1 0 0 0 OA 消化管運動へのグルタミン酸効果の数値的評価:高速MRIによる研究
- 著者
- 中山 晋介 寺本 英已
- 出版者
- 公益社団法人 日本薬学会
- 雑誌
- YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.136, no.10, pp.1345-1354, 2016 (Released:2016-10-01)
- 参考文献数
- 20
- 被引用文献数
- 1
The umami taste amino acid, glutamate acts as a signaling molecule in multiple cellular systems in the body, including the brain and gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, glutamate may affect appetite by modulating gastrointestinal motility as well as through taste perception. In this study, we examined the effect of glutamate on gastric emptying and duodenal motility, by using rapid magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ten healthy male volunteers participated in the measurements. Abdominal coronal MR images were successively acquired after ingestion of a liquid meal with and without monosodium L-glutamate (MSG). Image analysis was performed with a homemade segment software, in which respiratory motions were cancelled automatically by minimizing an energy function, thereby allowing participants breathe freely during MRI measurements. In two out of 10 participants, gastric emptying slowed down, while in the remaining eight participants, gastric residual volume decreased to 84% without MSG, and to 73% with MSG after 60 min. The inclusion of MSG enhanced duodenal motility, judging from changes in, 1) the magnitude of the duodenal area, 2) the center of gravity, and 3) the mean velocity of the wall motions. The third parameter most significantly indicated the excitatory effect of MSG on duodenum motility (3-7 fold increase). In conclusion, the present observations of rapid MRI indicate that MSG accelerates gastric emptying by facilitating duodenal motility, at least in healthy subjects with positive responses to MSG. This suggests the possible use of MSG as a prokinetic nutrient for improving the quality of life in hospitalized patients after a clinical assessment.
- 著者
- 中山 晋介 内山 剛
- 出版者
- 日本平滑筋学会
- 雑誌
- 日本平滑筋学会雑誌 (ISSN:13428152)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.14, no.1, pp."J-7", 2010-06-11
1 0 0 0 OA 遺伝子改変マウスにおけるマイクロRNAの抗腫瘍作用と心臓・平滑筋での機能の解析
マイクロRNAと呼ばれる小さなRNAはヒトの疾患に関連していることが解ってきているがその詳細は不明である。本研究では腸管に腫瘍を多発する家族性腸管腺腫症モデルマウスにマイクロRNAを過剰発現させることにより腸管腫瘍の発症が抑制されること、またその抑制にはマイクロRNA間の原癌遺伝子を介した相互作用、および一連の癌抑制性マイクロRNAの生合成に必須の分子の抑制が絡んでおり、それらの間には複雑なフィードバック機構が働くことを示した。さらにこれらのマイクロRNAを心臓に発現させると拡張型心筋症様の症状がおこる事実を見出し、その分子機構の一部を明らかにした。