著者

Caroline Wasonga Shingo Inoue James Kimotho Kouichi Morita Juliette Ongus Rosemary Sang Lillian Musila

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.5, pp.410-414, 2015 (Released:2015-09-18)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1 6

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Chikungunya (CHIK) is a mosquito-borne viral disease. In the 2004 CHIK outbreak in Kenya, diagnosis was delayed because of the lack of accurate diagnostics. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and evaluate an in-house IgM-capture enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (in-house ELISA) for the detection of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infections. Anti-CHIKV antibodies were raised in rabbits, purified and conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. These anti-CHIKV antibodies and cell-culture derived antigen were used to develop the ELISA. To validate the in-house ELISA, 148 patient sera from the 2005 Comoros CHIK outbreak were tested with centers for disease control and prevention (CDC) IgM-capture ELISA (CDC ELISA) and focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT) as reference assays. The in-house ELISA had a sensitivity of 97.6% and specificity of 81.3% compared to the CDC ELISA and a sensitivity of 91.1% and specificity of 96.7% compared to FRNT. Furthermore, 254 clinically suspected dengue patient samples from Eastern Kenya, collected in 2013, were tested for CHIKV IgM using the in-house ELISA. Out of the 254 samples, 26 (10.2%) were IgM positive, and of these 26 samples, 17 were further analyzed by FRNT and 14 (82.4%) were positive. The in-house ELISA was able to diagnose CHIKV infection among suspected dengue cases in the 2013 outbreak.

著者

Yoshio Tsuda Yoshihide Maekawa Kohei Ogawa Kentaro Itokawa Osamu Komagata Toshinori Sasaki Haruhiko Isawa Takashi Tomita Kyoko Sawabe

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2014.576, (Released:2015-03-13)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

4 47

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A total of 160 autochthonous dengue cases transmitted by Aedes albopictus were reported from August to October 2014 in Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. Ae. albopictus is a medically important vector of dengue virus which has been expanding its geographic distribution in temperate regions. The understanding of the distribution and density of biting Ae. albopictus during the dengue outbreak case in Tokyo 2014 is valuable and important to evaluate the epidemic-risk of dengue fever in other highly populated cities in Europe. Of the 160 cases, 134 patients had visited a same park located in central Tokyo, Yoyogi Park. Mosquitoes infected with dengue virus were collected from this park suggesting that the place was the exclusive center of dengue transmission. This study aimed to collect referential data to estimate the transmission threshold of dengue virus in terms of biting density of Ae. albopictus and demonstrated high transmission-risk areas of dengue virus in Yoyogi Park and the vicinity. The overall mean density of biting Ae. albopictus, 7.13/man/8 min, was sufficiently high for successful transmission of dengue virus, and areas with biting densities higher than the overall mean density were classified as high transmission-risk areas of dengue virus in Yoyogi Park.

著者

Md. Nazrul Islam Mondal Nazrul Hoque Md. Rocky Khan Chowdhury Md. Sabbir Hossain

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2013.323, (Released:2014-11-25)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1 15

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The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic continues to be subjected too much misconceptions and misinformed opinions which increases the risk of HIV transmission. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the determinant factors of different socioeconomic and demographic factors on misconceptions about HIV transmission of ever-married women in Bangladesh. Data and necessary information of 9,272 ever-married women were extracted Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011. The three types of misconceptions were considered. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses were used as the statistical tools to determine the factors of misconceptions about HIV transmission. The results revealed that misconceptions are more prevalent among the women of older aged, less educated, husband's less education, rural areas, poor economic condition, and less access to mass media. The respondent's age, education, husband's education, place of residence, wealth index, and exposure to mass media are significantly associated with the misconceptions. Finally, logistic regression analysis indentified age, education, place of residence, wealth index, and exposure to mass media are as the significant predictors. The socioeconomic factors are the key determinants of misconceptions about HIV transmission. Therefore, intervention programs should be aimed at HIV prevention through education and awareness programs to reduce misconceptions treating as the important parts of the prevention strategy.

著者

Hung Thai Do Dong Thanh Nguyen Lan Anh Thi Nguyen Duong Huy Do Huy Xuan Le Xuan Mai Thi Trinh Hong Vy Nu Ton Ikumi Sawada Noriko Kitamura Nhat Minh Le Keisuke Yoshihara Thu Huong Thi Phan Chien Trong Bui Koya Ariyoshi Lay Myint Yoshida

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2016.512, (Released:2017-09-11)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

7

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We investigated the prevalence of HIV drug resistance among high risk groups such as injecting drug user (IDU), female sex worker (FSW) and men having sex with men (MSM) in central Vietnam. We used HIV positive samples from 2012-2013 sentinel surveillance surveys. Study subjects were screened for HIV infection by standardized screening assays and the positive samples were further tested for HIV viral load and drug resistant mutations by in-house assays. Drug resistant mutations (DRMs) were determined using the Stanford University online sequence analysis tool. Their risk behaviors were also investigated. During the study period, 6,016 subjects were screened and 97 were positive (IDU: N=63, 3%, FSW: N=24, 0.8% and MSM: N=10, 1%). Ninety-two samples (45 from 2012 and 47 from 2013) were available for further testing. HIV viral load was detected in 56 (60.9%) samples and drug resistant genotyping was successfully performed in 40 (71.4%) samples. All were CRF01_AE, except for one (2.5%) IDU with subtype B. Thirteen individuals (32.5%) were carrying HIV virus with at least one HIV DRM: 9 IDUs, 1 FSW and 3 MSM. The HIV seroprevalence among high risk individuals in central Vietnam was low however high proportion of drug resistant HIV-1 was observed in high risk group.

著者

Takehiro Hashimoto Satoshi Kutsuna Takahiro Maeki Shigeru Tajima Saho Takaya Yuichi Katanami Kei Yamamoto Nozomi Takeshita Kayoko Hayakawa Yasuyuki Kato Shuzo Kanagawa Norio Ohmagari

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2017.181, (Released:2017-09-11)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

4

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Dengue fever remains underreported in Africa due to lack of awareness among healthcare providers, the presence of other febrile illnesses, and insufficient laboratory testing. We present a case of imported dengue fever from Burkina Faso to Japan, where an outbreak of dengue was reported on October 18, 2016. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolate from our patient belonged to a distinct of sylvatic dengue viruses, suggesting that dengue viruses have been maintained in the mosquitoes and human cycles in Burkina Faso for more than 30 years.

著者

Tomohiro Oishi Tetsuo Taguchi Tokushi Nakano Shoji Sudo Hiroaki Kuwajima Shibata RVGE Study Group

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.4, pp.304-306, 2014 (Released:2014-07-24)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

6 13

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The occurrence of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) in children under 3 years of age before and after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine was prospectively surveyed in three pediatric clinics in Shibata City, Niigata Prefecture, Japan, during the 2011 and 2012 RVGE epidemic seasons. In this observational study, a significantly lower occurrence of severe RVGE among severe gastroenteritis cases was observed in 2012. The incidence rate of severe RVGE among outpatients in 2012 was significantly lower than that in 2011. Despite the significant reduction in severe RVGE, the results must be interpreted with caution because the surveillance period is short and requires extension to conclude whether the reduction in the incidence of severe RVGE is a direct effect of rotavirus vaccination. Therefore, we will continue the survey to evaluate the impact of vaccination.

著者

Yusuke Ainoda Nozomi Takeshita Ryota Hase Takahiro Mikawa Naoto Hosokawa Ichiro Kawamura Hanako Kurai Masahiro Abe Muneyoshi Kimura Hideki Araoka Takahiro Fujita Kyoichi Totsuka Kazuhisa Mezaki Noritaka Sekiya Norio Ohmagari

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2016.130, (Released:2016-12-22)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

7

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Staphylococcus lugdunensis (SL) is a highly pathogenic bacterium compared to other coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. (CoNS). However, in Japan, data for this pathogen are sparse, and the current prevalence of SL bacteremia is unknown.A prospective multicenter study across five facilities was performed to investigate the prevalence of SL in blood culture specimens. There were 3,284 patients with positive blood cultures, and 2,478 patients had bacteremia. Among patients with bacteremia, 7 patients (0.28%) had SL bacteremia. A total of 281 patients had CoNS bacteremia, and SL accounted for 2.49% of these cases. Of the 7 patients with SL bacteremia, 1 patient (14.3%) had infective endocarditis, and 1 patient (14.3%) died within 30 days. In this study, SL resulted in the development of bacteremia in select patients. Clinicians in Japan should be aware of the prevalence of SL and the complications of SL bacteremia.

著者

Qing-hai Hu Jun-jie Xu Zhen-xing Chu Jing Zhang Yan-qiu Yu Huan Yu Hai-bo Ding Yong-jun Jiang Wen-qing Geng Ning Wang Hong Shang

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2016.177, (Released:2016-10-31)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

8

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We aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) mono-infection and HSV-2/syphilis co-infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 545 HIV-positive MSM in Shenyang between February 2009 and October 2014. Participants received physical examinations and serological tests for HSV-2 and syphilis. A multinomial logistic regression was used to identify risk factors associated with HSV-2/syphilis co-infection and HSV-2 mono-infection. The HSV-2 mono-infection, syphilis mono-infection, and HSV-2/syphilis co-infection prevalence (95% confidence interval) was 48.6% (44.4–52.8%), 34.3% (30.3–38.3%), and 22.9% (19.4–26.5%), respectively. In regression analysis, after controlling within HSV-2/syphilis-seronegative cases, related factors for HSV-2/syphilis co-infection were age (25–50 years vs. ≤24 years, aOR: 4.55; >50 years vs. ≤24 years, aOR: 43.02), having regular female sexual partner(s) in the past 6 months (aOR: 0.43) and age at first MSM experience (>18 years vs ⩽18 years, aOR: 2.59) (all P < 0.05).The high prevalence of HSV-2 infection and HSV-2/syphilis co-infection in HIV-positive MSM indicates high HIV secondary transmission risk. A campaign for detection and treatment of HSV-2 and syphilis is urgently required for HIV-positive MSM in China.

著者

Ichiro Furukawa Tomoe Ishihara Hiroshi Teranishi Shioko Saito Jun Yatsuyanagi Eriko Wada Yuko Kumagai Shiho Takahashi Takayuki Konno Hiroko Kashio Akihiko Kobayashi Naoki Kato Ken-ichi Hayashi Keisuke Fukushima Kazuhiko Ishikawa Kazumi Horikawa Akira Oishi Hidemasa Izumiya Takahiro Ohnishi Yoshiko Konishi Toshiro Kuroki

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2016.164, (Released:2016-08-31)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

24

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This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and genetic relatedness of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica and Campylobacter spp. in poultry meat, and to analyze the association of genetic types of these bacteria with their geographical distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles. Fifty-four and 71 of 100 samples were found to be contaminated with Salmonella and Campylobacter, respectively. Nine Salmonella serotypes were found, including S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Infantis (33%), Schwarzengrund (12%), Manhattan (9%), and others. Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli were detected from 64 (64%) and 14 (14%) samples, respectively. S. enterica subsp. enterica exhibited a high frequency of resistance against tetracycline (78.3%) and streptomycin (68.3%). C. jejuni and C. coli isolates were resistant to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (90.5%), nalidixic acid (47.3%), ampicillin (45.9%), and ciprofloxacin (40.5%). Cluster analysis was performed for the Salmonella isolates using PFGE and for the Campylobacter isolates with PFGE as well as comparative genomic fingerprinting. which were combined with the drug-resistance data to analyze with respect to the locations in which the poultry meat was produced. This analysis revealed that C. jejuni strains with a particular genotype and antimicrobial resistance profile are spreading in specific areas in Japan.

著者

Hiroshi Yoshikura

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2014.039, (Released:2014-11-25)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

3 8

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This article reviews Japanese HIV/AIDS surveillance data from 1985 to 2011. It revealed that heterosexual males are more prone to be detected as “AIDS case”, while male homosexuals and females are detected more as “HIV case” irrespectively of sex, age, infection route, residential area and nationality; and probability of detection as “AIDS case” increased with advance of age irrespective of sex and infection route. Interpretation of the data requires further information on clinical latency of AIDS that could be different depending on the infection routes, different sex, and different ages; nature of the acute phase syndrome; and factors that enhance it, such as, route and dose of infection; and mucosal immunity involved in sexually transmitted HIV/AIDS infection and influence of aging and sex on it.

著者

Seiya Harada Eisuke Tokuoka Naoko Kiyota Kazuhiko Katayama Tomoichiro Oka

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.5, pp.454-457, 2013 (Released:2013-09-19)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1 19

著者

Bing-jie Zheng Yue-ping Yin Zhi Xiang Yan Han Mei-qin Shi Ning Jiang Rui-xing Yu Xiang-sheng Chen

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.1, pp.17-21, 2014 (Released:2014-01-22)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1 6

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The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of urethral Mycoplasma genitalium infections among male patients attending a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic in China and identify risk factors associated with this disease. A total of 423 patients were recruited in Hezhou City, Guangxi Province, China, and each was requested to complete a questionnaire regarding sociological and sexual behaviors. First-void urine samples were collected for M. genitalium analysis by polymerase chain reaction. Of the 406 urine samples collected, 114 were M. genitalium-positive, giving a prevalence rate of 28.1%. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that M. genitalium infection was associated with younger age, having received at least senior high school education, and single marital status. In both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, M. genitalium infection was found to be associated with lack of symptoms for STD in the past year (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.839; 95% CI = 1.495–5.392; P = 0.001), no use of condoms with steady partners in the past year (AOR = 2.830; 95% CI = 1.468–5.455; P = 0.002), and having sexual encounters with female sexual workers within the past 3 months (AOR = 2.955; 95% CI = 1.637–5.336; P < 0.0003). The observed high rate of M. genitalium infection among male STD patients in Hezhou City indicates an M. genitalium epidemic in the study population; thus, the national surveillance program and clinical health providers in China should more closely monitor this disease.

著者

Nakhon Asdamongkol Pariya Phanachet Somnuek Sungkanuparph

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.6, pp.469-474, 2013 (Released:2013-11-22)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

2 25

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Immunological discordance in HIV-infected patients is associated with a higher risk of mortality and disease progression. Zinc is an essential micronutrient for immune function. A two-phase pilot study including a cross-sectional study to determine plasma zinc levels and a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to determine immunological responses after zinc supplementation was conducted in HIV-infected patients with immunological discordance in a medical school hospital. Immunological discordance was defined in patients who received antiretroviral therapy, had HIV RNA < 40 copies/mL, and a CD4+ cell count < 200 cells/mm3 that increased <30% from baseline after receiving ART with undetectable HIV RNA for 12 months. Of 31 patients, 12 (39%) had low plasma zinc levels (<75 μg/dL). Five of 12 patients with low plasma zinc levels and 8 of 19 patients with normal plasma zinc levels were randomized to receive zinc supplementation. The median changes in plasma zinc levels after supplementation versus placebo in patients with low plasma zinc levels were 29 versus 4.5 μg/dL, respectively. The CD4+ cell count significantly increased (176 versus 250 cells/mm3, P = 0.042) after zinc supplementation in patients with low plasma zinc levels. Further large-scale studies to determine long-term benefits of zinc supplementation in patients with immunological discordance are required.

著者

Bishnu Raj Tiwari Surendra Karki Prakash Ghimire Bimala Sharma Sarala Malla

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.3, pp.252-255, 2013 (Released:2013-05-23)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1 1

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Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) has been freely available in Nepal since 2004. In the present longitudinal study, we followed two distinct cohorts of human immunodeficiency virus-infected participants, those receiving HAART and those under assessment of eligibility for HAART, during the period 2005–2007 in Kathmandu, Nepal. The median change in CD4+ T-cell count among participants receiving HAART after 12 months of the initiation of therapy was +118 T cells/μl (95% confidence interval [CI], +91 to +145 T cells/μl) and that among participants under assessment of eligibility for HAART was −74 T cells/μl (95% CI, −103 to −44 cells/μl). However, the median CD8+ T-cell count after 12 months remained stable in both the cohorts (P > 0.05). The CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio increased from 0.16 to 0.26 after 12 months of therapy (P < 0.001). The multivariate regression model revealed that participants >30 years of age, and injection drug users had significantly lower increases in the CD4+ T-cell count in response to therapy. We observed a high proportion of loss to follow-up after 12 months of therapy; however, the associated factors were unknown. In conclusion, we observed a significant improvement in the CD4+ T-cell count in participants receiving HAART; however, the CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio remained <0.5 after 12 months of treatment.

著者

Yoshiyuki Sugishita Naotaka Shimatani Shigetaka Katow Takuri Takahashi Narumi Hori

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.2, pp.159-165, 2015 (Released:2015-03-23)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

4 22

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A large rubella outbreak has been observed since June 2012 in Tokyo, Japan, and a rapid increase in the number of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) cases have also been reported in Japan since October 2012. All the clinically diagnosed and laboratory-confirmed rubella cases reported in Tokyo from January 2012 to December 2013 and all the laboratory-confirmed CRS cases from January 2012 to March 2014 were analyzed. In total, 4,116 rubella cases were reported in Tokyo. Of these, 77.2% (n = 3,176) were male; the highest number of cases occurred in males aged 35–39 years and in females aged 20–24 years. Complications included arthralgia/arthritis (19.4%), thrombocytopenic purpura (0.5%), hepatic dysfunction (0.3%), and encephalitis (0.1%). The circulating rubella virus in Tokyo was genotype 2B. The most possible site of transmission was the workplace. Because of the rubella epidemic, 16 CRS cases were reported in Tokyo from March 2013 to February 2014. Domestic infection with rubella was proven for all mothers of 16 cases. This situation suggests that Japan is still working to achieve rubella elimination.

著者

Yoko Aoki Yohei Matoba Shizuka Tanaka Kazue Yahagi Sueshi Ito Hiroshi Yoshida Tsutomu Itagaki Katsumi Mizuta

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.4, pp.350-351, 2016 (Released:2016-07-22)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

5

著者

Sayaka Yamazaki Makiko Kondo Koji Sudo Tomoyuki Ueda Hiroshi Fujiwara Naoki Hasegawa Shingo Kato

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.5, pp.367-372, 2016 (Released:2016-09-21)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

6

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Because western blotting occasionally causes cross-reactions between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and HIV-2, it is difficult to distinguish a coinfection status from a false-positive result. Therefore, we developed a qualitative real-time PCR assay to detect HIV-1 and HIV-2 RNA that can be performed in parallel. Viral RNA extracted from 500 μl of plasma was examined using real-time PCR with minor groove binder probes. Bovine leukemia virus was used as an internal standard. The sensitivity was determined by probit regression analysis using the World Health Organization international standards for HIV-1 and HIV-2. The lower detection limits at a 95% hit rate were 54 IU/ml for HIV-1 and 5.0 IU/ml for HIV-2, which were lower than any HIV-2 assays reported previously. HIV-1 RNA was detected in 51 of 52 HIV-1 seropositive plasma samples. HIV-2 RNA was detected in 7 of 10 HIV-2 seropositive plasma samples. Non-specific signals and cross reactivity between HIV-1 and HIV-2 were not observed in 100 HIV seronegative samples. The assay developed in this study is highly sensitive and specific for the detection of HIV-1 and HIV-2 RNA. The test is expected to be useful for the differential diagnosis of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections.

著者

Motoko Fujino Eri Suzuki Mineo Watanabe Tetsuo Nakayama

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JJID.2015.125, (Released:2015-08-07)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

7

著者

Yohei Migiyama Katsunori Yanagihara Norihito Kaku Yosuke Harada Koichi Yamada Kentaro Nagaoka Yoshitomo Morinaga Norihiko Akamatsu Junichi Matsuda Koichi Izumikawa Hirotsugu Kohrogi Shigeru Kohno

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.2, pp.91-96, 2016 (Released:2016-03-23)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

36

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia occurs mainly in immunocompromised patients. However, P. aeruginosa bacteremia in immunocompetent patients has also been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of P. aeruginosa bacteremia in relation to the immune status of the patients. The medical records of 126 adult patients with P. aeruginosa bacteremia in Nagasaki University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed between January 2003 and December 2012. Of 126 patients with P. aeruginosa bacteremia, 60 patients (47.6%) were classified as immunocompetent. Mortality in immunocompetent patients tended to be lower than in immunocompromised patients (7-day mortality, 8% vs. 30%, P < 0.01; 30-day mortality, 23% vs. 39%, P = 0.053). Multivariate analysis showed that a higher sequential organ failure assessment score (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.27, P < 0.01) and underlying malignancies (HR: 3.33, P < 0.01) were independently associated with 30-day mortality. Initial antibiotic therapy (HR: 0.21, P < 0.01) and patients' immune status (HR: 0.29, P = 0.02) also had a significant impact on survival. However, there was a significant interaction between these 2 variables (P = 0.03 for interaction). A subgroup analysis showed that in immunocompromised, but not immunocompetent patients, initial appropriate antibiotic therapy was associated with lower mortality (30-day mortality 20.5% vs. 66.7%, P < 0.01 by log-rank test).

著者

Kazue Nakanaga Rie Roselyne Yotsu Yoshihiko Hoshino Koichi Suzuki Masahiko Makino Norihisa Ishii

出版者

国立感染症研究所 Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases 編集委員会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.2, pp.83-88, 2013 (Released:2013-03-21)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

6 19

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Buruli ulcer (BU) is an emerging human disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, which mainly affects the extremities. It is most endemic in sub-Saharan Africa; however, it has been reported worldwide, including in some non-tropical areas. “M. ulcerans subsp. shinshuense” is proposed as a subspecies of M. ulcerans, which have been reported from Japan and China. A total of 35 BU cases have been reported as of November 2012. Although M. ulcerans is categorized as nontuberculous mycobacteria, it has some unique characteristics that could only be observed in this bacterium. It possesses a giant virulent plasmid, composed of 174-kbp nucleotides, coding polyketide synthase to produce macrolide toxin called mycolactone. The discovery of such a linkage of plasmid and its pathogenesis has not been reported in other human disease-causing mycobacteria.