著者

Yusuke Murakami Hisakatsu Iwabuchi Yukie Ohba Harukazu Fukami

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.12, pp.1251-1260, 2019 (Released:2019-12-01)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

12

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The Habanero pepper is characterized by its strong pungency and fruity aroma. The aim of the present study was to extract the volatile compounds of Habanero peppers, using solvent extraction and solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) methods, and to analyze them using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The analysis detected 66 volatile compounds, including 6-methyl-(E)-4-heptenyl 3-methylbutanoate 1, which was reported previously, and 6-methyl-(E)-4-heptenyl 2-methylpropanoate 2, the corresponding butanoate 3, 2-methylbutanoate 4, and 6-methyl-(E)-4-heptenol 5, which were found in both Habanero and other peppers. 6-Methyl-(E)-4-heptenyl 3-methylbutanoate 1 and related compounds were synthesized. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) of the volatile profiles generally grouped the pepper samples by species and indicated that Habanero peppers are characterized by the presence of 6-methyl-(E)-4-heptenyl esters.

著者

Yuanjiao Li Peng Li Guanghua Xia Chuan Li Xuanri Shen

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ess19189, (Released:2019-11-15)

被引用文献数

6

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In this study, we first isolate phospholipid (PL) from Golden pompano head (GPH), and elucidate its structure. Gas chromatography (GC) was used to assess the GPH-PL fatty acid composition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet absorption spectrometry (UV) were used for the qualitative analysis of GPH-PL, and LC-MS analysis was used to determine the major PL species. The results show that the contents of the various molecular species of GPH-PL were generally in the order phosphatidylcholine (PC) > sphingomyelin (SM) > lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) > phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). The main molecular PC species are 16:0/18:2, 13:0/23:2, 27:2/9:0, 16:0/18:1, 12:0/22:2, 18:0/18:1, 18:0/24:1, and 18:1/24:0. The major SM species are 16:1/16:0, 16:0/18:1, 16:0/18:2, 16:0/26:2, and 18:1/24:1. The major LPC species are 18:1 and 16:0. The major PE species are 18:0/18:1 and 16:0/22:6. The total eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) contents in the GPH-PLs were 18.39%, and the content of DHA in the PL fraction was 16.47%. These results suggest that PLs from GPH is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which have good activity in anti-inflammation, anti-tumor, antiosteoporosis and other aspects, and have important development prospects in the future.

著者

水島 洋泉 深沢 純一 鈴木 敏幸

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.8, pp.586-592, 1995-08-20 (Released:2009-10-16)

参考文献数

29

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The mechanism for the self-assembly of the lamellar structure of intercellular stratum corneum lipids (SCL) has been a subject of considerable interest. The present study was conducted for clarification of this point using a synthetic pseudo-ceramide (SLE). The phase behavior and the structural characteristics of SLE other major components of SCL, fatty acids, cholesterol and cholesteryl esters, were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray analysis. Stable lamellar structures could be confirmed only in the mixed systems of SLE and long-chain saturated fatty acids (stearic acid and palmitic acid). Lipid mixtures whose saturated fatty acid had been replaced by oleic acid failed to form lamellar structures and crystals of SLE were found present within these mixtures. It thus follows that fatty acids, as well as ceramides are essential to the self organization of SCL and that stable bilayer formation depends considerably on fatty acid molecular structure.

著者

松村 輝男

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.Supplement, pp.36-40, 1969-11-25 (Released:2009-10-20)

参考文献数

5

著者

Kazuaki Yoshinaga Fumiaki Beppu Yoshio Yamatani Atsushi Kubo Aya Yoshinaga-Kiriake Toshiharu Nagai Akihiko Yoshida Jota Kanda Naohiro Gotoh

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.6, pp.591-598, 2019 (Released:2019-06-06)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

5

---

Fatty acids in triacylglycerol (TAG) are catabolized after digestion. However, the catabolic rates of several fatty acids bound to the α (sn-1, 3) or β (sn-2) position of TAG have not been thoroughly compared. In this study, the catabolic rates of 13C-labeled palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) bound to the α and β position of TAG were compared using isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The catabolic rates of the studied fatty acids were evaluated using the ratio of 13C and 12C in carbon dioxide expired from mice. The results indicated that palmitic acid, oleic acid, or α-linolenic acid bound to the β position was slowly catabolized for a long duration compared to that when bound to the α position. In contrast, EPA bound to the β position was quickly catabolized, and EPA bound to the α position was slowly catabolized for a long time. For linoleic acid or DHA, no difference in the catabolic rates was detected between the binding positions in TAG. Furthermore, EPA and DHA were less catabolized than the other fatty acids. These results indicate that the catabolic rates of fatty acids are influenced by their binding positions in TAG and that this influence on the catabolic rate differed depending on the fatty acid species.

著者

Ting-ting Liang Li-tao Tong Dong-hui Geng Li-li Wang Xian-rong Zhou Hua-yin Pu Wei Jia Qing-ping Wu Jun-rong Huang

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.9, pp.909-922, 2019 (Released:2019-09-04)

参考文献数

58

被引用文献数

11

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The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of wheat gluten on gut microbiota from hamsters and also analyse whether alterations in microbiota could result in wheat gluten’s lipid-lowering properties. Four weeks male hamsters were divided into 3 groups (n=10). Two hypercholesterolemic groups were fed for 35 days with hypercholesterolemic diet, containing 20% (w/w) wheat gluten or casein. Wheat gluten significantly reduced serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations, and also decreased the liver total cholesterol (TC), free cholesterol (FC), cholesterol ester (CE), triglycerides (TG) concentrations. Wheat gluten group had a higher fecal lipids, total cholesterol (TC) and bile acids (BA) than that of casein group (p < 0.05). Moreover, wheat gluten significantly increased total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) concentrations in feces. Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene revealed that intake of wheat gluten decreased the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Erysipelotrichaceae, but to increased the relative abundances of Bateroidetes, Bacteroidales_S24-7_group and Ruminococcaceae. The lipid lowering properties of wheat gluten was associated with the lower ratio of Firmicutes/Bateroidetes, the lower of the bacterial taxa Erysipelotrichaceae and the higher of the bacterial taxa Bacteroidales_S24-7_group and Ruminococcaceae. These results suggest that wheat gluten modulate cholesterol metabolism by altering intestinal microflora.

著者

Hina Okawara Koki Shinomiya Yoshimune Nonomura

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ess19099, (Released:2019-08-14)

被引用文献数

6

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Gels exhibit complex friction behavior. This study aims to evaluate the friction forces between two fractal agar gel substrates under sinusoidal motion to show the effect of rough surfaces on friction dynamics. In a previous study, we observed an asymmetric friction profile during reciprocating motion and an ultra-low friction state on flat agar gel surfaces. On the other hand, these distinct friction profiles were not observed on rough agar gel surfaces. We determined that this distinction was caused by the contact state between fractal agar gel surfaces; no thick water film was formed on the fractal surfaces because the rough structure provided channels to drain water from the interface. These physical insights are useful not only for developing biofunctional materials but also for understanding surface phenomena on biosurfaces including tongues and small intestinal walls.

著者

別府 正敏 菊川 清見

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.10, pp.738-750, 1995-10-20 (Released:2009-10-16)

参考文献数

110

被引用文献数

2 3

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Erythrocytes undergo oxidative damage including membrane lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation during the aging process. Naturally occurring IgG autoantibody to band 3 glycoprotein of the erythrocyte membrane (anti band 3) binds to the aged erythrocytes. The IgG binding is a critical event in the removal of aged erythrocytes from the circulation since IgG-bound cells are destined to be phagocytosed by the macrophages in spleens.The selective recognition of the aged cells by the antibody occurs by the following successive mechanisms : 1) lipid peroxidation and/or SH oxidation of proteins in the membrane, 2) clustering of band 3 glycoprotein on the membrane, 3) anti-band 3 binding to the sialyl poly-N-acetyllactosaminyl saccharide chains of the clustered band 3. These events indicate that lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation are closely related to the erythrocyte aging and the mechanism of the aged cell removal from the circulation.

著者

渡辺 昭一郎

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.8, pp.536-542, 1980-08-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

58

被引用文献数

1

著者

山田 実

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.10, pp.716-725, 1971-10-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

64

著者

Maki Miura Yoshimune Nonomura

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ess19016, (Released:2019-06-10)

被引用文献数

8

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Hydrophobicity of ingredients is important for designing food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Here, we evaluated the hydrophobicity of fatty acids and showed the effect of the alkyl length and the unsaturation degree using reversed-phase thin layer chromatography (RP-TLC). A linear relation was obtained between the methanol concentration in a mobile phase and the Rm value. The linear regression analysis was achieved and the hydrophobicity value Rmw was obtained using the robust regression (MM-estimator). The hydrophobicity of fatty acids depends on the structure of alkyl chain as follows: a longer alkyl chain in fatty acid increased the hydrophobicity. Additionally, the hydrophobicity increased as the number of unsaturated parts increased. Fatty acid with branched structures were less hydrophobic than that with straight chained structures.

著者

Bungo Shirouchi Ryosuke Matsuoka

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.6, pp.517-524, 2019 (Released:2019-06-06)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

13

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Abdominal fat accumulation causes metabolic syndrome, which is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities such as dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance or hyperinsulinemia, and hypertension, leading to the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Diets are known to contribute to the development or prevention of metabolic syndrome. Several studies have reported that the quality of dietary proteins may be an important modulator of the risk of this syndrome. We investigated the effects of consuming egg white protein (EWP) or lactic-fermented egg white (LE), an easy-to-consume form of egg white, on the development of metabolic syndrome in animal models and humans. In comparison with casein, dietary EWP decreased lymphatic lipid transport in thoracic lymph duct-cannulated rats. In an in vitro experiment, EWP pepsin hydrolysate decreased the cholesterol micellar solubility and cholesterol transfer rate from micelles to oil phase, and increased water-holding capacity, settling volume in water, and relative viscosity compared with casein pepsin hydrolysate. The daily consumption of LE for 8 weeks reduced serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels in men with mild hypercholesterolemia. Furthermore, dietary EWP reduced the body fat mass of rats by increasing the body protein mass and accelerating hepatic β-oxidation. The daily consumption of LE for 12 weeks reduced the visceral fat area and improved the ratio of the visceral to subcutaneous fat area. Taken together, these results indicated that dietary EWP and LE would be useful for preventing or alleviating metabolic syndrome.

著者

福田 清成 柴崎 芳夫 中原 弘雄

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.3, pp.156-165, 1990-03-20 (Released:2009-10-16)

参考文献数

64

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In LB films, acceleration or selectivity of chemical reactions and regulation of conformation or configuration of the products can be achieved, because mutual orientation and packing of the functional groups can be easily controlled. This review describes mainly polymerization reactions including both of condensation and addition, and chromic reactions such as cis-trans isomerization in the LB films. Polymers with specific structures can be obtained in the LB films and these are expected to improve the stabilization of functional LB films. Control of chromic reactions in the LB films are promising for the conversion of photoenergy, such as in optical memory.

著者

Taro Honma Nobuhiro Shiratani Yuki Banno Tetsu Kataoka Ryo Kimura Ikumi Sato Yasushi Endo Kayoko Kita Toshihide Suzuki Tsutomu Takayanagi

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.5, pp.481-491, 2019 (Released:2019-05-01)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

6

---

Conjugated linolenic acids (CLNs) are naturally occurring fatty acids that are believed to have anticancer properties. In this study, we examined various plant seeds from herbs to discover seed oils containing CLNs. The ultraviolet spectra of total lipids from these seeds were measured. An absorption maximum around 270 nm was observed in seed oils belonging to the Valerianaceae family (Centranthus ruber and Valeriana officinalis). When the fatty acid compositions of these seed oils were measured, CLNs were detected. By silica column chromatography, neutral lipids (NLs), glycolipids, and phospholipids were eluted from seed oils of C. ruber and V. officinalis. Then, fatty acid compositions of these fractions were measured. This revealed that most of the CLNs in these seed oils existed in the NL fraction. When the NL fractions of these seed oils were reacted with lipase, CLNs showed good sensitivity to lipase hydrolysis. This suggested that the CLNs in the seed oils of C. ruber and V. officinalis existed predominantly at the sn-1,3 position of triacylglycerol and less at the sn-2 position. These results suggested that the CLNs from the seed oils of C. ruber and V. officinalis could easily be taken up by cancer cells as free fatty acids and had good potential as antitumor substances.

著者

Charose Marie Ting Perez Kenshi Watanabe Yoshiko Okamura Yutaka Nakashimada Tsunehiro Aki

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ess19020, (Released:2019-05-16)

被引用文献数

11

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Thraustochytrids, a group of marine protists, are continuously gaining attention due to their capability in producing lipids for various biotechnological applications towards foods, medicines, chemicals, and biofuels. Although various substrates, predominantly glucose, have been used as carbon source for this microalga, it is desirable to adopt cheaper and more diversified substrate to expand their application range. In this study, we aimed to examine the ability of acetate, which can be easily generated from various resources by acetogenic microorganisms, as a substrate of Aurantiochytrium limacinum SR21. As a result of flask-scale analysis, specific growth rates (µ) of the strain SR21 grown in 3% acetate- or glucose-based medium were 0.55 and 0.98 h–1, respectively. The maximum yield of total fatty acid in acetate medium was 4.8 g/L at 48 h while that in glucose medium was 6.8 g/L at 30 h, indicating that acetate has potential as substrate. Metabolome analysis was performed to comprehensively elucidate characteristic metabolic fluctuations caused by acetate assimilation and identify targets to improve the fatty acid productivity from acetate. It was found that the use of glyoxylate cycle, which bypasses release of energy molecules such as NADH and GTP, and the inhibition of utilization of compounds from TCA cycle for anabolic reactions, may cause the slow growth in acetate which has an effect also in lipid productivity. The activity of the pentose phosphate pathway was found to be weak in acetate cultivation, thus NADPH was mainly produced in malate-pyruvate cycle. Lastly, mevalonate pathway was found to be activated in acetate cultivation which additionally competes with acetyl-CoA as starting material of fatty acid synthesis.

著者

見城 一敏

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.6, pp.267-277, 1966-06-20 (Released:2009-10-20)

参考文献数

14

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Author studied the states of dissolution in the ternary system consisting of polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether different in the degree of ethylene oxide polymerization, essential oil different in polarity, and water. When such ternary system is heated starting from turbid heterogeneous phase, it turns into transparent homogeneous phase then reaches again claud point on further heating. Author obtained diagrams of dissolution states of the system by the measurement of transparent point and claud point and the plotted curves deviled the diagram into three regions; the first heterogeneous phase system above the claud point curve; the second homogeneous (solubilized) phase system; and the third heterogeneous phase system below the transparent point curve. From the diagram, minimum concentration of each surfactant required (required concentration) for the solubilization of each essential oil at any temperature was obtained, and it showed a smallest value in the system of the intermediate n (degree of polymerization of ethyleneoxide) which is the optimum solubilizer. n, HLB and the required concentration of the optimum solubilizer between 0 and 40 can be easily found from the diagram. Optimum value of HLB obtained increased with increase of the polarity of essential oil. Effect of ethanol addition to the ternary system was also discussed.

著者

Kento Fujii Yuma Ota Kazuo Nishiyama Hisato Kunitake Yumi Yamasaki Hiroyuki Tari Kaori Araki Teruaki Arakawa Masao Yamasaki

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.5, pp.471-479, 2019 (Released:2019-05-01)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

7

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Blueberry leaf is currently a popular dietary supplement. Effects of dietary blueberry leaf and its active components on body fat accumulation were examined. C57BL/6J mice were fed high-fat, high-sucrose diet with or without 3% blueberry leaf extract (BLEx) or 3% concentrated-polyphenolic BLEx (CP BLEx) for 8 weeks. Compared to mice fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet without blueberry leaf, BLEx and CP BLEx significantly reduced body weight and adipose tissue weight gain. Adipocytes were also smaller and and liver lipid accumulatioin was significantly inhibited in mice fed either BLEx or CP BLEx. These effects tended to be more pronounced in mice fed CP BLEx compared to in mice fed BLEx. Together, results suggest that blueberry leaf inhibits body fat accumulation typically observed in mice fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet, and that inhibition is attributable to polyphenolic components in leaf extracts.

著者

Ken D. Stark

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ess19042, (Released:2019-05-16)

被引用文献数

6

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Assessing dietary intake is critical for understanding the relationship between diet and health. Fatty acid blood biomarkers have been particularly useful in determining dietary intakes and assessing the risk of chronic disease. However, fatty acid analysis involves the removal of fatty acids from their complex lipid structures resulting in a loss of potentially useful biological information. “Lipidomics” involves the use of mass spectrometry to identify lipids in their native form. Lipidomic approaches present challenges as an alternative to fatty acid analysis. This includes different types of lipidomic approaches and a lack of consensus on the lipids reported in different studies. Distinguishing between macrolipidomic approaches to characterize highly abundant lipids and microlipidomic approaches examining low abundant bioactive lipids and the use of brutto, medio, genio, and infinio to describe the level of information of lipidomic data can provide clarity to the field. Using lipidomic measurements for understanding docosahexaenoic acid metabolism during pregnancy will also be examined.

著者

奥村 統 向山 恒治

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

油化学 (ISSN:18842003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.10, pp.754-760, 1987-10-20 (Released:2009-11-10)

参考文献数

45

著者

Keiko Hirakawa Kaoru Koike Yoshimasa Kanawaku Tsuyoshi Moriyama Norio Sato Takao Suzuki Kenichi Furihata Youkichi Ohno

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ess18212, (Released:2019-03-13)

被引用文献数

6

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Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is useful for the analysis of biological samples such as serum. Free induction decays (FIDs) are NMR signals that follow a radio-frequency pulse applied at the resonance frequency. Short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is a basic method for time-frequency analyses. The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether the STFT of FIDs enables the sensitive detection of changes and differences in serum properties. FIDs were obtained from serum collected from young, healthy, male volunteers ≤ 40 years of age and seniors ≥ 65 years of age. Temporal changes in the instantaneous amplitudes for the time-domain analysis, fast Fourier transform for frequency-domain analysis, and STFT were applied to the FIDs. The STFT-based spectrogram represented the complex frequency components that changed dynamically over time, indicating that the spectrogram enabled the visualization of the features of an FID. Furthermore, the results of a partial least-squares discriminant analysis demonstrated that the STFT was superior to the other two methods for discriminating between serum from younger and older subjects. In conclusion, the STFT of FIDs obtained from proton NMR measurements was useful for evaluating similarities and dissimilarities in the FIDs obtained from serum samples.