著者

吉成 哲平 三好 恵真子

出版者

国立大学法人 大阪大学グローバルイニシアティブ機構

雑誌

アジア太平洋論叢 (ISSN:13466224)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.1, pp.113-133, 2022 (Released:2022-03-26)

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Shomei Tomatsu is a well-known photographer who captured the social changes of post-war Japan for more than half a century. In particular, since he was shocked at the wounds of atomic bomb victims of Nagasaki in the early 1960s, he had kept on saving the details of the lives and deaths of the survivors over several decades, using “group-photographs (gun-shashin) ”, which was his original photographic method. In his later years, he moved to Nagasaki and developed his perspective based on the long history of the place, roaming the streets day after day. It is through this shooting procedure that he always had a vivid sense of reality. In the previous study, the authors clarified that he gradually observed individuals in their everyday lives, who lived with the memories of the unforgettable atomic bomb by applying a new methodology, which we devised to grasp the photographer’s spiraling thoughts and emotions reflected in his practical actions. By contrast, previous research has emphasized that he photographed the horrors of atomic bombs. Especially, it is significant to note that the hardships of the survivors were identified with the persecution of Christians in the pre-modern period. The trouble is, however, that this perspective trivialized the long and convoluted history of Nagasaki since opening the port in the late 16th century, which he gradually perceived as fascinating living in the town. Therefore, the aim of this study is to describe the layered history of Nagasaki he tried to express in his life by analyzing the “group-photographs ” and other materials. Generally speaking, the historical connections between Nagasaki and other countries were represented by Dejima Dutch Trading Post and Tojin-Yashiki in the Edo period. However, before the Tokugawa shogunate started to dominate the foreign relations, the islands of Japan were melting pots of many ethnic groups coming from beyond the sea. Most importantly, Nagasaki also preserved the strong ties with other Asian countries rather than European ones. Considered in this light, his earlier works, significantly enough, focused on the influence of China as well as the history of suppression of Christians, although it was just expressed by a few photographs of historical artifacts. On the other hand, since the beginning of his new life in Nagasaki, he had captured the individuals who had inherited their ways of lives, including the traditional festivals and the commemorations of their ancestors, both of which traced back to the Edo period. Furthermore, in the late 2000s, just before the end of his life in Okinawa, he casted a gentle eye toward the lives of the street where numerous people from a diverse range of backgrounds had walked down for centuries. It is noteworthy that he realized the historical ties among Nagasaki, Okinawa and Fujian surrounding the East China Sea, based on his own past experience that he journeyed from Okinawa to the Southeast Asia. From this, it follows that the intricate history of Nagasaki was deeply connected with the hardships of Ryukyuan people which he witnessed in Okinawa around the early 1970s.

著者

瀧澤 一騎 田中 孝之 吉成 哲 奈良 博之 柴田 啓介 山中 正紀 鈴木 善人

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.87-92, 2013-05-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

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We examined physical fitness adaptation after six weeks of snow shovelling using different types of shovels. Thirty-three subjects participated in this study and were divided two groups: normal shovel group and less-workload shovel (UD-shovel) group. Grip strength, vertical jump, 10 m obstacle walking, chair rising test, lactate threshold and body mass were measured before and after six weeks of snow shovelling. All measurements showed no significant differences between the groups. The chair rising test and ten meter obstacle walking were significantly at main effects. These values were higher in the after period than in the before period. But there were no significant differences at main effects in grip strength, vertical jump, lactate threshold and body mass. These results suggest that six weeks of snow shovelling may not affect upper body strength and aerobic capacity, but may affect lower body and muscle of trunk strength, power, agility, balance and coordination. These effects were not different if using normal shovels or UD-shovels.

著者

瀧澤 一騎 田中 孝之 吉成 哲 奈良 博之 柴田 啓介 山中 正紀 鈴木 善人

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.87-92, 2013-05-25

著者

但野 茂 橋本 伸也 高橋 裕人 吉成 哲 吉成 智

出版者

北海道大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2000

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車椅子の試作:従来の2輪駆動電動車椅子をベースに構造的、機構的検討のため、四輪駆動電動車椅子を試作した.そして雪路走行実験を行い、四輪駆動の優位性を確認した.また、室内では四輪駆動は不用のため、二輪駆動車椅子で使用できる収納型キャスター輪を考案した.これらの成果を新聞報道した.乗り心地性の客観指標の開発:市販電動車椅子および本開発の四輪駆動電動車椅子を使い、雪路、乾燥路走行時の身体負荷特性を計測した.三軸方向加速度、三軸周りの角速度、座圧分布変化量を用いることで、乗り心地性の客観的評価法が可能であることを確認した.通常路面に比べて、雪道走行では乗り心地性が悪くなった。しかし、本開発した四輪駆動車椅子の乗り心地性は、市販の車椅子に比べて、改善された。シーティング機構の開発:身体機能・状態に合わせた四輪駆動電動車椅子のためのシーティング設計法を考案した.座面角度と背もたれ角度を任意に設定可能な実験シートを作成し、それぞれの角度について走行時の座圧分布を測定した。これらのデータにより、雪道走行に最適な角度があることを示し、シーティング設計と重心位置の移動制御方法を検討した.雪路走行実験:あらゆる条件を想定した実験路面を作成した.そして、走行実験を行った.また、実際の雪路を利用した走行実験を繰返し、乗り心地性を評価した.ジョイスティックの機能デザイン:ジョイスティックの操作制御に学習効果を持たせ、使っているうちに、利用者の感覚と合ってくるものを開発した.試作車の改良と走行実験:試作した車椅子に上記の開発項目を盛り込み、改良を計った.