著者

Atsushi TOYODA Takahiro KAWASE Takamitsu TSUKAHARA

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.2, pp.101-111, 2020-04-01 (Released:2020-04-19)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

6

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The intestinal ecosystem is involved in the pathogenesis of mood disorders such as depression. Intestinal microbes can affect the central nervous system through the gut–brain axis, which raises the possibility of using probiotics for preventing depression. In this study, we examined the effect of heat-inactivated Lactobacillus gasseri CP2305 (CP2305) in a subchronic and mild social defeat stress (sCSDS) mouse model. sCSDS suppressed food intake. However, dietary CP2305 intake rescued it, suggesting that CP2305 improved the decreased appetite in sCSDS mice. sCSDS did not alter the gene expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, and neurotrophin-3 in the hippocampus. However, dietary CP2305 provided following sCSDS increased the gene expression of these neurotrophins in the hippocampus. These findings suggest that CP2305 supplementation would aid in preventing psychosocial stress–induced disorders.

著者

Yuusuke SAITSU Akemi NISHIDE Kenji KIKUSHIMA Kuniyoshi SHIMIZU Koichiro OHNUKI

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.125-131, 2019-08-01 (Released:2019-08-14)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

29

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Hericium erinaceus has been recognized as medical mushroom since ancient time, but its scientific evidence for human health has been still uncertain. In this study, we tested a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group comparative study to evaluate the improvement of the cognitive functions by taking supplements containing fruiting body of H. erinaceus for 12 weeks. We performed three kinds of tests: Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Benton visual retention test, and Standard verbal paired-associate learning test (S-PA). MMSE alone showed that oral intake of H. erinaceus significantly improved cognitive functions and prevented from the deterioration. We speculate that various chemical compounds, including hericenones, in the mushroom have multiple effects to the brain neural networks and improve cognitive functions. Oral intake of H.erinaceus is safe and convenient method for dementia prevention so far.

著者

Satoshi TSUZUKI

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.4, pp.127-146, 2023-08-03 (Released:2023-08-05)

参考文献数

198

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Fat (triglycerides) consumption is critical for the survival of animals, including humans. Being able to smell fat can be advantageous in judging food value. However, fat has poor volatility; thus, olfaction of fat seems impossible. What about fatty acids that comprise fat? Humans smell and discriminate medium-chain fatty acids. However, no conclusive evidence has been provided for the olfactory sense of long-chain fatty acids, including essential acids such as linoleic acid (LA). Instead, humans likely perceive the presence of essential fatty acids through the olfaction of volatile compounds generated by their oxidative breakdown (e.g., hexanal and γ-decalactone). For some people, such scents are pleasing, especially when they come from fruit. Nonetheless, it remains unclear whether the olfaction of these volatiles leads to the recognition of fat per se. Nowadays, people often smell LA-borne aldehydes such as E,E-2,4-decadienal that occur appreciably, for example, from edible oils during deep frying, and are pronely captivated by their characteristic “fatty” note, which can be considered a “pseudo-perception” of fat. However, our preference for such LA-borne aldehyde odors may be a potential cause behind the modern overdose of n-6 fatty acids. This review aims to provide a view of whether and, if any, how we olfactorily perceive dietary fats and raises future purposes related to human fat olfaction, such as investigating sub-olfactory systems for detecting long-chain fatty acids.

著者

Yasuyuki SASANO Alu KONNO Megumi NAKAMURA Akiko HENMI Miyuki MAYANAGI Mu-Chen YANG Ikuko YAO

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.4, pp.173-179, 2023-08-03 (Released:2023-08-05)

参考文献数

12

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Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) is used to comprehensively visualize the spatial distribution of numerous biomolecules. The present study was designed to investigate the distribution of phospholipids in developing rat teeth by IMS to identify the characteristic phospholipid molecules for tooth development, and to evaluate the suitability of tissue preparation methods. Rats at postnatal day 3 were euthanized, and the resected head specimens were either fixed or not fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA), and decalcified or not decalcified in 10% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) before being frozen. Subsequently, sections were prepared and mounted on glass slides coated with indium tin oxide, and analyzed by IMS. The mass spectra showed the highest peaks around m/z 706, 732, and 734 in the region of interest. Characteristic localization of signals in the tooth buds was seen around m/z 706 and 732, and a database search indicated that the corresponding molecules were phosphatidylcholines. The signals were localized to the dental papillae and enamel epithelia in the tooth buds. The PFA-fixed specimens with or without EDTA decalcification showed preserved IMS signals, while the non-fixed specimens showed fewer signals. Thus, PFA fixation with EDTA decalcification appears to be suitable for IMS analysis of calcified tissues.

著者

Minoru Suzuki Yutaka Masuda

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.5, pp.233-238, 2008 (Released:2008-11-07)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

14 13

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Oseltamivir (Tamiflu®, Roche Laboratories, Inc.) is a neuraminidase inhibitor that can cause jumpdown behaviors in children. There is a mouse slip-down model, in which the dopamine D2 receptor activity is increased by serum sialoglycolipids and the mouse jump-down behavior appears in response to the dopamine D2 receptor agonist, PPHT. The present study examined the effect of oseltamivir on jump-down behavior in mice. Oseltamivir sialylates a serum glycolipid and this modified glycolipid induces jump-down behavior via the stimulation of dopamine D2 receptors. This mechanism may be involved in the abnormal behavior of children taking oseltamivir.

著者

Hiroyuki TADA Takamitsu SHIMIZU Kenji MATSUSHITA Haruhiko TAKADA

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.3, pp.167-173, 2017-06-01 (Released:2017-06-20)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

10 12

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hCAP-18/LL-37 is an antimicrobial peptide that is mainly expressed in epithelial cells. Gingival epithelial cells play pivotal roles in antimicrobial defense by expressing hCAP-18/LL-37. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a primary pathogen for chronic periodontitis and produces cysteine proteinase gingipains, which induce proinflammatory cytokines production, leading to enhance inflammatory responses. In contrast, gingipains attenuate immune responses, leading to induce anti-inflammatory responses. In this study, we investigated the ability of gingipains to attenuate P. gingivalis-induced hCAP-18/LL-37 production by human gingival epithelial Ca9-22 cells. The expression of LL-37 mRNA was increased by the infection of Ca9-22 cells with a P. gingivalis gingipains-null mutant KDP136 compared with P. gingivalis wild-type strain ATCC 33277. Interleukin (IL)-33 is involved in the development of chronic inflammatory diseases, and P. gingivalis infection increases IL-33 production by human gingival epithelial cells. P. gingivalis-induced LL-37 mRNA expression was augmented in IL-33 small interfering RNA-transfected Ca9-22 cells. Maxacalcitol (22-oxacalcitriol: OCT) is a biologically active metabolite of vitamin D3 analog, and OCT increases hCAP-18/LL-37 production by human gingival epithelial cells. The increasing expression of LL-37 mRNA by OCT was down-regulated by infection of the cells with P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 in Ca9-22 cells. Furthermore, P. gingivalis infection induced IL-33 mRNA expression in Ca9-22 cells; therefore, P. gingivalis-induced endogenous IL-33 down-regulated hCAP-18/LL-37 production by the bacterium. These findings suggested that endogenous IL-33 down-regulates the induction of hCAP-18/LL-37 production in human gingival epithelial cells.

著者

Natsuko AIDA Kazuyoshi TAKEDA Susumu NAKAE Hirohisa SAITO Ko OKUMURA Toshifumi AZUMA Tatsukuni OHNO

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.1, pp.9-16, 2023-01-25 (Released:2023-01-23)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

1

---

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the IL-1 cytokine family that has been studied primarily in the context of type 2 immune responses. Recent reports suggest that IL-33 also enhances the func- tions of various immune cells and contributes to the development of different inflammatory diseas- es. Interestingly, IL-33 and its receptor ST2 axis exerted either inhibitory or promotional effects on alveolar bone loss in various periodontitis models. Using a mouse model of ligature-induced periodontitis, we found that the levels of mRNAs encoding IL-33 and other inflammatory cyto- kines (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα) were augmented in gingival tissues of wild-type (WT) mice, and that the alveolar bone loss amount was lower in IL-33-deficient than WT mice. The numbers and proportions of IFN-γ-producing CD8+ T and regulatory T cells were decreased while those of Th17 cells were increased in the draining lymph nodes of IL-33-deficient mice compared to WT mice. Additionally, the level of RNA encoding an osteoclastogenic molecule, i.e., receptor activa- tor of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), in ligated gingival tissue was higher in IL-33-defi- cient than WT mice. These results suggest that IL-33 is involved in alveolar bone loss in the ligature-induced periodontitis model, although IL-33 may inhibit osteoclast differentiation.

著者

Syota SEINO Takeru KIMOTO Hidemi YOSHIDA Kunikazu TANJI Tomoh MATSUMIYA Ryo HAYAKARI Kazuhiko SEYA Shogo KAWAGUCHI Kazushi TSURUGA Hiroshi TANAKA Tadaatsu IMAIZUMI

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.3, pp.105-115, 2018-06-01 (Released:2018-06-12)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

10 15

---

Accumulation and oligomerization of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides have been known to be a potent cause of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). To expand the possibilities of preventing AD, we investigated the effects of resveratrol dimers, gnetin C and ε-viniferin, on Aβ 1–42 (Aβ42) production and the reduced cell viability observed after Aβ42 treatment (monomers, 10 μM) in cultured SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Among them, addition of gnetin C (20 μM) into the media reduced Aβ42 production most efficiently. Gnetin C suppressed the expression of β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE1, β-secretase). Furthermore, gnetin C ameliorated the Aβ42-reduced cell viability most significantly. Concomitantly, gnetin C reduced intracellular Aβ oligomers (ca. 15 and 130 kDa) and elevated both levels of intracellular and extracellular Aβ monomers. Under the treatment with or without Aβ42, gnetin C upregulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-14 (MMP-14) which is assumed to be an Aβ-decomposing enzyme. Gnetin C may thereby prevent Aβ toxicity by suppressing BACE1 and enhancing MMP-14, together with reducing both internalization and oligomerization of exogenous Aβ monomers. The use of gnetin C may lead to the prevention of Aβ-mediated diseases, particularly AD.

著者

Masatoshi OKUBO Yoh-ichi SATOH Masato HIRAKAWA Kana SASAKI Kazuki MASU Gabriel J. MCHONDE Chika IKEDA-KUROSAWA Daijiro KUROSAKA Tomoyuki SAINO

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, pp.101-115, 2016-04-01 (Released:2016-04-23)

参考文献数

87

被引用文献数

3 3

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5-hydroxytriptamine (5-HT: serotonin) is an important transmitter that causes vessel constriction, although few studies have examined the effect of 5-HT on venous smooth muscles. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) plays an essential role in stimulus-response coupling in numerous tissue/cells including vascular smooth muscle cells. The present study was performed to examine whether differences between arteries and veins in the response to 5-HT can be detected under confocal microscope with respect to [Ca2+]i dynamics. In posterior ciliary arteries of rats, 5-HT induced a [Ca2+]i increase. The 5-HT-induced responses were caused by both Ca2+ influx and mobilization. Agonist and antagonist experiments revealed that arterial smooth muscles possess 5-HT1a, 1b, 2 (Gprotein-coupled type) and 5-HT3 (ion channel type) receptors, and that 5-HT2 in particular plays a major role in these responses. For vorticose veins, the 5-HT-induced responses were also caused by both Ca2+ influx and mobilization. However, the cAMP dependent pathway (5-HT4-7) was found to be significant in vasocontraction with respect to 5-HT in these vessels. Thus, Ca2+ mobilization was induced by 5-HT2 and 5-HT4-7 in a vessel-dependent manner, whereas Ca2+ influx universally was induced by 5-HT3. These results indicate that the posterior ciliary arteries and vorticose veins in the same tissue might differ greatly in their responses to stimulus.

著者

Yuuki HORII Kanako OKADERA Shingo MIYAWAKI Takahiko SHIINA Yasutake SHIMIZU

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.2, pp.53-57, 2022-04-15 (Released:2022-04-15)

参考文献数

27

---

Torpor, a state of lowered body temperature due to active reduction of the metabolic rate, has potential medical benefits. The aim of this study was to establish a novel laboratory animal that enter torpor without imposing complex conditions. When house musk shrews (Suncus murinus) were kept at an ambient temperature of 24°C, most of the animals did not enter daily torpor. However, when the ambient temperature was lowered to below 20°C, all of the shrews showed torpor in the absence of fasting and short-day photoperiod. The shrews that were exposed to a stepwise decrease in ambient temperature from 24°C to 8°C entered torpor even after returning them to a room kept at 24°C. In conclusion, this study indicates that Suncus murinus may be a suitable model animal for elucidating the mechanism of daily torpor. Elucidation of the mechanisms of torpor by using this model may be useful for inducing a state of artificial hibernation in various species including humans.

著者

Keiko Nakazato Yuko Yoshida Ken Takemori Katsuya Kobayashi Atsuhiro Sakamoto

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.17-24, 2009 (Released:2009-03-06)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

10 13

---

We previously showed that sevoflurane anesthesia affected the expression ratios of 177 of 10,000 genes in multiple organs of rats by microarray analyses. The maximum number of altered genes was detected in the liver, and included several genes characterized as encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs). Here, we investigated whether alterations of pharmacokinetic gene expressions after anesthesia differed between inhalation and intravenous anesthesia, and how long the alterations persisted after awakening from anesthesia. Livers were obtained from rats (n = 6 per group) anesthetized with sevoflurane, isoflurane, propofol or dexmedetomidine for 0 or 6 h, and rats awakened for 24 h after anesthesia for 6 h. The mRNA expression ratios of eight genes encoding DMEs that showed the greatest alterations in the previous study, namely Cyp7a1, Cyp2b15, Por, Nr1i2, Ces2, Ugt1a7, Abcb1a and Abcc2, were measured by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The expression ratios were mostly increased after 6 h of anesthesia and returned to their control levels at 24 h after awakening from anesthesia. However, the expression ratios of some genes remained elevated for 24 h after awakening from anesthesia. There were differences between inhalation and intravenous anesthesia, and interestingly, between sevoflurane and isoflurane and between propofol and dexmedetomidine.

著者

Chikako TOMIYAMA Mayumi WATANABE Takashi HONMA Akihiro INADA Takayoshi HAYAKAWA Masae RYUFUKU Toru ABO

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.2, pp.135-142, 2015-04-01 (Released:2015-04-16)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

12 19

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The effect of repetitive mild hyperthermia on body temperature, the autonomic nervous system, and innate and adaptive immunity was investigated using a new hyperthermia treatment system, nanomist sauna (NMS). Six healthy volunteers participated and the concentration of catecholamines and cortisol, and the frequency and function of leukocytes in the peripheral blood were investigated before and after successive 7 days of hyperthermia treatment (20 min/day, 40°C, 100% relative humidity). After treatment, the blood level of adrenaline and cortisol on the 7th day was decreased compared with the 1st day, indicating the suppression of the sympathetic nervous system activity. Moreover, the frequency of CD56+NK, CD56+NKT and B cells on the 7th day tended to be increased compared with the 1st day. The frequency of HLA-DR-positive NK and NKT cells and expression of HLA-DR on B and T cells increased. The cytotoxicity of NK cells and proliferative response of B cells were also elevated. The results indicate that repetitive mild hyperthermia treatment might suppress excessive sympathetic dominance and modify immunity. Additionally, because it can provide the same effects as conventional hyperthermia treatments with minimal burden to the body, NMS may be a novel patient- and elderly-friendly hyperthermia treatment for health promotion.

著者

Takahiro INOUE Yasuyuki TAKAMATSU Misato OKAMURA Hiroki MANI Naoya HASEGAWA Hiroshi MAEJIMA

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.103-108, 2021-06-07 (Released:2021-06-07)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1

---

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). This study examined the effect of specific inhibition of α5 subunit-containing GABAA receptors (α5GABAAR) on the behavioral profile and neuronal activity of the CNS using a compound called L-655,708, which is a selective negative allosteric modulator of α5GABAAR. L-655,708 administration significantly increased locomotor activity without anxiety-related behavior. Furthermore, L-655,708 administration significantly increased c-Fos mRNA expression (a neuronal activity marker) in motor area of the cerebral cortex, whereas it hardly altered c-Fos mRNA expression in the sensory cortex, hippocampus, and spinal cord. This study revealed for the first time that alteration of neuronal activity with specific inhibition of α5GABAAR differs depending on each CNS region. α5GABAAR could be a potential target for modulating CNS excitability and behavioral activity.

著者

JOAN D. BOOMSMA HUSSEIN D. FODA SAMI I. SAID

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.4, pp.273-277, 1991-08-01 (Released:2015-06-01)

被引用文献数

7 7

著者

Keishi HATA TOMATSU Sayaka Masaki TAKAHASHI Akira SASAKI Yui UMEKAWA Kazuya MIYASHITA Kazumi OGURA Gen TOSHIMA Masahiro MAEDA Junichiro TAKAHASHI Masakazu KAKUNI

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.33-42, 2020-02-01 (Released:2020-02-22)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

5

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We investigated lipid metabolism in PXB-cells, which are human primary hepatocytes isolated from liver-humanized mice, and HepG2 and HuH-7 human hepatoma cell lines. Lipoprotein levels were higher in PXB-cells than in the 2 other cell lines, and PXB-cells mainly released triglycerides and cholesterol as very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), similar to actual liver tissue, whereas the major lipoprotein released from the 2 hepatoma cell lines was LDL. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the gene expression levels of apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB100), the apolipoprotein of VLDL/LDL, were similar in PXB-cells and HepG2 cells, while the overexpression of ApoC2, ApoC3, and ApoE, which are components of VLDL, but not LDL, was observed in PXBcells. A protein immunoassay revealed that ApoB100 levels secreted from PXB-cells and HuH-7 cells were similar; however, ApoC3 levels were higher in PXB-cells than in the two other cell lines. We also examined the anti-lipidemic activities of fenofibrate using this assay system. Fenofibrate suppressed lipoprotein production from PXB-cells in a dose-dependent manner mainly by activating the β-oxidation pathway. These results suggest that PXB-cells produce high levels of lipoproteins and are suitable for screening anti-lipidemic agents.

著者

Won Jae HUH Joseph TE ROLAND Masato ASAI Izumi KAJI

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.2, pp.113-118, 2020-04-01 (Released:2020-04-19)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

14

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Clinical interest into the function of tuft cells in human intestine has increased in recent years. However, no quantitative study has examined intestinal tuft cells in pathological specimens from patients. This study quantified tuft cell density by using a recently identified marker, specific for tyrosine phosphorylation (pY1798) of girdin (also known as CCDC88A or GIV) in the duodenum of pediatric patients. Deidentified sections with pathological diagnosis of acute duodenitis, ulcer, or celiac disease, and age-matched normal control were analyzed under double-blind conditions. Immunostaining for pY1798-girdin demonstrated the distinct shape of tuft cells with and filopodia-like basolateral membrane structure and a small apical area, which densely expressed gamma-actin. As compared to normal tissues, the specimens diagnosed as celiac disease and duodenal ulcer had significantly fewer tuft cell numbers. In contrast, acute duodenitis showed varied population of tuft cells. The mucosa with severe inflammation showed lower tuft cell numbers than the specimens with none to mild inflammation. These results suggest that loss of tuft cells may be involved in prolonged inflammation in the duodenal mucosa and disrupted mucosal integrity. pY1798-girdin and gamma-actin are useful markers for investigating the distribution and morphologies of human intestinal tuft cells under healthy and pathological conditions.

著者

Hikaru TAKESHITA Eri WATANABE Yoshihiko NOROSE Yasuhiko ITO Hidemi TAKAHASHI

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.87-95, 2019-04-01 (Released:2019-04-13)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

2

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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) urease is a key protein for persistent infection of the bacteria in the stomach. Although H. pylori generally induce anti-H. pylori-specific antibodies (Abs), these Abs do not usually work for eradication or prevention of the H. pylori infection. In our previous study, we identified a linear epitope composed of 19-mer peptides termed UB-33, CHHLDKSIKEDVQFADSRI, within the large subunit of H. pylori urease. Anti-UB-33-specific Abs neutralized the enzymatic activity of H. pylori urease in vitro. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of immunization of BALB/c mice with H. pylori UB-33 peptide. After confirming the production of anti-UB-33-specific Abs, mice were challenged orally with H. pylori Sydney Strain-1 (SS-1). Mice producing anti-UB-33-specific Abs were not infected with SS-1, and the amount of SS-1 isolate in their stomach was significantly reduced. Also, the urease-negative mutant of H. pylori, HPP1801, did not colonize in the stomach, indicating that H. pylori urease was a critical element for infection of H. pylori in the gastric mucosa. Moreover, mice producing UB-33-specific Abs apparently suppressed H. pylori infection in the stomach where anti-UB-33 Abs were secreted in the gastric juice, indicating that H. pylori colonization was inhibited in the presence of anti-UB-33 Abs. In addition, the neutralization activity of sera from mice immunized with purified urease was less potent than that in the sera from mice immunized with UB-33. Furthermore, the recognition of epitope UB-33 was mediated through Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) on the B-1 cells using TLR2-knockout BALB/c mice in vivo. These results indicate that liner peptide UB-33 should be used for immunization to induce neutralizing Abs instead of purified H. pylori urease to prevent H. pylori infection and their colonization in the stomach.

著者

Kakeru ITO Miho YASUDA Yuki MAEDA Jean-Michel FUSTIN Yoshiaki YAMAGUCHI Yuka KONO Hiromitsu NEGORO Akihiro KANEMATSU Osamu OGAWA Masao DOI Hitoshi OKAMURA

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.57-63, 2018-04-01 (Released:2018-04-18)

参考文献数

29

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Micturition behavior follows regular day/night fluctuations, and unwanted increase in micturition could occur during night in jet lag condition. To clarify the effect of jet lag on micturition behavior, we simultaneously detected circadian micturition patterns and locomotor activity rhythms of mice under experimental jet lag conditions, by applying the improved automated Voided Stain on Paper (aVSOP) method. When wild-type (WT) mice were phase-advanced for 8 hours, day-night variation of micturition was disrupted suddenly, and this irregular daily micturition continued until 8 days, although their activity rhythms entrained gradually day by day until 8 days. We also examined how jet lag induced changes of micturition in Per-null mice lacking Per1, Per2 and Per3 genes, whose endogenous clock is completely disrupted. We found both micturition and locomotor activity of Per-null mice promptly entrained to the new LD cycle. These findings suggest that the irregular micturition during jet lag is caused along with the gradual shift of the endogenous clock, and paradoxically, jet lag-associated abnormality was absent when endogenous circadian oscillations were genetically disrupted.

著者

Masahiro TODA Shinsuke KUSAKABE Shingo NAGASAWA Kazuyuki KITAMURA Kanehisa MORIMOTO

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.115-118, 2007 (Released:2007-05-16)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

17 31

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We investigated the effect of laughter on salivary endocrinological stress marker chromogranin A (CgA). In saliva samples collected from 11 healthy males before and after watching a comic film or a non-humorous control film, salivary CgA levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Samples taken after watching the comic film showed increased levels of CgA. This tendency was more pronounced in individuals with lower initial levels of stress. The control samples showed no significant change in CgA levels. Stress score, subjectively evaluated using a visual analog scale, decreased significantly after watching the comic film. These findings suggest that, in addition to a stress relief effect, laughter can bring about feeling uplifted or fulfilled.

著者

Yasuyuki Kudo Satoko Morohashi Kaori Takasugi Shinji Tsutsumi Hiroshi Ogasawara Norihiro Hanabata Tetsuro Yoshimura Fuyuki Sato Shinsaku Fukuda Hiroshi Kijima

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.127-134, 2011 (Released:2011-05-03)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

3 5

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Recent advances in endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) techniques contribute to endoscopic treatment of early gastric cancer (EGC). Recognition of chronic atrophic gastritis as the background is important for high-quality detection and diagnosis of EGC. But, relationships between EGC and atrophy of the background gastric mucosa caused by Helicobacter pylori are not well understood. The present study demonstrated histopathological phenotypes of EGC, as well as chronic atrophic gastritis as background mucosa of EGC. We evaluated mucosal heights, number of glands, and degree of intestinal metaplasia (IM) of the background gastric mucosa, using 81 cases of EGC resected by ESD. Gastric phenotype cancer cases showed IM of the background gastric mucosa less frequently, compared with intestinal phenotype cancer cases (score of IM, 1.15 vs. 1.65, P = 0.012). The average mucosal heights around EGC were lower in moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma cases than well differentiated adenocarcinoma cases (442.6 μm vs. 500.2 μm, P = 0.011). The mucosal atrophy indicated by average heights of background mucosa was low in the gastric phenotype cancer cases, compared with the intestinal phenotype cancercases (452.8 μm vs. 505.6 μm, P = 0.018). In the fundic gland area, the mucosal heights were low in the gastric phenotype cancer cases, compared with the intestinal phenotype cancer cases (413.2 μm vs. 495.5 μm, P = 0.015). Our results using EGC specimens indicated that gastric phenotype cancer and moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma had atrophic background mucosa with lower mucosal heights and less IM. The atrophic gastric mucosa with less IM is thought to play an important role in gastric carcinogenesis, especially tumoriogenesis of gastricphenotype cancer.