著者

山田 勅之

出版者

公益財団法人 史学会

雑誌

史学雑誌 (ISSN:00182478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.118, no.7, pp.1330-1356, 2009

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During the Ming Period from the Tianshun era (天順) on, the native official surnamed Mu occupied and ruled Tibetan regions, even Yongning in Yunnan and Yanjing in Sichuan which were regarded as native governance by the Ming Dynasty. Many documents record that the native official surnamed Mu acted as "buffer" for the Ming. Almost all earlier studies have pointed that this native official was under the control of the Ming Dynasty on the basis of such documents. This article intends to clarify the military activities of the native official surnamed Mu and how it governed the regions in question after its occupation of them, examine the perceptions and responses to that situation on the part of the Ming Dynasty and the region's Tibetan population, and consider the significance of such foreign expansion. First, concerning the Tibetan response to military activities within their region, the native official surnamed Mu was perceived not only as military rulers, but also guardians of the Karma pa sect of Tibetan Buddhism. Next, concerning military movements in Yongning and Yanjing, after a settlement was reached in 1535, the 14th year of the jiajing era (嘉靖) over territorial disputes among Lijiang, Yongning and Yanjing, the native official surnamed Mu refused to abide by the settlement and proceeded to occupy almost all of Yongning and Yanjing. Meanwhile, the conflict between the Ming Dynasty and the Tibetan regions continued unabated, a situation under which the native official surnamed Mu's invasion can be viewed as matching Tibetan anti-Ming activities, which probably explains the silence concerning his occupation of Yongning and Yanjing. In other words, a reciprocal relationship was established between the native official surnamed Mu and the Chinese world, a relationship that would continue for generations. It was in this way that he achieved political autonomy and displayed its ability to maintain social order throughout the Ming Period.

著者

山田 勅之

出版者

静岡大学人文社会科学部アジア研究センター

雑誌

アジア研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.43-59, 2018-03

著者

山田 勅之

出版者

内陸アジア史学会

雑誌

内陸アジア史研究 (ISSN:09118993)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, pp.179-187, 2010-03-31 (Released:2017-10-10)

著者

山田 勅之

出版者

内陸アジア史学会

雑誌

内陸アジア史研究 (ISSN:09118993)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, pp.123-131, 2009-03-31 (Released:2017-10-10)

著者

山田 勅之

出版者

静岡大学人文社会科学部アジア研究センター

雑誌

アジア研究 = Asian studies

巻号頁・発行日

no.13, pp.43-59, 2018-03

著者

山田 勅之

出版者

一般社団法人中国研究所

雑誌

中国研究月報 (ISSN:09104348)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.10, pp.1-13, 2007-10-25

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明代の麗江ナシ族・木氏土司は隣接のチベット人居住地域や永寧府を侵奪していたにもかかわらず,明朝から忠臣と記録され,従来の研究もそういった記録を根拠に,明朝と木氏土司の関係を支配・被支配の関係と規定している。しかし,明朝はチベットとの争いが絶えず,そこから木氏土司と明朝はチベット勢力征討という点で利害の一致を見ていた。さらに,木氏土司による朝貢や占領したチベットからの税の納入,資金供与は単なる土司の義務としては過剰な行為であり,永寧府の侵奪を含む自己の勢力拡張を明朝から黙認させる自主の動きであったと捉えるべきである。そして,両者は時代が進むにつれて,相互依存の関係が成立していったといえる。