著者
折笠 成宏 村上 正隆 斎藤 篤思
出版者
日本エアロゾル学会
雑誌
エアロゾル研究 (ISSN:09122834)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.30, no.1, pp.24-31, 2015-03-20 (Released:2015-04-16)
参考文献数
9
被引用文献数
1

As one of the physical evaluation techniques of seeding effects, cloud seeding experiments were conducted utilizing an instrumented aircraft, with the use of dry-ice pellets in cold clouds and hygroscopic flares and salt micro-powders in warm clouds as a seeding agent. We demonstrated from the in-situ measurements that dry-ice pellet seeding of mixed-phase orographic clouds were effective, based on the comparison of estimated radar reflectivity factor, ice water content, or precipitation intensity from the 2D images of ice particles between seeded portions and their surroundings. The observational results we obtained so far showed that hygroscopic seeding of warm clouds might be effective under limited conditions.
著者
山下 克也 村上 正隆 田尻 拓也 斎藤 篤思
出版者
日本エアロゾル学会
雑誌
エアロゾル研究 (ISSN:09122834)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, no.3, pp.174-182, 2014-09-20 (Released:2014-10-04)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
1

Aerosol particles acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) determine initial cloud droplet concentrations and subsequent evolutions of microphysical structures of clouds and precipitation, and affect a short-range precipitation forecast and climate change projection. The Global Atmosphere Watch Scientific Advisory Group recommends the CCN monitoring as a part of determination of the spatio-temporal distribution of aerosol properties related to climate forcing and air quality on multi decadal time scales and on regional, hemispheric and global spatial scales. We have been monitoring CCN concentrations along with aerosol concentrations, aerosol size distributions, and ice nuclei (IN) concentrations on the campus of Meteorological Research Institute in Tsukuba city (36.06°N,140.13°E), Ibaraki, Japan since March 2012. In this report, the maintenance information for long-term measurements with continuous-flow stream-wise thermal gradient chamber type CCN counter, especially calibration methods of supersaturations in the CCN counter and their error factors, are described. Also, the results of the long-term monitoring of CCN concentrations and the research activity on cloud droplet formation processes at MRI are briefly introduced.
著者
村上 正隆 折笠 成宏 斎藤 篤思 田尻 拓也 橋本 明弘 財前 裕二 牧 輝弥 荒木 健太郎 松木 篤 久芳 奈遠美
出版者
気象庁気象研究所
雑誌
基盤研究(A)
巻号頁・発行日
2011-04-01

つくばサイトに於いて、各種エアロゾル測定・採取装置、雲核計、氷晶核計を用いて通年観測を継続実施した。エアロゾルの物理化学生物特性および雲核・氷晶核活性化スペクトルの季節変化について明らかにした。大気エアロゾルの主要構成要素である、黄砂粒子・バイオエアロゾル・種々の人為起源エアロゾル(標準粒子)を対象とした雲生成チェンバー実験や雲核計・氷晶核計を用いた測定結果と詳細雲微物理モデルの結果に基づき、その雲核能・氷晶核能を種々の気象条件下で調べ定式化した。その結果を用いて非静力学モデルなどに用いるエアロゾル(雲核・氷晶核)・雲・降水を統一的に取扱う新機軸のパラメタリゼーションを開発した。