著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

一般社団法人日本物理学会

雑誌

日本物理學會誌 (ISSN:00290181)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, 2009-01-05

著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

一般社団法人日本物理学会

雑誌

大学の物理教育 (ISSN:1340993X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.3, pp.130-136, 2006-11-15

著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

一般社団法人 日本物理学会

雑誌

大学の物理教育 (ISSN:1340993X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.9-13, 2005-03-15 (Released:2018-07-14)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1

著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

日本科学史学会

雑誌

科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.265, pp.5-9, 2013 (Released:2021-07-14)

著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

日本科学史学会

雑誌

科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.255, pp.143-151, 2010 (Released:2021-08-02)

---

To exemplify that the level of Japanese physics during late-Meiji and Taisho era was higher than hitherto considered, the status in the history of early quantum theory of Jun Ishiwara's two papers published just before and after his studying in Europe is explored. The first one is his 1911-1912 paper, "Contributions to the Theory of Light-Quantum. " In Part II of this, he derived Planck's radiation formula, presuming not only individual light-quanta, but also their complex named "light-molecules. " His approach entailed already the essence of Bose statistics, with light molecules playing the role of Bose's phase-space cells presented in 1924. De Broglie utilized in 1922 the same term "light-molecule " and the same series expansion of Planck's radiation formula as Ishiwara used in 1911, which subsequently led de Broglie to introduce the concept of "phase-wave. " In Part IV of Ishiwara's 1911-12 paper, in order to explain the wave-like behavior of radiation, he associated to light-quanta minute electric and magnetic vectors, which played almost the same role as de Broglie's phase-waves. The second one is his 1915 paper, "The Universal Significance of the Quantum of Action, " where Ishiwara presented, for the first time, the generalized quantum condition explaining at once Planck's radiation formula and Bohr's theory of atomic constitution. In the same year, Wilson and Sommerfeld presented their own generalized quantum conditions, which Einstein criticized as not independent of the choice of coordinates. In contrast, Ishiwara's quantum condition, if unnecessary factor 1/f is omitted, reproduced essentially the same results as Einstein's quantum condition presented in 1917.

著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

日本科学史学会

雑誌

科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.245, pp.26-31, 2008 (Released:2021-08-05)

著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

日本科学史学会

雑誌

科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.244, pp.231-240, 2007 (Released:2021-08-09)

---

The role of interchange between physicists and philosophers in advancing Japanese physics of the late-Meiji and Taisho era is explored. Their cooperation brought forth their common objective and motivation of activities: "modernization of Japan in its true meaning of the words. " Topics treated are the brotherhood relationship between physicist Ayao Kuwaki and philosopher Gennyoku Kuwaki, the controversy between Ayao Kuwaki and philosopher Hajime Tanabe, the colleague relationship between physicist Jun Ishiwara and Tanabe, and influence of these people upon philosopher Kitaro Nishida, who proposed inviting Einstein to Japan and asked him famous Kyoto address "How I Created the Theory of Relativity. " Also, are pointed out, the role played by the above philosophers in bringing forth the Taisho-democracy movement, which made Einstein's visit possible, and the relationship between the theory of relativity and the ideology of democracy.

著者

菅原 国香 石田 純郎 佐藤 賢一 中村 邦光 瀬戸口 明久 安孫子 誠也

出版者

日本科学史学会

雑誌

科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.239, pp.173-188, 2006 (Released:2021-08-11)

著者

安孫子 誠也 山田 俊弘 北條 剛 矢島 道子

出版者

日本科学史学会

雑誌

科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.237, pp.57-69, 2006 (Released:2021-08-11)

著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

日本科学史学会

雑誌

科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.231, pp.129-137, 2004 (Released:2021-08-12)

著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

日本科学史学会

雑誌

科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.221, pp.42-43, 2002 (Released:2021-08-16)

著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

日本科学史学会

雑誌

科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.220, pp.236-240, 2001 (Released:2021-08-16)

著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

日本科学史学会

雑誌

科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.216, pp.211-216, 2000 (Released:2021-08-23)

---

There are two versions of the Japanese text of Einstein's "Kyoto Address." One is the original text by Jun Ishiwara, the physicist-colleague and translator of Einstein's, and the other is its revised version by one of Ishiwara's sons. It is pointed out that the existing English versions of the "Kyoto Address" are made by the translation from the revised version, which is somewhat different from the original. The other point made is related with the argument by Ryoichi Itagaki that the description in Kyoto Address on Einstein's knowledge of Michelson's experiment should be regarded as written in the subjunctive mood and does not correspond to the reality. But, this interpretation is against Ishiwara's own text and also to Einstein's own love letter to Maric in 1899.

著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

日本科学史学会

雑誌

科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.187, pp.162-165, 1993 (Released:2021-03-23)

著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

日本科学史学会

雑誌

科学史研究 (ISSN:21887535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.168, pp.193-206, 1988 (Released:2021-09-01)

---

While the formation of special relativity is usually described as an event in the particle-dynamical tradition, the present study asserts that it really derived from the chemico-thermal origin, in which A.Einstein participated at the start of his scientific career. Firstly, the student-life of A. Einstein is briefly sketched, discussing how he was studying writings of Helmholtz, Kirchhoff, Hertz and Boltzmann, independently of his university's course, and was considering about the light-velocity within the transparent moving materials. Nextly, commentary is made of Einstein's each paper up to 1905, in which is made clear how he was studying dissociation, diffusion and fluctuation, both thermodynamically and statistical-thermodynamically, paying much attention to the connection between macroscopic- and microscopic-aspects of matter. Thirdly, the motivation of his writing of "On the electrodynamics of moving bodies" is presented. It is pointed out that, in his Ph. D dissertation written early in 1905, he estimated viscosity-coefficient of liquid solution, by way of solving the hydrodynamical equation in the coordinate system of the soluteparticle at rest. Then, led by the analogical considerations, in order to estimate radiational friction coefficient of a body moving within the black-body radiation, he needed at that time the electromagnetic equation in the coordinate system of the gas-particle or the suspended small mirror at rest. It is also pointed out that the principle of relativity might have been suggested by the analogy with the Galileian invarince of the hydrodynamical equation, as well as by the energetic considerations on the relative motion of a conductor and a magnet. And, the constancy of light velocity might be the result of that principle applied to the Maxwelfs equation, and might be the extention to include the case of light quantum which does not obey the Maxwell's equation Lastly, a comment is made about the most important contributions of chemico-thermal origin to Einstein's formation of the special relativity They are :the reinterpretation of length and time as observable physical quantities, and the reconception of time, from absolutely defined mechanical time independent of the coordinate systems, to thermodynamical time. The latter is based on the signal-velocity of light in vacuum, i.e.the speed of dissipation into vacuum of the free energy preserved in the lightsource, and on the motion of needles in the windup-spring watches, which is also a process of dissipation of the free energy stored in the wound springs.

著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

日本科学史学会

雑誌

科学史研究. 第II期 (ISSN:00227692)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.187, pp.162-165, 1993-09-28

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1

著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

一般社団法人 日本物理学会

雑誌

日本物理学会講演概要集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, 2009

著者

安孫子 誠也

出版者

一般社団法人日本物理学会

雑誌

日本物理學會誌 (ISSN:00290181)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.2, pp.121-122, 2002-02-05

参考文献数

6