著者

富山 貴子 桂木 奈巳 酒井 哲也 酒井 豊子

出版者

社団法人日本家政学会

雑誌

日本家政学会誌 (ISSN:09135227)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.9, pp.749-755, 2003-09-15

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Various kinds of periodical phenomena are observed in the natural world and in the social systems. Even in apparel fashion trends, people feel some periodical changes exist. This paper presented a trial to qualitatively characterize such a periodicity which appeared in apparel fashion trends. For this purpose, numerical data for the length of ladies jackets and skirts proposed in a popular fashion magazine published in Japan from 1960 to 1998 were used. Data were treated with some mathematical techniques including Fourier transformation analysis, self-correlation analysis and common statistical methods. Results obtained are as follows; 1) Comparing the distribution of length for clothes proposed in a given year with the length of the clothing selected by a person as being representative of the year, it was clarified that the length of the representative clothing selected by the person coincided with the mode value for the distribution. 2) Three major changes in the length of jackets and skirts were found over the years, the first change after a periodic time of 10 years, the second after 20 years and the third after 40 years. The change which occurred after 10 years periodicity was the most profound one. 3)The 10-year periodicity may be correlated with the period of use of apparel, while 20-year periodicity may be connected to the length of time which takes for women to develop a mature fashion sense. The 40-year periodicity remains unclear, but it covers two generations and, therefore, is long enough for the revival of an old fashion as a new fashion.

著者

酒井 哲 内野 修 森野 勇 永井 智広 赤穂 大河 川崎 健 奥村 浩 新井 康平 内山 明博 山崎 明宏 松永 恒雄 横田 達也

出版者

社団法人 日本リモートセンシング学会

雑誌

日本リモートセンシング学会誌 (ISSN:02897911)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.197-204, 2014-07-04 (Released:2015-01-27)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2

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Volcanic ash particles originating from the eruptions of Mt. Sakurajima (31.59°N, 130.66°E) were observed with Mie lidar at an altitude of 1.6-2.3 km over Saga (33.24°N, 130.29°E) on 21 and 22 August, 2013. The lidar data showed a high depolarization ratio (10-15 %) and a moderately low backscatter wavelength exponent (0.6-0.7), indicating the presence of supermicrometer-sized nonspherical particles. The aerosol optical thicknesses at 500 nm derived from the skyradiometer were 0.12 on 21 August (13 : 50 LT) and 0.40 on 22 August (12 : 50 LT). The Ångström exponent was 0.16-0.49 and the single scattering albedo was 0.73-0.91, indicating the predominance of supermicrometer-sized and moderately absorbing particles.

著者

酒井 哲哉

出版者

JAPAN ASSOCIATION OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2014, no.175, pp.175_70-175_83, 2014

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For most Japanese IR scholars, Nagai Yônosuke is known as the most representative realist in Post-War Japan. Given the hegemony of idealism in the discursive space in 1950's Japan, it is not an exaggeration to say that his appearance as a conservative realist in 1960's was a historical event. In the studies concerned with political science in Post-War Japan, however, Nagai is usually depicted as a pioneer in behaviorism inspired by contemporary American political science. This article intends to synthesize these two aspects which were hitherto separately discussed, and by doing so resituate his works in the intellectual history of Post-War Japan.<br>Chapter I examines Nagai's works before his debut as an international political scientist. Influenced by his brother, Nagai in his teens was concerned with the philosophical trend of logical positivism. During the Pacific War, however, fascinated by German romanticism, he went further to accept anti-Semitic theory on conspiracy. Given this experience, after the war, he began to be engaged in research on political consciousness with the theoretical framework of sociological psychology and had soon established himself as a promising political scientist. Nagai's behaviorism owed heavily to Maruyama Masao's work, <i>The World of Politics</i>, published in 1952. Based on Lasswell's works, Maruyama had there presented his behavioristic model of political power and suggested the importance of the activities of voluntary associations as a remedy for political apathy in mass society. In 1950's, Nagai as well as Maruyama regarded his behaviorism as a progressive venture to establish democracy in Post-War Japan. However, Nagai was not a blind advocate of behaviorism. Reviewing Weldon's work, <i>the Vocabulary of Politics</i>, which was founded in logical positivism, he criticized the scientific assumption of American behaviorism and its inclination to social engineering. Nagai did not even conceal himself from his sympathy with Hans J. Morgenthau's criticism to social engineering. Thus Nagai's ambivalent attitude toward American political science was a prologue to his subsequent conversion to conservative realism in 1960's.<br>Chapter II investigates Nagai's works on international politics in 1960's focusing on the relationship between his concern in 1950's. and 1960's His first article on international politics, "American concept of war and the challenge of Mao Zedong" founded its theoretical framework on his behavioristic political science including key concepts such as "situation", "institution" and "organization". His criticism to American concept of war was apparently based on his antipathy to social engineering which had already appeared in late 1950's. Nagai was misunderstood by his contemporaries as an epigone of American scientific strategic studies. Discussing Nagai's ambivalence toward scientific approach, this chapter explains the reason why such misunderstandings had occurred<br>Chapter III depicts how Nagai viewed the political turmoil in 1968. As an expert in the study of mass society, Nagai was sensitive to the impact of rapid economic development commencing in early 1960's upon contemporary Japanese politics. Nevertheless, he did not advocate the end of ideology. He rather appreciated the importance of utopian ideas in the post-industrial society. In his article "Why dose socialism exist in America?", Nagai criticized the stagnant institutionalized American liberalism and appreciated utopian idealists including Riesman and Fromm. Therefore, while adopting conservative realist critique in discussing American foreign policies, Nagai took sides with "utopian socialists" in reviewing American domestic politics. His dual strategy took its root in his consistent criticism to the institutionalized American liberalism.

著者

酒井 哲哉

出版者

日本国際問題研究所

雑誌

国際問題 (ISSN:04523377)

巻号頁・発行日

no.372, pp.p32-45, 1991-03

著者

井上 紳 牧野 睦月 太田 秀一 酒井 哲郎 斉藤 司 小林 洋一 小川 玄洋 松山 高明

出版者

一般社団法人 日本不整脈心電学会

雑誌

心電図 (ISSN:02851660)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.3, pp.268-274, 2010 (Released:2011-02-03)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1

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心房細動の発生機序は,期外収縮の連発が心房受攻性を刺激することで誘発された機能的リエントリーであると考えられている.先行する期外収縮連発の機序としては肺静脈壁左房筋袖細胞からの撃発活動が有力視されており,一方の機能的リエントリーの基質としては左房後壁周囲の心筋構造の不均一性が想定されている.そのため,それぞれが高周波通電治療の対象になっている.肺静脈壁左房筋袖は4本の肺静脈で囲まれた左房後壁を構成する心房筋と発生学的に同一とされているものの,近年の遺伝子学的検討から本来の心筋組織とは異なる肺原基の中胚葉起源説が提唱され,潜在的自動能の保持や短い不応期など,心房のほかの部分とは電気生理学的性質が異なることが示唆されている.長い肺静脈筋袖は心筋配列が複雑だが,顕微鏡的観察では肺静脈末梢側で徐々に心房筋袖細胞が小型化し,その先端では洞結節細胞に類似したものがみられる.機能的リエントリーの基質が存在する左房後壁周囲に関しては,心内膜面の肉眼的観察では櫛状筋が目立つ右房と異なり全体が白く平滑で,僧帽弁前庭部と後壁や天蓋部との境界が不明瞭である.それに対し,心外膜面の肉眼的観察では肺静脈開口部周囲を冠静脈洞筋束やMarshall筋束,Bachmann束,一次および二次中隔が取り巻き,きわめて複雑な構造を示すことがわかる.特に冠静脈洞筋束は冠静脈洞内径の2~3倍の広さで分布しており,機能的リエントリーの発生に関与すると思われる.加齢とともに間質線維化や脂肪浸潤により組織不均一性は亢進するが,左房周囲の心房筋線維化には心房の発育・分化に伴うapoptosisも関与していることが予想される.現在の非薬理学的不整脈治療は,肺静脈心房筋袖や左房周囲の大循環系静脈筋袖の付着部をアブレーション・隔離することが主流であり,組織多様性の軽減がその本質と考えられる.

著者

山口 二郎 酒井 哲哉 村上 信一郎 新川 敏光 中北 浩爾 米原 謙 石川 真澄

出版者

北海道大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

1999

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1990年代後半には、英、独、仏の三カ国で社会民主主義政党の再生が起こり、イタリアでは政党再編成の中で中道左派連合が政権を獲得した。日本でも同じように政治改革を契機とする政党再編成の動きがあったにもかかわらず、社会民主主義政党の衰弱、事実上の退場という対照的な現象が起こった。その原因は次の諸点に求められる。第1に、日本社会党が1950年代後半に政権政党としての政策構想を放棄して以来、野党化の論理の中に埋没した。護憲平和主義が野党としての存在を正当化する最大の根拠となった。第2に、自民党政権時代に整備された地方重視の公共投資や弱小産業保護のための規制政策が、社会的平準化とセーフティネットの役割を代替し、本来の社会民主主義の出番がなくなった。この点はイタリアとよく似た状況であったが、イタリアの場合左翼政党の連合がEU加盟という国家目標に沿って自由主義的な改革を取り入れ、政権担当能力を示したのに対して、日本の場合社会党が規制緩和や官僚制改革について政策を示せなかったことで、90年代の政治において周辺的な地位に追いやられた。第3に、労働組合という旧来の支持基盤の衰弱、市民の台頭という有権者意識の変化に対応できなかった。これらの要因によって1990年代の日本で社会民主主義政党が衰滅していったが、新自由主義的な構造改革によって旧来の擬似セーフティネットが壊されたのちには、再び新たな社会民主主義的政策を軸にした政治勢力の結集が可能となる可能性もある。

著者

酒井 哲哉

出版者

一般財団法人 日本国際政治学会

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2014, no.175, pp.175_70-175_83, 2014-03-30 (Released:2015-09-05)

参考文献数

40

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For most Japanese IR scholars, Nagai Yônosuke is known as the most representative realist in Post-War Japan. Given the hegemony of idealism in the discursive space in 1950’s Japan, it is not an exaggeration to say that his appearance as a conservative realist in 1960’s was a historical event. In the studies concerned with political science in Post-War Japan, however, Nagai is usually depicted as a pioneer in behaviorism inspired by contemporary American political science. This article intends to synthesize these two aspects which were hitherto separately discussed, and by doing so resituate his works in the intellectual history of Post-War Japan. Chapter I examines Nagai’s works before his debut as an international political scientist. Influenced by his brother, Nagai in his teens was concerned with the philosophical trend of logical positivism. During the Pacific War, however, fascinated by German romanticism, he went further to accept anti-Semitic theory on conspiracy. Given this experience, after the war, he began to be engaged in research on political consciousness with the theoretical framework of sociological psychology and had soon established himself as a promising political scientist. Nagai’s behaviorism owed heavily to Maruyama Masao’s work, The World of Politics, published in 1952. Based on Lasswell’s works, Maruyama had there presented his behavioristic model of political power and suggested the importance of the activities of voluntary associations as a remedy for political apathy in mass society. In 1950’s, Nagai as well as Maruyama regarded his behaviorism as a progressive venture to establish democracy in Post-War Japan. However, Nagai was not a blind advocate of behaviorism. Reviewing Weldon’s work, the Vocabulary of Politics, which was founded in logical positivism, he criticized the scientific assumption of American behaviorism and its inclination to social engineering. Nagai did not even conceal himself from his sympathy with Hans J. Morgenthau’s criticism to social engineering. Thus Nagai’s ambivalent attitude toward American political science was a prologue to his subsequent conversion to conservative realism in 1960’s. Chapter II investigates Nagai’s works on international politics in 1960’s focusing on the relationship between his concern in 1950’s. and 1960’s His first article on international politics, “American concept of war and the challenge of Mao Zedong” founded its theoretical framework on his behavioristic political science including key concepts such as “situation”, “institution” and “organization”. His criticism to American concept of war was apparently based on his antipathy to social engineering which had already appeared in late 1950’s. Nagai was misunderstood by his contemporaries as an epigone of American scientific strategic studies. Discussing Nagai’s ambivalence toward scientific approach, this chapter explains the reason why such misunderstandings had occurred Chapter III depicts how Nagai viewed the political turmoil in 1968. As an expert in the study of mass society, Nagai was sensitive to the impact of rapid economic development commencing in early 1960’s upon contemporary Japanese politics. Nevertheless, he did not advocate the end of ideology. He rather appreciated the importance of utopian ideas in the post-industrial society. In his article “Why dose socialism exist in America?”, Nagai criticized the stagnant institutionalized American liberalism and appreciated utopian idealists including Riesman and Fromm. Therefore, while adopting conservative realist critique in discussing American foreign policies, Nagai took sides with “utopian socialists” in reviewing American domestic politics. His dual strategy took its root in his consistent criticism to the institutionalized American liberalism.

著者

酒井 哲哉

出版者

JAPAN ASSOCIATION OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2014, no.175, pp.175_70-175_83, 2014

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For most Japanese IR scholars, Nagai Yônosuke is known as the most representative realist in Post-War Japan. Given the hegemony of idealism in the discursive space in 1950's Japan, it is not an exaggeration to say that his appearance as a conservative realist in 1960's was a historical event. In the studies concerned with political science in Post-War Japan, however, Nagai is usually depicted as a pioneer in behaviorism inspired by contemporary American political science. This article intends to synthesize these two aspects which were hitherto separately discussed, and by doing so resituate his works in the intellectual history of Post-War Japan.<br>Chapter I examines Nagai's works before his debut as an international political scientist. Influenced by his brother, Nagai in his teens was concerned with the philosophical trend of logical positivism. During the Pacific War, however, fascinated by German romanticism, he went further to accept anti-Semitic theory on conspiracy. Given this experience, after the war, he began to be engaged in research on political consciousness with the theoretical framework of sociological psychology and had soon established himself as a promising political scientist. Nagai's behaviorism owed heavily to Maruyama Masao's work, <i>The World of Politics</i>, published in 1952. Based on Lasswell's works, Maruyama had there presented his behavioristic model of political power and suggested the importance of the activities of voluntary associations as a remedy for political apathy in mass society. In 1950's, Nagai as well as Maruyama regarded his behaviorism as a progressive venture to establish democracy in Post-War Japan. However, Nagai was not a blind advocate of behaviorism. Reviewing Weldon's work, <i>the Vocabulary of Politics</i>, which was founded in logical positivism, he criticized the scientific assumption of American behaviorism and its inclination to social engineering. Nagai did not even conceal himself from his sympathy with Hans J. Morgenthau's criticism to social engineering. Thus Nagai's ambivalent attitude toward American political science was a prologue to his subsequent conversion to conservative realism in 1960's.<br>Chapter II investigates Nagai's works on international politics in 1960's focusing on the relationship between his concern in 1950's. and 1960's His first article on international politics, "American concept of war and the challenge of Mao Zedong" founded its theoretical framework on his behavioristic political science including key concepts such as "situation", "institution" and "organization". His criticism to American concept of war was apparently based on his antipathy to social engineering which had already appeared in late 1950's. Nagai was misunderstood by his contemporaries as an epigone of American scientific strategic studies. Discussing Nagai's ambivalence toward scientific approach, this chapter explains the reason why such misunderstandings had occurred<br>Chapter III depicts how Nagai viewed the political turmoil in 1968. As an expert in the study of mass society, Nagai was sensitive to the impact of rapid economic development commencing in early 1960's upon contemporary Japanese politics. Nevertheless, he did not advocate the end of ideology. He rather appreciated the importance of utopian ideas in the post-industrial society. In his article "Why dose socialism exist in America?", Nagai criticized the stagnant institutionalized American liberalism and appreciated utopian idealists including Riesman and Fromm. Therefore, while adopting conservative realist critique in discussing American foreign policies, Nagai took sides with "utopian socialists" in reviewing American domestic politics. His dual strategy took its root in his consistent criticism to the institutionalized American liberalism.

著者

酒井 哲哉

出版者

藤原書店

雑誌

社会思想史研究 (ISSN:03864510)

巻号頁・発行日

no.35, pp.60-76, 2011

著者

牧野 睦 井上 紳 松山 高明 酒井 哲郎 小林 洋一 片桐 敬 太田 秀一

出版者

公益財団法人 日本心臓財団

雑誌

心臓 (ISSN:05864488)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.12, pp.1181-1186, 2006-12-15 (Released:2013-05-24)

参考文献数

16

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目的:冠静脈洞周囲の解剖学的特徴を明らかにすること.方法:対象は剖検心26例.下大静脈から左心耳まで房室接合部を切り出し僧帽弁に垂直に5mm幅で包埋,ヘマトキシリンーエオジン,アザンーマロリー染色を施行して光学顕微鏡下で冠静脈洞を観察, 大心静脈との境界部(似下,境界部),中央部,開口部でその性状を検討した.結果:冠静脈洞の長さは29.9±96mm,それに対し冠静脈洞を覆う筋束(冠静脈洞筋束)は37.9±10.Ommあった.冠静脈洞は境界部で僧帽弁輪上方9.6±4.5mmに位置したが,中央部6.5±3.6mm,開口部3.6±26mmと接近した.冠静脈洞筋束は開口部でもっとも厚く,また肺静脈方向に広く分布していた.全例で冠静脈洞筋束と左心房筋との部分接合を肺静脈側,心内膜側,僧帽弁輪側いずれかに認めたが,その頻度は境界部18例(69%),中央部21例(81%),開口部25例(96%)で開口部に近いほど高かった.開口部近傍では冠静脈洞筋束と左心房筋間の脂肪組織が乏しく,両者が密着する症例が増加した.結論:冠静脈洞筋束の分布は個体差が著しいが,肺静脈側によく発達していた.全例で左心房筋との接合を認め,開口部に近いほどその頻度が高かった.冠静脈洞と僧帽弁輪間の距離は開口部に比し境界部で開大する傾向がみられた.

著者

増田 富士雄 藤原 治 酒井 哲弥 荒谷 忠

出版者

Tokyo Geographical Society

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.110, no.5, pp.650-664, 2001-10-25 (Released:2009-11-12)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

14 17

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Relative sea-level changes and variations in shoreline progradation rate over the past 6000 years are elucidated from the elevations of the beach deposits, their 14C ages, and the geographic position of each locality on the Kujukuri strand plain, Pacific coast of the Boso Peninsula, central Japan. These past sea-levels were +4 to +6 m above the modern sea-level (high-stand stage) at 6000 to 5300 calendar years B.P., +3 to + 4.5 m (stable stage) at 5000 to 3500 years B.P., declined from +1.2-+ 3.4 m to + 0.5-+ 2.1 m (falling stage) at 3300 to 2250 years B.P., and were-1.5--1 m to + 1 m (stable stage) from 1650 to 250 years B.P. ; sea level is 0 m at present. The detailed changes revealed by this new method strongly imply the existence of several rapid uplifts (0.4 to 1.2 m per event) at 5100 to 5500 years B.P., 3400 years B.P., 2400 years B.P., 1650 years B.P., and 0-250 years B.P. The uplifts were co-seismic, because the speed of occurrence seems to have been high, and the events are generally associated with so-called “tsunami deposits.” Co-seismic uplift in this region has not been reported previously from historical records or geological evidence.

著者

酒井 哲哉

出版者

JAPAN ASSOCIATION OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

no.117, pp.121-139,L12, 1998

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This essay intends to analyse the formative process of discourses on international politics in post-war Japan, and by doing so shed light on the hitherto neglected aspects of Japanese political thought. Most of previous studies have understood discourses on international politics in post-war Japan as a simple dichotomy, realism/idealism, and paid little attention to the intellectual contexts in which these discourses had their own roots; While "idealists" have searched for their identity in that Japan was reborn as a "peace-loving" nation after the end of the Pacific War, "realists" have acused the "idealists" of being naive. Both of them, however, seem to have overlooked or possibly masked from what kind of historical background discourses on international politics in post-war Japan had emerged and to what extent post-war discourses had been influenced by pre-war ones. Therefore, this essay will uncover the complicated relationship of political thought between post-war and pre-war Japan.<br>Chapter I "Morality, Power and Peace" treats how relationship between morality and power in international politics was argued during the early post-war era. Dogi-Kokka-Ron (Nation Based on Morality), the dominant discourse on peace immediately after Japan's surrender, insisted that Japan search for morality rather than power and by doing so exceed the principle of sovereignty, characterestic of modern states. In spite of its appearance, however, Dogi-Kokka-Ron contained echoes of philosophical argument of the Kyoto School which had advocated morality of Japan's wartime foreign policies vis-à-vis Western imperialism. Thus Maruyama Masao and other leading intellectuals, who belonged to the school known as Shimin-Shakai-Ha (Civil Society School), tried to differentiate their arguments from Dogi-Kokka-Ron and create another discourse on morality, power and peace. Since the Kyoto School had criticised harshly the modernity and nationalism during the Pacific War, Shimin-Shakai-Ha's undertakings resulted in reestimation of the modern nation-state. This chapter further elucidates Shimin-Shakai-Ha's ambivalent attitudes toward power and norm in international politics with special reference to its understandings of the concept of the equality of states.<br>Chapter II "Regionalism and Nationalism" focuses on Royama Masamichi's argument on regionalism. Regionalism was a difficult topic to handle during the early post-war era because it could bring to mind the idea of the Great East-Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere during the Pacific War. Royama, founder of the study on International Politics in Japan, was one of the rare figures who continued to advocate the significance of regionalism. This chapter surveys Royama's argument on regionalism from the mid-1920's to the mid-1950's and investigates how his concern about development and nationalism of Asian countries appeared within the framework of regionalism. Royama's argument is also suggestive for better understanding of the context in which the "Rostow-Reischauer line" surfaced in the early 1960's.<br>Chapter III "Collective Security and Neutralism" elucidates several aspects of this issue which have not been hitherto fully investigated. Whether positively or negatively, neutralism in post-war Japan has been understood as a typically "idealistic" attitude toward international politics. However, the context in which the concept of neutrality was understood and argued in the early post-war Japan was more complicated. Discourses on neutralism at that time had still echoes of the controversies over collective security during the inter-war years. The Yokota-Taoka Controversy which took place in the late-1940's witnessed the continuity of pre-war and post-war arguments on this issue. This chapter, therefore, focuses on the Yokota-Taoka Controversy and analyses its impact on the following arguments of

著者

木谷強 小川 泰嗣 石川 徹也 木本 晴夫 中渡瀬 秀一 芥子 育雄 豊浦 潤 福島 俊一 松井 くにお 上田 良寛 酒井 哲也 徳永 健伸 鶴岡 弘 安形 輝

出版者

一般社団法人情報処理学会

雑誌

情報処理学会研究報告データベースシステム(DBS) (ISSN:09196072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1998, no.2, pp.15-22, 1998-01-19

被引用文献数

33

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日本語情報検索システム評価用テストコレクションBMIR-J2は、情報処理学会データベースシステム研究会内のワーキンググループによって作成されている。BMIR-J2は1998年3月から配布される予定であるが、これに先立ち、テスト版としてBMIR-J2が1996年3月からモニタ公開された。J1は50箇所のモニタに配布され、多数の研究成果が発表されている。BMIR-J2では、J1に対するモニタユーザからのアンケートの回答と、作成にあたったワーキングループメンバの経験をもとに、テストコレクションの検索対象テキスト数を大幅に増やし、検索要求と適合性判定基準も見直した。本論文では、BMIR-J2の内容とその作成手順、および今後の課題について述べる。BMIR-J2, a test collection for evaluation of Japanese information retrieval systems to be released in March 1998, has been developed by a working group under the Special Interest Group on Database Systems in Information Processing Society of Japan. Since March 1996, a preliminary version called BMIR-J1 has been distributed to fifty sites and used in many research projects. Based on comments from the BMIR-J1 users and our experience, we have enlarged the collection size and revised search queries and relevance assessments in BMIR-J2. In this paper, we describe BMIR-J2 and its development process, and discuss issues to be considered for improving BMIR-J2 further.

著者

藤原 治 増田 富士雄 酒井 哲弥 入月 俊明 布施 圭介

出版者

日本第四紀学会

雑誌

第四紀研究 (ISSN:04182642)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.41-58, 1999-02-01 (Released:2009-08-21)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

12 19

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内湾(溺れ谷)の泥底に砂や礫を再堆積させるイベントが,完新世の三浦半島と房総半島南部で繰り返し発生したことが,沖積低地で行ったボーリング調査によって明らかになった.これらの再堆積層は,上方へ細粒化する淘汰の悪い泥質砂層や砂質礫層からなり,他生の貝化石や粘土礫を多く含み,生痕が発達し,自生の貝化石を含む泥層を削り込んで覆う.これらの再堆積層は,3ヵ所の沖積低地で掘削した6本のボーリング・コアで認められ,加速器質量分析計(AMS)による79個の14C年代測定値に基づいて,近似した年代をもつ7つの層(下位からT1~T7)にまとめられる.T3~T7は,水深10~20mの内湾中央部に堆積したものであるが,岩礁などに棲む貝化石を泥底の群集と混合して含む.また,貝化石は下位層と14C年代値が逆転するものがある.T1,T2は上述した異常堆積物と類似した堆積構造や化石を含み,特に貝形虫化石群集は外洋水が内湾奥の汽水域へ流入したことを示唆している.T1~T7の堆積構造,化石の種構成,14C年代値は,海底および海岸の侵食と削剥された堆積物の湾央への運搬が強い流れに起因することを示している.さらに,T3~T7は,相模トラフ周辺で発生した巨大地震に伴う海岸段丘の離水時期と年代が近似する.以上のことから,T1~T7は海底地震に伴う津波で形成されたことが強く示唆される.これらの津波は,過去約10,000年の間に,400年から2,000年の間隔で発生した.

著者

藤原 治 増田 富士雄 酒井 哲弥 布施 圭介 齊藤 晃

出版者

日本第四紀学会

雑誌

第四紀研究 (ISSN:04182642)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.2, pp.73-86, 1997-05-31 (Released:2009-08-21)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

5 13

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相模湾周辺では,完新世を通じて巨大地震が繰り返し発生したことが,完新世の海成段丘や歴史地震の研究から知られている.しかし,完新世の地震を示す津波堆積物などの地質学的な証拠は,ほとんど知られていない.完新世の3回の地震隆起に対応する津波堆積物を,房総半島南部の館山市周辺に分布する内湾堆積物から初めて見いだした.これらの津波堆積物は,館山市周辺で広域に追跡できる.津波堆積物は,基底が侵食面を示し上方へ細粒化する砂層や砂礫層からなり,貝化石片や木片を多量に含む.貝化石は,内湾泥底と沿岸の砂底や礫底に住む種が混合しており,海底の侵食と再堆積が生じたことを示す.また,陸側と海側への両方の古流向が堆積構造から推定される.3枚の津波堆積物は,それぞれ約6,300~6,000yrs BP,4,800~4,700yrs BP,4,500~4,400yrs BPに堆積したことが貝化石の14C年代値から明らかになった.最下位の津波堆積物は,沼I段丘,野比I段丘の離水と年代が一致する.また,中位と上位の津波堆積物は,それぞれ野比II段丘,沼II段丘の離水と年代が一致する.調査地域では,上述の津波堆積物と類似した堆積相を示す砂層や砂礫層が,約7,400~3,600yrs BPの間に100~200年に1枚の割で堆積している.これらの砂層や砂礫層の一部は,沼段丘上に分布する離水波食棚群(茅根・吉川,1986)に対応する津波堆積物の可能性がある.

著者

酒井 哲哉

出版者

一般財団法人 日本国際政治学会

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1998, no.117, pp.121-139,L12, 1998

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This essay intends to analyse the formative process of discourses on international politics in post-war Japan, and by doing so shed light on the hitherto neglected aspects of Japanese political thought. Most of previous studies have understood discourses on international politics in post-war Japan as a simple dichotomy, realism/idealism, and paid little attention to the intellectual contexts in which these discourses had their own roots; While &ldquo;idealists&rdquo; have searched for their identity in that Japan was reborn as a &ldquo;peace-loving&rdquo; nation after the end of the Pacific War, &ldquo;realists&rdquo; have acused the &ldquo;idealists&rdquo; of being naive. Both of them, however, seem to have overlooked or possibly masked from what kind of historical background discourses on international politics in post-war Japan had emerged and to what extent post-war discourses had been influenced by pre-war ones. Therefore, this essay will uncover the complicated relationship of political thought between post-war and pre-war Japan.<br>Chapter I &ldquo;Morality, Power and Peace&rdquo; treats how relationship between morality and power in international politics was argued during the early post-war era. Dogi-Kokka-Ron (Nation Based on Morality), the dominant discourse on peace immediately after Japan's surrender, insisted that Japan search for morality rather than power and by doing so exceed the principle of sovereignty, characterestic of modern states. In spite of its appearance, however, Dogi-Kokka-Ron contained echoes of philosophical argument of the Kyoto School which had advocated morality of Japan's wartime foreign policies vis-&agrave;-vis Western imperialism. Thus Maruyama Masao and other leading intellectuals, who belonged to the school known as Shimin-Shakai-Ha (Civil Society School), tried to differentiate their arguments from Dogi-Kokka-Ron and create another discourse on morality, power and peace. Since the Kyoto School had criticised harshly the modernity and nationalism during the Pacific War, Shimin-Shakai-Ha's undertakings resulted in reestimation of the modern nation-state. This chapter further elucidates Shimin-Shakai-Ha's ambivalent attitudes toward power and norm in international politics with special reference to its understandings of the concept of the equality of states.<br>Chapter II &ldquo;Regionalism and Nationalism&rdquo; focuses on Royama Masamichi's argument on regionalism. Regionalism was a difficult topic to handle during the early post-war era because it could bring to mind the idea of the Great East-Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere during the Pacific War. Royama, founder of the study on International Politics in Japan, was one of the rare figures who continued to advocate the significance of regionalism. This chapter surveys Royama's argument on regionalism from the mid-1920's to the mid-1950's and investigates how his concern about development and nationalism of Asian countries appeared within the framework of regionalism. Royama's argument is also suggestive for better understanding of the context in which the &ldquo;Rostow-Reischauer line&rdquo; surfaced in the early 1960's.<br>Chapter III &ldquo;Collective Security and Neutralism&rdquo; elucidates several aspects of this issue which have not been hitherto fully investigated. Whether positively or negatively, neutralism in post-war Japan has been understood as a typically &ldquo;idealistic&rdquo; attitude toward international politics. However, the context in which the concept of neutrality was understood and argued in the early post-war Japan was more complicated. Discourses on neutralism at that time had still echoes of the controversies over collective security during the inter-war years. The Yokota-Taoka Controversy which took place in the late-1940's witnessed the continuity of pre-war and post-war arguments on this issue. This chapter, therefore, focuses on the Yokota-Taoka Controversy and analyses its impact on the following arguments of

著者

酒井哲哉 松田利彦編

出版者

国際日本文化研究センター

巻号頁・発行日

2013

著者

柄澤 秀親 篠山 英恵 石橋 之宏 酒井 哲也 新井 和吉

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 (ISSN:21879761)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.902, pp.21-00145, 2021 (Released:2021-10-25)

参考文献数

13

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The performance of a table tennis racket is often stipulated using an unique standard for the manufacturer. However, the performance criteria for restitution characteristics still have been unclear due to lack of qualitative evaluation by each manufacturer. For metal baseball bats, a formula that can easily estimate the coefficient of restitution (COR) for the bat has been proposed. Similarly, it is important to establish a method that can control the COR at the design stage for table tennis rackets. In this study, first, to understand the restitution characteristics of the table tennis ball used in the official game, an impact test was conducted on a pseudo-rigid wall at low to high velocity. Then, for 15 types of rackets, the COR of the racket body (with and without rubber) was measured. Additionally, the natural frequency and flexural rigidity of the racket body without rubber were measured. Furthermore, these experimental data revealed relationships between the COR and both of the impact velocity and natural frequency of the racket. A formula for the COR was derived similar to that for a baseball bat, and developed by considering the flexural rigidity. The effect of rubber on the COR was also investigated. Consequently, the effects of ball’s impact velocity, racket’s natural frequency and racket’s flexural rigidity on the COR of the racket were clarified. From these results, an equation that can estimate and control the COR of the racket at the design stage was developed.

著者

石川 大介 栗山 和子 酒井 哲也 関 洋平 神門 典子

出版者

情報知識学会

雑誌

情報知識学会誌 (ISSN:09171436)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.73-85, 2010-05-15

参考文献数

19

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本研究では,Q&A サイトにおけるベストアンサーを計算機が推定可能か検証した.まず最初に,人間の判定者によるベストアンサー推定実験を行った.ベストアンサー推定実験にはYahoo!知恵袋データを利用し,「恋愛相談」「パソコン」「一般教養」「政治」の4つのカテゴリからそれぞれ無作為抽出した50 問を使用した.判定者二人による推定結果の正解率(精度) は,「恋愛相談」では50%と52%(ランダム推定:34%),「パソコン」では62%と58%(ランダム推定:38%),「一般教養」では54%と56%(ランダム推定:37%),「政治」では56%と60%(ランダム推定:35.8%) であった.次に,この実験結果を分析し,ベストアンサーを選ぶ要因として「詳しい」「根拠」「丁寧」を素性とする機械学習システムを構築した.判定者らと同じ50 問を用いた推定実験の結果,機械学習システムの精度は,「パソコン」では判定者らの結果を上回り(67%),「恋愛相談」では判定者らの結果を下回った(41%).「一般教養」と「政治」では機械学習システムと判定者らの結果はほぼ同等であった.

著者

石川 大介 酒井 哲也 関 洋平 栗山 和子 神門 典子

出版者

情報知識学会

雑誌

情報知識学会誌 (ISSN:09171436)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, pp.362-382, 2011-09-27

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1

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コミュニティ型質問応答サイト(CQA)は,ユーザが自身の状況に応じた情報を得ることができる新たな手段である.しかし投稿された回答の質は様々であるため,その中から良質な回答を選択する方法が求められている.そこで本研究は,まず Yahoo!知恵袋データにおける良質回答を人手で分析し,その結果に基づいて良質回答自動予測システムを構築した.具体的には,「恋愛相談」「パソコン」「一般教養」「政治」の4つのカテゴリからそれぞれ無作為に50問の質問を抽出し,判定者2名によって手作業で良質回答を決定した.次に,その結果を分析し,良質回答の特徴として「詳しさ」「根拠」「丁寧さ」に基づく機械学習システムを構築した.機械学習システムの評価結果は,「パソコン」と「一般教養」カテゴリでは判定者らを上回った.「恋愛相談」と「政治」カテゴリでは,機械学習システムの評価結果は判定者らとほぼ同じであった.以上の結果から,CQAアーカイブから自動的に良質回答を発見するシステムの可能性が示唆される.