著者

新妻 昭夫

出版者

恵泉女学園大学

雑誌

園芸文化

巻号頁・発行日

no.1, pp.80-87, 2004-06

著者

稲本 万里子

出版者

恵泉女学園大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

1999

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後白河院(1127-1192)はさまざまなジャンルにわたる浩瀚な絵巻を作らせたことが知られるが、その多くは失われ「伴大納言絵巻」「吉備大臣入唐絵巻」「病草紙」「餓鬼草紙」「地獄草紙」などが現存するのみである。これらの絵巻研究は個別の作品研究が中心であり、後白河院による絵巻制作の全容とその意味は未だ明らかにされていない。これは「年中行事絵」をはじめとする行事絵や「彦火々出見尊絵巻」が模本でしか現存していないことが要因であると考えられる。本研究は、今まであまり注目されることのなかった模本の調査研究と資料収集を通して、後白河院の絵巻制作とその機能を複眼的に、また総合的にとらえるものである。まずはじめに、福井・明通寺蔵「彦火々出見尊絵巻」模本と「伴大納言絵巻」「吉備大臣入唐絵巻」を取り上げ、人物表現を中心に比較検討をおこなった。「彦火々出見尊絵巻」に措かれた人物は、絵所絵師常磐光長系の表現としてパターン化されているが、龍王の姫君の特異な表現から、治承2年(1178)平徳子の皇子出産が絵巻制作の契機になったと考察される。さらに、陸地と龍宮を往還する神武天皇の祖父の物語である「彦火々出見尊絵巻」は、異国の征服と皇統の視覚化を目的として制作されたと解釈することができる(詳細は、「措かれた出産-「彦火々出見尊絵巻」の制作意図を読み解く」(服藤早苗・小嶋菜温子編『生育儀礼の歴史と文化-子どもとジェンダー-』森話社、平成15年3月)にて発表した)。後白河院が制作させた絵巻群は、自国の支配と異国の支配、そして、皇統と皇権の表象であった。後白河院は、絵巻制作というイメージ戦略によって、自らの権威を認識させようとしたと考えられるのである。

著者

坂井 誠

出版者

恵泉女学園大学

雑誌

恵泉女学園大学人文学部紀要 (ISSN:09159584)

巻号頁・発行日

no.14, pp.19-42, 2002-01

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It was once conventional wisdom among economists that a small increase in the minimum wage would result in a small reduction in the employment of teenagers and unskilled workers. In fact, however, the effect of minimum wages upon employment has been an unsolved question for the last several decades. In the mid-1990s this issue attracted a considerable amount of attention with the emergence in academic circles of some remarkable research which challenged conventional beliefs. This report tries to review both the characteristics and the problems of the current minimum wage system by analyzing the effect on employment of minimum wage increases, seen simultaneously from a theoretical and an empirical viewpoint. First, the effects of minimum wage hike on the employment are not uniform; both negative and positive results are possible, depending on the economic circumstances at the time. In this regard, the issue is still left unresolved. Second, minimum wage increases change the distribution of wages in such a way that low-income households, devoid of attractiveness as a labor force, receive a smaller share of the pie. The higher minimum wage is not bringing about the results that it was primarily designed to deliver early in the last century. Third, paradoxically, the idea of forming more flexible labor markets without tight wage regulations seems to be a reasonable way to create diverse low-wage markets and increase employment opportunities. For example, if the greater number of local governments begins to set their minimum wages lower than the federal regulations, it may be effective in supporting low-income households, including former welfare recipients.

著者

Da Silva Dexter

出版者

恵泉女学園大学

雑誌

人文学部紀要 (ISSN:09159584)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.145-164, 1996-01-20

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Summarizing the present situation of English language education in Japan, Koike and Tanaka (1995) claim that "It may be said that we are in the middle of some drastic changes and that some confusion about the final choices is inescapable." (p24). These changes refer to government proposals and guidelines which regulate foreign language education in schools in Japan, and specifically pertain to concrete changes in areas such as teaching methods and materials, courses of study, objectives, examinations, and teacher-training and assistant teacher programs. They are 'drastic' with respect to both the broad extent of the reforms as well as the fundamental nature of the changes aimed for. This paper focuses on two areas of change: in teaching methodology, and in the focus on particular language skills or areas. It is argued that a wider rendering of the communicative approach, the 'strong' version as opposed to the 'weak' version, is important for these changes to be truly effective and for various interest groups within the system to be able to come together. The importance of the skill of reading for Japanese EFL students within the present system is stressed, and the significance of the entrance examination system is also examined. These are taken into consideration in suggesting changes in the approach to literacy. in English in Japan.

著者

川戸 れい子

出版者

恵泉女学園大学

雑誌

恵泉女学園大学紀要 (ISSN:09159584)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.195-207, 2010-02

著者

秋元 美晴

出版者

恵泉女学園大学

雑誌

人文学部紀要 (ISSN:09159584)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, pp.45-72, 1990-01

著者

武田 徹

出版者

恵泉女学園大学

雑誌

恵泉女学園大学紀要 (ISSN:09159584)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, pp.91-108, 2007-03

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This article discusses how the idea of publicness has changed in the history of broadcasting in Japan. The Three Radio Wave Laws established in 1950 (Dempa Sampo): including the law defining the principle for regulation of broadcasting (Hoso Ho), the law regulating the use of radio waves (Dempa Ho) and the law establishing a commission to supervise its usage (Dempa Kanri Iinkai Setti Ho) were intended to terminate the government.controlled broadcasting system dictated under the war government, and to build a new public broadcasting system independent from any kind of governmental control. But, soon after the San Francisco Peace Treaty in 1951, the commission to supervise radio wave usage disappeared, and the decision.making capacity to allot the frequency waves moved back to the Ministry of Post and Telecommunications . This meant that the independence of the broadcasting system also disappeared, because the government regained its ability to rule the broadcasting system again by controlling the licensing of radio waves. In additon, recently, as the Internet has been covering our society, the citizen's `right to know' is fulfilled not only by mass.broadcasting, but also by search engines like Google. How should the broadcasting system maintain its position to be `public' under such circumstances ? This article discusses the possibilities of broadcasting to remain a `public' system by referring to John Rawls' "A Theory of Justice" and the idea of `liberal irony' by Richard Rorty.

著者

川上 雅弘

出版者

恵泉女学園大学

雑誌

人文学部紀要 (ISSN:09159584)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.103-119, 2000-01

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"The aim of this paper is to describe some religious expressions in Late Middle English on the basis of our own data from Margaret Paston's letters and papers. Despite extensive and complete texts of Paston Letters edited by Gairdner and Davis, a Paston glossary still has not appeared in print. Classifying the data according to the optative and the non- optative types, we suggest that the optative type should take up the position primarily towards the end of the letter and that it should be expressed in certain fixed forms. Margaret's optative sentences include the following sixteen verbs: amend, assoil, be, bless, bring, defend, deliver, give, have, help, keep, make, preserve, save, send, speed, of which the five verbs, amend, assoil, bring, deliver, make are not listed among the optative verbs in the OED nor in the MED. Moreover, the fixed form 'The Trinity have you in his keeping' is that of Margarets's optative sentences addressed to her husband, and the more simplified form 'God keep you' is that to her two sons. With regard to the non- optative type, we clarify some religious expressions in the main and the subordinate clauses, and in the prepositional phrases."