著者
正木 響
出版者
国際開発学会
雑誌
国際開発研究 (ISSN:13423045)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.19, no.2, pp.101-118, 2010-11-15 (Released:2019-12-25)
参考文献数
43

The CFA Franc was introduced to the formerly French-ruled African Countries in 1945, on the day previous to the French accession to IMF. There actually exist two totally different currencies called the CFA franc: The Communauté Financière d'Afrique Franc, which is shared among eight Western African countries and Coopération Financière en Afrique centrale Franc for six Central African countries. Each currency is issued and controlled by its own central bank and the value of both currencies is pegged to the French Franc (or the Euro since 2002) at the same rate.However, with the appreciation of the Euro, the appreciation of these two CFA Francs has become a problem of deep concern. Despite the fact that the Sub Saharan African countries had also faced to the same economic crisis since the 1980's, CFA Franc countries are thought to have had far more serious difficulty in adjusting their economies. In this paper, we first identify the institutions of the CFA Franc Zone as well as a range of problematic issues pointed out in empirical research. Second, we calculated the Real Effective Exchange Rates (REER) for those countries based on quarterly data from 1999 to 2006 and compared them with those of neighbor countries.Our results show that the REER of most CFA Franc countries did not appreciate because they had succeeded in keeping their price levels sufficiently low. However, most of their neighboring countries, which continued to devaluate their currencies due to instability of their economies were much more competitive. Since the financial crisis of the year 2008, the effect of the exchange rate systems on economic growth attracted the heightened attention. This paper shows some important issues when we will grapple with the development of the CFA Franc Zone Countries.
著者
正木 響
出版者
社会経済史学会
雑誌
社會經濟史學 (ISSN:00380113)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.81, no.2, pp.239-260, 2015-08-25

本研究は、19世紀にフランス領インドのポンディシェリで生産され、フランスを介在してセネガルに運ばれ、そこでローカルな交易の交換手段として利用されていた藍染綿布ギネ(guinee)の植民地間交易の実態に迫ることを目的とする。本論文の構成は以下のようになる。まず、先行研究に基づいて、セネガルでギネが交換財、つまり貨幣として受容されるに至る背景と、フランスが19世紀にポンディシェリにてギネの大量生産を行うに至る経緯を見る。次に、ギネの特徴やセネガルにおけるギネの利用方法と、フランスからセネガルに輸出されたギネの量と価格の変遷およびポンディシェリ産ギネの比率を1833-1921年期間について示す。また、19世紀には、フランスのボルドー港が当該交易のハブとなっていた事実も明らかにする。続いて、このギネ交易を管理するために19世紀に発令された法律等を時系列に沿って提示し、幾度となく繰り返されるフランスの政策見直しや経済環境の変化が,グローバルに散らばる各アクター間の利害対立や諸関係の変化を招いたことを強調する。