著者

松井 誠一 冨重 信一 塚原 博

出版者

九州大學農學部

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.229-234, 1986 (Released:2011-12-19)

著者

小川 光彦 塚原 博

出版者

金沢大学文学部考古学研究室

雑誌

金大考古

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, pp.1-6, 2006-04-15

著者

塚原 博

出版者

日本魚類学会

雑誌

魚類学雑誌 (ISSN:00215090)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.3-5, pp.139-143, 1954-06-30 (Released:2011-02-23)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1

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In this paper the writer deals with the breeding habits of the fresh-water suker, Abbottina rivularis (BASILEWSKy), a small cyprinoid fish. The usual habitats of the fish are the slow streams with muddy bottom. The spawning season lasts from beginning of March to early May. In the breeding male numerous horny tubercles appear on the snout, anterior part of the cheek, pre-opercle region and on the outer margin of pectoral fins. Dusky and yellow nuptial coloration also appears on the body.The male fish prepairs a nest on the muddy bottom in the shape of a round, shallow depression, 20-40 cm. in diameter and 3-5 cm. in depth. In this nest about 2, 000-4, 000 eggs are deposited, over which the male parent fish eagerly keeps guard until the hatched larvae attain the end of the post-larval stage, about 10mm. in total length. The egg is spherical in shape and about 1.4mm. in diameter, with a jelly-like coating of about 1mm. in thickness. The surface of the jelly coat is covered with mud.

著者

多部田 修 塚原 博

出版者

九州大学

雑誌

九州大學農學部學藝雜誌 (ISSN:03686264)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.215-225, 1964-12

被引用文献数

2

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The anadromous Ugui-minnows, Tribolodon hakonensis hakonensis (Günther), one of the cyprinid fishes attained about 59 cm in total length, are distributed in the brackish waters and the estuaries along the shore from the Hakata Bay to the Karatsu Bay in the northern Kyushu, and they migrate mainly into Matsuura River to spawn. The authors have ovserved their spawning habits with reference to fishery in the spawning area of Matsuura River. The results obtained are as follows: (1) The spawning season of these fishes extends from February to April at 9-17℃ in water temperature. They ascend to the middle reaches of this river in January to March, ranging 16-25 km from the river mouth, where the artificial spawning beds are prepared for fishing by the fishermen. (2) Prior to spawning season the fishermen build the artificial spawning beds to attract the fish and to capture by the cast net (Plate 16, D, E, F, Fig. 5). It is a mound piled by gravel in the middle reaches to a cone-like form, 1.0-1.5 m in diameter and 0.5-0.7 m in height, with the several stones for control the water current in upper side and for the cast net in lower side (Plate 16, D, Fig. 5, Table 1). (3) The possible effects of some environmental factors upon the spawning of these fishes in this river are of close concern to rise in water level and turbidity (Fig. 3). Consequently the spawnings are usually carried out shortly after the rainfall, and are observed in several times during this season. In earlier spawning season the larger fishes are dominant, and the smaller ones become to abound gradually with the process of the spawning season. The male fishes are exceeding the female throughout the season, especially in the earlier (Fig. 4). (4) Before the spawning, the fishes are splashing at the surface of the deeps near the artificial spawning bed at intervals of 2 or 3 minutes, and it continues for about 30 minutes. Then two or more males followed one female pass harriedly over the bed, and the bed is often hidden by the many passing groups. In a little while, one female attended by three to seven males swims towards the bed. Arriving at the bed, they immediately thrust their head among the gravels and sometimes they spawn in that posture with slow quivering. Soon the female and males raise up their bodies and creep over the bed, and release the eggs and sperms among the gravels, pressing against the vent of female with the males and quivering all over. After this spawning act, females immediately leave from the bed as a rule, but most of males remain and join in the other spawning groups. It is observed that the spawning acts are not limited to two or three groups; as many as five groups at one time, and these spawning above mentioned last for about 30 minutes. (5) The spawning area of Matsuura River is divided into 19 fishing-grounds, which are granted to the fishermen by means of a bid (Imari area) or payment of a fixed price (Ochi area) (Fig. 7, Table 2). In all grounds the beds counted some 20 sets and the total catch in the be seems to have amounted approximately 750 kg in 1959.北九州の博多湾から唐津湾にいたる沿岸の湾奥部や河口水域には海産ウグイが生息し,初春の頃に産卵のため主として松浦川の中流部へ遡上する.ここでは産卵習性を利用した人工産卵床による瀬つけ場漁業が行われている.人工産卵床は中流部の瀬に作られ,特に水深10~70cm,流速30~70cm/secのところが選ばれる.松浦川における産卵期は2~4月(水温11~17℃)で,産卵盛期は年によつてその時期の降雨量に左右されて遅速がみられる.産卵は水温が10℃以上になり,降雨後に増水して濁度が高まると集中的に行われ,下流の産卵床に始まつて順次上流へ移り,主として1番,2番,3番イダの3つの主群があつて,産卵盛期もほぼ3回が認められる.産卵ウグイの体長は産卵初期に大きく,逐次小さくなり,性比については一般に雌に比して雄が極めて多く,初期には約7.5倍で,産卵期の経過とともに雌の割合が増加はするが,末期でも雄が多い.産卵に先だつてほぼ30分前から,産卵床付近の淀みで産卵魚の"とび"の行動がみられ,ついで雌1尾を2~3尾の雄が追尾する多数の群が床の上をつつきり,この行動は5分間ぐらい行われる.この産卵前の行動に続いて,雌1尾を雄3~7尾が追尾して産卵床に現われ,雌雄ともに礫中に頭をつつこんでただちに放卵放精するものもあるが,その多くは次第に腹部を床に接して雌雄が体を押し合いながら放卵放精を行い,この行動は5~10秒間である.産卵後の雌は一般に床を去るが,雄の多くはそのまま床に残つて他の産卵中の群に加わり,このような産卵行動は約30分間継続するのが観察された.人工産卵床は径5cmぐらいの丸石を用いて,直径1.0~1.5m,高さ0.5~0.7mの円錐状に築き,その上流側には水流を調節するために数個の石がおかれ,やや下流には投網を打つための台石がおかれる.この産卵床は産卵時の産卵行動と水流とによつて下流側へくずれ,ほぼ楕円形になる場合が多い.ウグイは一般に産卵後の床には再び産卵しない傾向があるため,産卵後は新しい石を追加する.松浦川の人工産卵床の漁場区域には2つの漁業協同組合があり,上流側の組合では16の漁場にわけ,それらは毎年入札によつて利用者が決められているが,下流側の組合では3つの漁場が一定価格で利用されている.これらの漁場のうちで,長い瀬をもつものでは2つの人工産卵床が作られるが,その多くは1つの床が築かれる.漁獲には主として投網が用いられ,人工産卵床における1959年の年間の漁獲尾数は約2,000尾,750kg,遊漁者の釣による漁獲尾数が約1,000尾,380kgで,松浦川の年間漁獲量は約1.1ton程度と推定される.

著者

塚原 博 塩川 司

出版者

東京動物學會

雑誌

動物学雑誌

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.3, 1956

著者

松井 誠一 福元 勝志 塚原 博

出版者

九州大學農學部

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.3/4, pp.105-110, 1987 (Released:2011-12-19)

著者

松井 誠一 福元 勝志 塚原 博

出版者

九州大學農學部

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.3/4, pp.97-104, 1987 (Released:2011-12-19)

著者

道津 喜衛 塚原 博

出版者

公益社団法人 日本水産学会

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.4, pp.335-342, 1964-04-25 (Released:2008-02-29)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

6 8

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Mogurnda obscura are the large eleotrid goby, about 15cm in length (Fig. 1: A, B). They are distributed in the western Japan, and are dwelling in rivers, brooks, lakes and swamps, and solitary in life (Fig. 2: A). Especially the river dwellers are found on sandy mud bottom of stagnant waters in middle and lower course of river. They are rather nocturnal and feeding on small fishes and crustaceans, especially small shrimps. They are active in warm seasons, especially in spawning season extending from April to June, and they have a tendency to become hibernant in winter. The male fish are larger than the female, and they are polygamy. The sex dimorphism evidently appears in the form of genital papilla. No nuptial coloration appears in both sexes. The number of the ripe ovarian eggs, 1.5 to 1.9mm in diameter, were counted 934 to 3, 559 in 5 specimens ranging 95 to 162mm in total length (Table 1). The nest preferences were widely given to many kind of substances, e. g., stone, wood, bamboo, grass root, etc. in various forms. The egg masses were found mainly on underside of the nest shelters, and they were guarded by the male parent until the egg hatched out (Figs. 2, 3). A pair of the ripe fish, reared in an aquarium, spawned an egg mass on the inner wall of the earthernware pipe given as a nest. The egg is ellipsoid in shape, 5mm in long axis and 2mm in short axis. It is demersal adhesive one with a large yolk (Figs. 2, B: 3). The embryo hatched out after it developing to juvenile form (Fig. 4: A, B). The incubation period was about 30 days at 16 to 19°C. The newly hatched larvae were 7.5mm in total length with separate ventral fins, and after the hatching they entered instantly into a bottom life (Fig. 4). The larvae as well as the ones of the relatives, M. (M.) adspersus and M. mogurnda, and shout, and grew in an aquarium (Fig. 1, C). It is expected that the spawning is induced smoothly by the setting of artifical nest on the bottom of the habitat, because the nest is wanting under the natural condition. The authors adopted earthernware pipes and pieces of bamboo, about 30cm in length and 7cm in diameter, for the artificial nest, and attained a desired effect.

著者

塚原 博

出版者

九州大学

雑誌

九州大學農學部學藝雜誌 (ISSN:03686264)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.3, pp.225-238, 1952-03

被引用文献数

9

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In this paper the writer deals with the life history and habits of the sculpin, Trachidermus fasciatus Heckel, vernacular name: "Yama-no-kami"(MountainWitch).Most of the data were obtained in the Rivers Chikugo and Yabe as well as in Ariake Sound, Kyushu. The distribution of this fish in Japan is very restricted, namely to Chikugo River and several adjoining streams which empty into the innermost part of Ariake Sound. It occurs in West Corea and North China. (1) It inhabits usually the upper and middle part of the stream and is often found under rocks or stones which provide shelter. It prefers crustaceans throughout the life. (2) In the winter, when the spawning season approaches, the nuptial coloration appears in the adult fish, both in male and female, the gill-membranes and the base of the anal fin becoming brightly scarlet. The spawning migration takes place from November to December, when it runs down the stream at night. The spawning season is from January to March, and the spawning takes place on the sandy tidal flat of the innermost part of Ariake Sound. The masses of the eggs are laid in the empty shell of a large bivalve, Atrina japonica(Reeve), and are guarded by a male parent during the incubation period. The majority of the spawning fish are those of two years, a few spawning at the end of one year. Most parent fish seem to die after spawning. (3) The egg is orange-red in color, demersal and adherent, 2.0~2.2mm in diameter. The number of eggs in a mass ranged from 5,110 to 6,120. The number of the eggs carried a by an adult female varied from about 5,000 to 11,000. The larva carries pelagic life in the estuary for several months and later ascends the stream in a shoal. The young fish sets in a solitary bottom life. In one month it attains about 20mm in total length; in thre months 40~60mm; in full one year100~120mm; in full two years about 160mm long. It attains a length of about 170mm, and the male is a little larger than the female. (4) It is said by the fishermen of this destrict that the descending migration of this fish denotes the end of the freshwater fishery in the year. Its flesh is firm and sweet, though it is not so highly valued as food fish in Japan as in China.ヤマノカミ Trachidermus fasciaius Heckel はカジカ科 Cottidae の淡水魚で,日本においでは福岡・佐賀両県の有明海湾興部にそそぐ河川にのみ棲息し,その局限された分布が動物地理学上興味をもたれている. しかしわが国における本種の生態及び生活史については,木下盛枝氏(1931,1941)の断片的報告があるにすぎない. また本種は,すでに知られている通り, 中国の有名な"松江の鱸魚"で一名"四鰓鱸"とも言われ,古来その味を賞美するとともに,詩などにも表われているが, その生態・生活史については,中国においでもいまだ明らかにされているところは少ない.日本産の他のカジカ科の魚についても,淡水産のカジカ Cottus pollux 及びカマキリ Cottus kazikaについての二三の報告があるにすぎない.筆者は最近5,6年間,筑後川,矢部川及び有明海の魚類の生態的研究を行っているが,その間に蓄積された資料と,木下盛枝氏より提供された標本とによつて,本種の生態・生活史の概要を報告する.カジカ科の魚で,形態及び生態がよく似たものにカマキリ Cottus kazika (各地の方言:アユカケ, アイキリ, アイカギ, アラレガコ, タキタロウ)があつて,本種と混同されることが?々あるが,カマキリは日本における分布が広く,南日本の河川に棲息するが,日本海側はかなり北方まで分布し,ヤマノカミよりも大形になる.この研究にあたり,終始御指導を賜わり本稿の御校閲をいただいた内田恵太郎教授に厚くお礼申しあげるとともに,貴重な標本をいただき且つ採集の援助を賜わつた福岡県柳川町在住の木下盛枝氏に深謝する.叉標本の整理・測定をしていただいた教室員:柴田チヅ子嬢,高木多恵子壊,描画の助力をしていただいた坂本秀子嬢,採集に協力下さつた漁業者:高椋校伊左男,垣三郎,宮崎雅広,-江崎藤蔵の諸氏に感謝の意を表する.なおこの報告の測定値はすべて固定標本によつた.卵及び稚仔は10%ホルマリン固定後, 70%アルコール中に保存したもの,成魚は10%ホルマリンに固定保存したものを用いた.

著者

道津 喜衛 塚原 博

出版者

The Japanese Society of Fisheries Science

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.4, pp.335-342, 1964

被引用文献数

8

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<i>Mogurnda obscura</i> are the large eleotrid goby, about 15cm in length (Fig. 1: A, B). They are distributed in the western Japan, and are dwelling in rivers, brooks, lakes and swamps, and solitary in life (Fig. 2: A). Especially the river dwellers are found on sandy mud bottom of stagnant waters in middle and lower course of river. They are rather nocturnal and feeding on small fishes and crustaceans, especially small shrimps. They are active in warm seasons, especially in spawning season extending from April to June, and they have a tendency to become hibernant in winter.<br> The male fish are larger than the female, and they are polygamy. The sex dimorphism evidently appears in the form of genital papilla. No nuptial coloration appears in both sexes. The number of the ripe ovarian eggs, 1.5 to 1.9mm in diameter, were counted 934 to 3, 559 in 5 specimens ranging 95 to 162mm in total length (Table 1). The nest preferences were widely given to many kind of substances, e. g., stone, wood, bamboo, grass root, etc. in various forms. The egg masses were found mainly on underside of the nest shelters, and they were guarded by the male parent until the egg hatched out (Figs. 2, 3). A pair of the ripe fish, reared in an aquarium, spawned an egg mass on the inner wall of the earthernware pipe given as a nest. The egg is ellipsoid in shape, 5mm in long axis and 2mm in short axis. It is demersal adhesive one with a large yolk (Figs. 2, B: 3). The embryo hatched out after it developing to juvenile form (Fig. 4: A, B). The incubation period was about 30 days at 16 to 19°C.<br> The newly hatched larvae were 7.5mm in total length with separate ventral fins, and after the hatching they entered instantly into a bottom life (Fig. 4). The larvae as well as the ones of the relatives, <i>M. (M.) adspersus</i> and <i>M. mogurnda</i>, and shout, and grew in an aquarium (Fig. 1, C).<br> It is expected that the spawning is induced smoothly by the setting of artifical nest on the bottom of the habitat, because the nest is wanting under the natural condition. The authors adopted earthernware pipes and pieces of bamboo, about 30cm in length and 7cm in diameter, for the artificial nest, and attained a desired effect.