ISHIDA SHOJI KAWAMURA HIROKI OOTA THE ASIAN ARCHIVAL DNA REPOSITORY CONSORTIUM

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.120, no.3, pp.199-208, 2012 (Released:2012-12-21)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

15 18

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Understanding the phylogenetic relationship between Hokkaido Ainu and Ryukyu islanders has been of great interest in human genetics, archaeology, and anthropology. We examined short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphisms on autosomes and Y-chromosomes for Ainu, and compared this with data from Ryukyu islanders. A statistical test for nine autosomal (A-STR) loci gave no indication that the Ainu had experienced any bottleneck effect(s). The genetic distances (Rst) based on the A-STR data consistently showed substantial differentiation between the Ainu and all other populations. The haplotype analysis based on Y-chromosomal (Y-STR) data revealed 10 distinct haplotypes found in 19 Ainu males; 7 out of 10 were Ainu-specific haplotypes, whereas two haplotypes were shared with two males from main-island Okinawa and Miyako island, respectively, indicating a strong, close relationship between the Ainu and the Ryukyu islanders. The time to the most recent common ancestor of the Y-lineages obtained in the Ainu and the Ryukyu islanders was estimated to be 37745 years ago. Overall, the A-STR showed uniqueness of the Ainu, and the Y-STR haplotypes revealed strong evidence for a link between the two indigenous populations of the Hokkaido and the Ryukyu islands.

著者

SHUICHI NAGATA

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.114, no.1, pp.45-57, 2006 (Released:2006-04-18)

参考文献数

64

被引用文献数

3 5

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After a long interruption due to the Pacific War and Malayan Emergency, anthropological research on the foraging populations of southern Thailand and northern Malaysia was resumed with renewed vigor by Thai, Malaysian, and international scholars. However, the link between recent findings and those reported by earlier workers in the region is often not made explicit. One difficulty in constructing a clear linkage is the lack of unambiguous identities or ‘names’ of the foraging groups under investigation. The present paper addresses this problem, examining the ‘names’ of the Sakai and Semang subgroups reported in the literature, evaluating the status of their referents, and discussing the reasons why subgroup names have been obscure.

著者

ICHIROU TANAKA HARUO TAKEFUSHI

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.101, no.2, pp.187-193, 1993 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

93 107

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Grooming behavior was studied from September 1990 to May 1992 in the provisioned troop of free-ranging Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) at Jigokudani Monkey Park, Japan. By confiscating what macaques picked up during grooming, we found that macaques pick up lice (Pedicinus obtusus and Pedicinus eurygaster) and the eggs of lice and eat them. Slow motion video replays were used to discriminate the prey of grooming. Most (98.9%) of what Japanese macaques picked up and ate during grooming were the eggs of lice. Hence, allogrooming has an altruistic function to eliminate the external parasites on others. In particular, grooming of infants by mothers appears to be important maternal care. On the other hand, in Japanese macaques, grooming is also insect-feeding behavior, and such selfish benefit may favor grooming under individual natural selection.

著者

KAE KOGANEBUCHI HIROKI OOTA

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.1, pp.59-69, 2021 (Released:2021-04-27)

参考文献数

100

被引用文献数

2 2

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Ancient DNA analysis became paleogenomics once high-throughput sequencing technology was applied to ancient DNA sequencing. Paleogenomics based on whole-genome information from Neanderthals and Denisovans showed that small fragments of these genomes remain in the modern human genome, and corresponding studies of anatomical modern humans clarified the history of migration and expansion among Homo sapiens. Due to geographical and environmental conditions, paleogenomic studies have fallen behind in Eastern compared with Western Eurasia. Recently, however, various capture sequencing techniques, which can enrich ancient DNA, have been used in East Eurasia, and the field of paleogenomics has been further developed. This review briefly introduces the history of ancient DNA analysis leading to paleogenomics, outlines three sequencing stages (partial, draft, and complete genome sequencing) and capture methods, and discusses the necessity of high-quality sequencing for paleogenomes of Eastern Eurasia.

著者

YASUHIRO YAMADA

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.220326, (Released:2022-05-19)

著者

YASUHIRO YAMADA

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2202192, (Released:2022-05-19)

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Archaeological study of the social structure of the Jomon period has advanced through discoveries about the relative positions of graves, the presence or absence therein of accessories and grave goods, head orientations of corpses, types of tooth extraction, and so on. In recent years, research using anthropological information—both physical and biological—obtained from excavated human bones has begun to elucidate the social structures of that time. This approach is called bioarchaeology. In the analysis of the social structure of the Jomon period, bioarchaeology has three principal uses: to reconstruct burial subgroups by 14C dating of human bones; to estimate genetic relationships between adjacent human bones; and to estimate the proportion of migrants in the overall population. Here, I review the analysis of the cemetery of the Odake shell-mound as an example of bioarchaeological research while touching on the history of archaeological research of Jomon social structure.

著者

DAISUKE WAKU TAKASHI GAKUHARI KAE KOGANEBUCHI MINORU YONEDA OSAMU KONDO TADAYUKI MASUYAMA YASUHIRO YAMADA HIROKI OOTA

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.220129, (Released:2022-05-19)

被引用文献数

2

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A draft whole genome sequence of a Jomon woman from the Ikawazu shell-mound site has been reported recently. The adult woman, IK002, was excavated with a child, IK001. Because of the burial situation with the child located above the adult, the two individuals were thought to be a mother–child relationship. In this study, we conducted a target capture sequencing, and obtained 258-fold coverage of the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequence of IK001. Comparing the mtDNA nucleotide sequences of IK001 and IK002, we found these were unambiguously different from each other. Thus, the mitogenome sequence analysis clarified that both have a non-mother–child relationship. This result sheds new light on the relationship between burial and kinship in Jomon archaeology.