著者

山県 登

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.3, pp.158-169, 1962-09

被引用文献数

1 7

---

Measurements were made of potassium, rubidium and cesium in a variety of Japanese diet samples to know the fate of these elements in food chain. Each component of the diet contributes potassium evenly to the diet, however, almost a half of cesium is estimated to be contributed by meat, eggs and milk products. Thus, the daily intake of cesium varies greatly depending on the dietary intake of this component. The daily intake by the Japanese adults as a whole is estimated as 1. 4 g of potassium, 1. 5 mg of rubidium and 0. 01 mg of cesium per person. The biological half-lives are estimated as 54, 140 and 76 days, respectively, for potassium, rubidium and cesium on the basis of the balance between the human body and diet assuming a single exponential function of excretion.

著者

山県 登

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.9-30, 1962-03

被引用文献数

3 41

---

Measurements have been made of potassium, rubidium and cesium in the human soft tissues, muscles and bones from autopsies to determine the normal concentrations of these elements and to estimate the total body amount. The individual variability of concentration increases in the following order : K Rb Cs and the distribution pattern of potassium in muscle suggests a normal distribution and the observed distribution of stable cesium and the Cs/K ratio in muscle appear to be lognormal. A fairly good agreement is observed in rubidium data with those reported by other workers, however, discrepancy in cesium data is observed between the author and other workers. The amount of potassium, rubidium and cesium in the total body estimated from the concentrations of these elements in the soft tissues, muscle and bone is, respectively, 136±28 grams, 0.36±0.09 grams and 1.4×10^<-3> grams (95% probable range : 0.50-4.1×10^<-3>) for the standard man of 70 kg body weight.

著者

田中 義一郎 河村 日佐男

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.78-84, 1978-03

被引用文献数

1 12

---

As a method of prompt and rapid estimation of thyroidal ^<131>I burden of the public (and nuclear workers) in emergency exposure to radioiodine, feasibility of a use of a scintillation survey meter with a NaI(Tl) crystal was demonstrated using phantoms s

著者

Monobe Manami Ando Koichi

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of radiation research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.3, pp.237-245, 2002-09

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

9 24

---

We here investigated and reported the effects of beer drinking on radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in blood lymphocytes. Human blood that was collected either before or after drinking a 700 ml beer was in vitro irradiated with 200 kVp X rays or 50 keV/μm carbon ions. The relation between the radiation dose and the aberration frequencies (fragments and dicentrics) was significantly (p < 0.05) lower for lymphocytes collected 3 h after beer drinking than those before drinking. Fitting the dose response to a linear quadratic model showed that the alpha term of carbon ions was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased by beer drinking. A decrease of dicentric formation was detected as early as 0.5 h after beer drinking, and lasted not shorter than 4.5 h. The mitotic index of lymphocytes was higher after beer drinking than before, indicating that a division delay would not be responsible for the low aberrations induced by beer drinking. An in vitro treatment of normal lymphocytes with 0.1 M ethanol, which corresponded to a concentration of 6-times higher than the maximum ethanol concentration in the blood after beer drinking, reduced the dicentric formation caused by X-ray irradiation, but not by carbonion irradiation. The beer-induced reduction of dicentric formation was not affected by serum. It is concluded that beer could contain non-ethanol elements that reduce the chromosome damage of lymphocytes induced by high-LET radiation.

著者

岡島 俊三

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.35-41, 1975

被引用文献数

9

---

Fallout from the Nagasaki atomic bomb was mainly concentrated in the Nishiyama district of Nagasaki. Studies conducted in 1945 and 1946 indicated the average dose due to the external irradiation from fallout in Nishiyama to be as high as 30 to 130 R. A significant leucocytosis occurred among Nishiyama residents two months following the explosion. In the present 1969-1972 investigation, Nishiyama residents and appropriate comparison residents elsewhere in Nagasaki underwent comprehensive clinical evaluations including thyroid function and chromosome studies, radiochemical urinalysis and whole body counting. No clinical abnormalities were found among the Nishiyama residents, but whole body counting demonstrated significantly elevated <SUP>137</SUP>Cs concentrations with parallel results by radiochemical urinalysis. Increased <SUP>137</SUP>Cs contents of soil and agricultural products of the Nishiyama area were apparently responsible for the relatively high body burdens. The annual internal doses from <SUP>137</SUP>Cs in the Nishiyama district were estimated to be 0.292 mrad per year for males and 0.187 mrad for females.

著者

山県 登 小平 潔 速水 泱

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.3, pp.182-192, 1962-09

被引用文献数

2

---

Measurements have been made of the cesium-137 content in human musle, total diet and cereals collected in Japan during the period from February 1960 to May 1962. The simple methods of evaluation of mean levels in the human body are proposed which are based on the distribution studies on the common cesium irrespectively of potassium concentration or the cesium unit. The total body burden was estimated as 3. 2-4. 0 mμc for the period from August 1960 to January 1962 and it rose up to 7. 6 mμc in March 1962 in correspondence with the increased fallout deposition rate in Autumn 1961. The daily intake of cesium-137 by Japanese people was 29 μμc, on average, for the period from August 1960 to August 1961 and increased to 50 μμc in February 1962. The contribution of cesium-137 by cereals to the total intake was estimated as approximately 40% for the period from November 1960 to November 1961 and it decreased to 32% in February 1962. The relative decrease was attributed to the increase in the daily intake, probably other than cereal, through leafy vegetables.

著者

宮越 順二 OHTSU SHUJI TATSUMI-MIYAJIMA JUNKO TAKEBE HIRAKU

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.26-34, 1994-03

被引用文献数

20 24

---

To examine the biological effects of extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELFMF), we have designed and manufactured a new equipment for long-term and high-density exposure of cells to ELFMF. The ELFMF exposure system consists of a generator of magnets with a bult-in CO_2 incubator, an alternating current (AC) power supply, a gas compressor and a thermocontroller for the incubator, and a cooling unit for the magnets. The CO_2 incubator made of acrylic resin is inserted into the inner-space of the silicon steel strip-cores. In this system, the temperature of the incubator is maintained at 37±0.5°C. The maximum magnetic flux density on the exposure area of the incubator is 500 mT (T; tesla) at a current of 556 Arms (rms; root mean square) at 50 Hz. The long-term (up to 120 hr) exposure of 400 mT ELFMF did not affect the growth of both HL6ORG and CCRF-CEM cells originated from human leukemia.

著者

Sobue Tomotaka Lee Valerie S. Ye Weimin TANOOKA HIROSHI MIFUNE MASAAKI SUYAMA AKIHIKO KOGA TAEKO MORISHIMA HIROSHIGE KONDO SOHEI

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of radiation research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.2, pp.81-92, 2000-06

被引用文献数

3 17

---

In order to investigate an association between residential radon exposure and risk of lung cancer, a case-control study was conducted in Misasa Town, Tottori Prefecture, Japan. The case series consisted of 28 people who had died of lung cancer in the years 1976-96 and 36 controls chosen randomly from the residents in 1976, matched by sex and year of birth. Individual residential radon concentrations were measured for 1 year with alpha track detectors. The average radon concentration was 46 Bq/m3 for cases and 51 Bq/m3 for controls. Compared to the level of 24 or less Bq/m3, the adjusted odds ratios of lung cancer associated with radon levels of 25-49, 50-99 and 100 or more Bq/m3, were 1.13 (95% confidence interval; 0.29-4.40), 1.23 (0.16-9.39) and 0.25 (0.03-2.33), respectively. None of the estimates showed statistical significance, due to small sample size. When the subjects were limited to only include residents of more than 30 years, the estimates did not change substantially. This study did not find that the risk pattern of lung cancer, possibly associated with residential radon exposure, in Misasa Town differed from patterns observed in other countries.

著者

遠藤 暁 HOSHI M. TAUCHI H. TAKEOKA S. KITAGAWA K. SUGA S. MAEDA N. KOMATSU K. SAWADA S. IWAMOTO B. SAKAMOTO S. TAKEYAMA K. OMURA M.

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of radiation research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.2, pp.91-102, 1995-06

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

10 24

---

A neutron generator (HIRRAC) for use in radiobiology study has been constructed at the Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University (RIRBM). Monoenergetic neutrons of which energy is less than 1.3 MeV are generated by the ^7Li(p,n)^7Be reaction at proton energies up to 3 MeV. The protons are accelerated by a Schenkel-type-accelerator and are bombared onto the ^7Li-target. An apparatus for the irradiation of biological material such as mice, cultured cells and so on, was designed and will be manufactured. Neutron and gamma-ray dose rates were measured by paired (TE-TE and C-GO2) ionization chambers. Contamination of the gamma ray was less than about 6% when using 10-dum-thick ^7Li as a target. Maximum dose rates for the tissue equivalent materials was 40 cGy/min at a distance of 10 cm from the target. Energy distributions of the obtained neutrons have been measured by a ^3He-gas proportion-al counter. The monoenergetic neutrons within an energy region from 0.1 to 1.3 MeV produced by thin ^7Li or ^7LiF targets had a small energy spread of about 50 keV (1 Gσ width of gaussian). The energy spread of neutrons was about 10% or less at an incident proton energy of 2.3 MeV. We found that HIRRAC produces small energy spread neutrons and at sufficient dose rates for use in radiobiology studies.

著者

Ban-nai Tadaaki Muramatsu Yasuyuki Yoshida Satoshi

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of radiation research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.325-332, 2004-06-15

被引用文献数

1 13

---

Mushrooms are known to accumulate radiocesium. To estimate the intake of radiocesium through the eating of mushrooms, about 30 samples belonging to 4 commonly consumed species (Lentinula edodes, Hyp-sizigus marmoreus, Grifola frondosa, and Tricholoma matsutake), were analyzed for ^<137>Cs and 40K. The concentration ranges were 0.060-29 Bq kg^<-1> (wet wt) for ^<137>Cs and 38-300 Bq kg^<-1> (wet wt) for ^<40>K. The geometric mean concentration for ^<137>Cs was 0.56 Bq kg^<-1> (wet wt), and the mean concentration for ^<40>K was 92 Bq kg^<-1> (wet wt). The ^<137>Cs concentrations in L. edodes cultivated in mushroom beds (sawdust-rice bran media) were lower than those cultivated on bed logs (natural wood with bark). The annual intake of ^<137>Cs per person through mushrooms was calculated, by using the current analytical results and food consumption data in Japan, to be 3.1 Bq for ^<137>Cs, which is about 28% of the total dietary intake of this nuclide. The effective dose equivalent of ^<137>Cs through mushrooms was estimated to be 4.0×10^<-8> Sv, which is about the half the value obtained in our previous study. The decrease of the ^<137>Cs intake through mushrooms is probably related to changes in cultivation methods in recent years, from the use of bed logs to mushroom beds.

著者

望月 肇 賀田 恒夫

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.3, pp.403-410, 1982-09

被引用文献数

4

---

We formerly showed that human placenta contained strong antimutagenic factors working on radiation and chemically induced mutations in bacteria We are actually examining, in several aspects, if these factors might have certain physiological functions in mammals or not. In this communication, we report that our preparations made from the human placenta tissues greatly restore lethal injuries in X-ray-irradiated mice. Three placenta specimens of healthy women were obtained from the Shimada Hospital (Mishima City). Each tissue was first washed with aqueous KCl (0.15 M) solution, homogenized without any supplementation and centrifuged at 14,000 x g for 20 minutes. The supernantant was then treated with 20 μig/ml pronase at 370C for 20 minutes, followed by dialysis overnight in distilled water. The dialysate was then heated in boiling water for 30 minutes to denature proteic constituents and centrifuged at 3000 x g for 20 minutes. The cellular supernatant solution in a total volume of 10 ml was loaded first on a column (2×20 cm) of Amberlite IR-120B resin and the column was eluted with 500 ml of distilled water.

著者

佐伯 哲哉 町田 勇

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.4, pp.366-377, 1991-12

被引用文献数

2

---

After the photoaddition of mono- and bifunctional furocoumarins to G1 phase cells, most gene conversion and crossing-over occurred without post-irradiation incubation of these cells in incision-proficient strains. In contrast, incision-deficient cells showed marked induction of both recombinational events only after treated cells had been incubated for several hours before selection. These results indicate that when furocoumarins are photoadded to G1 cells, initiation of recombinational events occurs during the same G1 phase in the incision-proficient cells; whereas, it occurs only after post-irradiation DNA replication in incision-deficient cells. The action of the PSO2 gene product specific for the repair of DNA crosslinks in recombination induction is discussed and compared to the actions of the excision repair genes RAD1 and RAD2.

著者

酒井 一夫 岡田 重文

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.4, pp.415-424, 1981

被引用文献数

13 15

---

An alkaline separation technique originally established by Ahnstrom is modified to detect small amount of DNA damage in X-irradiated mouse leukemic L5178Y cells. It is made quantitative by calibration with an alkaline sucrose gradient centrifugation. The present method would make it possible to study DNA damage and its repair within a dose range of X-rays where cell survival and mutation are usually investigated. It is also useful for detecting DNA damage caused by chemicals.

著者

Franken Nicolaas A.P. Van Bree Chris Veltmaat Martijn A.T. RODERMOND HANS M. HAVEMAN JAAP BARENDSEN GERRIT W.

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of radiation research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.2, pp.179-190, 2001-06

被引用文献数

3 25

---

Sensitization by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) and hyperthermia (HT) on cell reproductive death induced by ionizing radiation was analyzed using the linear-quadratic [S(D)/S(0)=exp{-( αD+ βD^2 )}] model. Plateau-phase human lung tumor cells (SW-1573) and human colorectal carcinonoma cells (RKO) were treated with BrdUrd, radiation and HT. LQ-analysis was performed at iso-incubation dose and at iso-incorporation level of BrdUrd, and at iso-HT doses and iso-survival levels after HT. Clonogenic assays were performed 24 h after treatment to allow repair of potentially lethal damage (PLD). In SW cells BrdUrd, HT or the combination significantly increased the α-parameter (factor 2.0- 5.7), without altering the β-parameter. In RKO cells sensitization with BrdUrd increased both α (factor 1.4) and β(factor 1.3) while HT only influenced β (factor 2.1-4.0). The combination did not further increase the α and β The results indicate that BrdUrd has its main effect on the parameter α, dominant at clinically relevant radiation doses but that HT can affect both α and β The addition of BrdUrd and HT provides a method to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy.

著者

Sasaki Shunsaku Fukuda Nobuo

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of radiation research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.6, pp.623-633, 2008-11-16

被引用文献数

3

---

Female B6C3F1 mice were irradiated at day 17 prenatal period, day 0, 7, 35, 105, 240, 365 and 550 postnatal period with doses of 0.10 to 5.70Gy gamma rays from ^<137>Cs. All mice were allowed to live through their entire life spans under a specific-pathogen free condition. The excess relative risk for prevalence at the time of death of ovarian tumors was used as a comprehensive measure of radiation effect. The excess relative risks at 1Gy were estimated for all irradiated groups based on the dose-response relationships and compared to each other. A marked increase in susceptibility was found during the age between day 17 prenatal and day 0 postnatal period. A drastic decrease in susceptibility was observed during the period between day 105 and day 240. The shape of the dose-response curve was downward concave in mice irradiated at day 0, 7, 35 or 105 postnatal period, whereas, the downward curvature of dose-response was not observed in mice irradiated at day 17 prenatal period, day 240, 365 or 550 postnatal period. It has become obvious that mice of the early postnatal, pre-puberty and young adult periods are highly susceptible to induction of ovarian tumors by gamma rays.

著者

佐々木 弘 吉永 春馬

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.3, pp.117-127, 1971-09

被引用文献数

1 3

---

The fate of HeLa cells irradiated with X-rays and fast neutrons was followed by cine and continual photographic procedures. The following interestings were made through detailed analysis of the films. (1) No differences could be observed between X- and neutron irradiated cells as to the types of cell abnormalities as well as modes of cell disintegration. (2) Cell fusion played an important role in reproductive cell death. Furthermore, cell fusion was observed between cells other than sisters, cousins, aunts or nieces. (3) In the pedigree of cells with colony-forming ability, these was a tendency for both cell death and normal cell division to occur in clusters of closely-related cells.

著者

TAKADA JUN HOSHI MASAHARU NAGATOMO TSUNETO YAMAMOTO MASAYOSHI ENDO SATORU TAKATSUJI TOSHIHIRO YOSHIKAWA ISAO GUSEV BORIS I. SAKERBAEV ALEXANDER K. TCHAIJUNUSOVA NAILYA.J.

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of radiation research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.337-344, 1999-12

被引用文献数

13 33 44

---

Accumulated external radiation doses of residents near the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site of the former USSR are presented as a results of study by the thermoluminescence technique for bricks sampled at several settlements in 1995 and 1996. The external doses that we evaluated from exposed bricks were up to about 100 cGy for resident. The external doses at several points in the center of Semipalatinsk City ranged from a background level to 60 cGy, which was remarkably high compared with the previously reported values based on military data. INTRODUCTION A total of 459 nuclear tests were conducted by the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) between 1949 and 1989 at the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site (SNTS) of Kazakhstan, including 87 atmospheric, 26 on the ground, and 346 underground explosions1). The total release of the energy equivalent of trinitrotoluene (TNT) of about 18 Mt was eleven hundred times that of the Hiroshima atomic bomb. However, previous reports concerning the effects of radiation on residents near the SNTS based on data provided by the Defense Department of the former USSR2, 3) did not involve direct experimental data concerning the effective equivalent dose. They just measured some doses for particular settlements after some nuclear explosions. These did not indicate an integrated dose of the residents of all the explosions. The technique of thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD), which had been successfully applied in dosimetry for the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombs4, 5), enabled us to evaluate the accumulated external gamma ray doses of all the nuclear explosions at specific places in the Semipalatinsk test site. The TLD technique is well-established not only for instantaneous exposure as in A-bombs (Hiroshima and Nagasaki)6) but also in prolonged exposure to natural radiation, which is used in dating7). Moreover, this technique was applicable for dosimetry studies of radioactive fallout as shown in studies of the Chernobyl accident8,9).

著者

OGUMA Nobuo SHIGETA Chiharu TANAKA Kimio KAMADA Nanao

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of radiation research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.4, 1996-12

著者

井上 稔 早坂 静 孫 学智 山村 英樹

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.204-213, 1993-09

被引用文献数

7 17

---

We show that neuronal migration is disturbed by low-dose gamma-radiation of 0.24 Gy in the developing cerebral cortex of mice and suggest that neuronal progenitors in the S phase of mitosis are more sensitive than those in the G_1/G_0 phase. To pulse-label the fetal cells pregnant Slc ICR mice were injected with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) at 10.00 pm on day 16 of pregnancy or at 9.30 am on day 17. The mice then were exposed to 0.24 Gy gamma- or sham-irradiation at 10.00 am on day 17 of pregnancy. At the time of exposure cells labeled on day 16 were regarded as having completed mitosis, and those labeled on day 17 as being in the S phase. Cell death in the fetal ventricular zone after exposure was negligible. Dams were allowed to give birth and rear their litters. Brain samples obtained from offspring on the 2nd day after birth and at 6 weeks of age were used for the immunohistochemical examination of BrdU-labeled cells.

著者

Imanaka Tetsuji Fukutani Satoshi Yamamoto Masayoshi SAKAGUCHI Aya HOSHI Masaharu

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of radiation research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, pp.A121-A127, 2006-02

被引用文献数

3 15

---

Dolon village, located about 60 km from the border of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, is known to be heavily contaminated by local fallout from the first USSR atomic bomb test in 1949. External radiation in Dolon was evaluated based on recent 137Cs data in soil and calculation of temporal change in the fission product composition. After fitting a log-normal distribution to the soil data, a 137Cs deposition of 32 kBq m-2, which corresponds to the 90th-percentile of the distribution, was tentatively chosen as a value to evaluate the radiation situation in 1949. Our calculation indicated that more than 95% of the cumulative dose for 50 y had been delivered within 1 y after the deposition. The resulting cumulative dose for 1 y after the deposition, normalized to the initial contamination containing 1 kBq m-2 of 137Cs, was 15.6 mGy, assuming a fallout arrival time of 3 h and a medium level of fractionation. Finally, 0.50 Gy of absorbed dose in air was derived as our tentative estimate for 1-year cumulative external dose in Dolon due to local fallout from the first USSR test in 1949.