著者
吉川 穣 西尾 悠 伊澤 精一郎 福西 祐
出版者
一般社団法人 日本機械学会
雑誌
日本機械学会論文集 (ISSN:21879761)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.17-00478, (Released:2017-12-20)
参考文献数
15
被引用文献数
2

Numerical simulations are carried out aimed at finding a key flow structure which leads to a laminar-turbulent transition of a boundary layer with streaky structures. In the preliminary computation, an array of cuboids is used to form streaky structures inside a boundary layer. Then, a disturbance is introduced into the boundary layer by ejecting a short-duration jet from a hole in the wall into a low-speed region in the streaky structures. Although the boundary layer returns to a laminar state when the jet velocity is set to 18% of the uniform flow velocity, it eventually turns into a turbulent state downstream in the 20% case. The differences are investigated in detail in terms of the vortical structures. As a result, only in the stronger jet case, a flat spanwise vortex is generated beside one leg of a hairpin vortex and it merges with the streamwise vortex nearby forming an inclined streamwise vortex. On the other hand, the flat spanwise vortex disappears without being connected to the streamwise vortex in the weaker jet case. The inclined streamwise vortex is stretched by the mean velocity gradient of the boundary layer growing into a strong vortex, and new vortex structures are generated around the inclined one, which leads to turbulence. Therefore, the results suggest that formation of the inclined vortex is the key to transition of the boundary layer.
著者
多田 修平 佐竹 正俊 茂田 正哉 伊澤 精一郎 福西 祐
出版者
一般社団法人 日本機械学会
雑誌
年次大会
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2011, pp._G050093-1-_G050093-5, 2011
被引用文献数
1

Water splash caused by an elastic tire rolling on a wet road is simulated using SPH method. Fluid-structure inter action model is newly proposed to couple the fluid motion and the elastic tire. The result shows that the water discharge capability strongly depends on the grooved patterns, and the tire receives lift and drag forces from the water.
著者
寺島 修 伊澤 精一郎 稲澤 歩 福西 祐
出版者
一般社団法人 日本機械学会
雑誌
日本機械学会論文集B編 (ISSN:18848346)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.77, no.773, pp.56-65, 2011 (Released:2011-01-25)
参考文献数
19
被引用文献数
4 2

The streamwise interface of an isolated turbulent region in a laminar flat plate boundary layer is investigated by performing a wind tunnel experiment. In the experiment, bimorph-type piezoceramic actuators are used to generate a trapezoidal-shaped turbulent region that has a wide interface in the spanwise direction. With the use of the piezoceramic actuators, the interference of the spanwise interface with the streamwise interface of the turbulent region is eliminated. Therefore, the streamwise interface can be considered as an independent interface. The experimental results show that the rms value of the velocity fluctuation and the turbulent fluctuation rapidly changes at the leading edge of the turbulent region. On the other hand, the rms value of the velocity fluctuation remains high after the turbulent fluctuation disappears at the trailing edge of the turbulent region. It is also shown that the traveling speed of the trailing edge of the turbulent region is faster than the ensemble-averaged streamwise velocity at the trailing edge of the turbulent region near the wall (η≤1.3). In addition, the velocity profile at the trailing edge of the turbulent region indicates the existence of the acceleration of the turbulent fluid near the wall. From the above results, it is found that the inverse transition occurs at the trailing edge of the turbulent region near the wall due to the acceleration of the turbulent fluid.
著者
伊澤 精一郎 磯 拓朗 西尾 悠 福西 祐
出版者
一般社団法人 日本機械学会
雑誌
日本機械学会論文集 (ISSN:21879761)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.84, no.862, pp.18-00132, 2018 (Released:2018-06-25)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
1

Behaviors of liquid films scattering from a disk-type or cup-type rotary atomizer are studied using computations based on the three-dimensional Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. To reduce computational costs while maintaining a high spatial resolution, the computational domain is limited to a fan-shaped region near the edge of the atomizers using a periodic boundary condition in the circumferential direction. Steady inflow is considered as the inlet condition. In both disk- and cup-type cases, the liquid film leaving the atomizer edge becomes wavy in the circumferential direction and forms elongated ligaments, which break up into droplets. When the atomizer is equipped with grooves on its outer edge, the process of ligament formation and droplet break up is strongly affected by the number and shape of the grooves, particularly for the cup-type atomizer, in which the centrifugal force works more effectively. Two ligament formation patterns are observed: one ligament from each groove and a pairing of ligaments from two neighboring grooves. Droplets of uniform sizes are likely to be generated when the former pattern appears. The results suggest that droplets of uniform sizes can be obtained by choosing the appropriate shape and number of grooves.
著者
日野 幹雄 福西 祐 灘岡 和夫 野上 啓一郎
出版者
東京工業大学
雑誌
一般研究(A)
巻号頁・発行日
1988

植生は、地圏と気圏とを結ぶ径路であり、根系は土壌中の水分や化学物質のシンクである。葉は気圏への水蒸気のソ-スであるばかりでなく、光合成作用によって炭酸ガスを吸収し酸素を放出し、蒸散作用によりあるいは遮蔽効果により気温暖和の作用を行う。本研究は、植生の効果を考慮し地圏と気圏を一体として取扱う水文学の確立のための基礎研究である。1.風洞付きライシメ-タ-による実験:長さ4m、幅35cm、風路部高さ50cm、土壌部高さ50cmの風洞を二台製作し、一台は裸地のままあるいは芝生とし、他の一台は(稲科の)雑草を植え、比較実験を行い、次の結果を得た。裸地、芝生に対し雑草は日射の遮蔽と蒸散の効果により流下方向に大きな気温低下(最大3ー4℃)と湿度上昇(最大5g/m^3)をもたらす。雑草風洞のCO_2シンク量は日射量と、水蒸気ソ-ス量は飽差量と高い相関をもち、土壌水分は2次元的な因子として作用する。熱シンク量は水蒸気ソ-ス量及び流入温度で説明される。2.枯葉の保温効果:芝生とその上に枯葉層を作った場合の冬期夜間の風速・気温・地温等を測定し、長波放射による枯葉層上面の冷却・枯葉層内の保温効果を調べた。3.数値モデルNEO-SPAM,Soil,Plant,Atmospheric Modelの開発とシミュレ-ション:植生の存在を考慮した気流の運動および連続の方程式、熱および炭酸ガスの拡散方程式、根系をシンクとした土壌中の水分移動に関する不飽和浸透方程式、および新たに導いた植生の気孔の蒸発散・光合成作用を表す式により非定常三次元場の数値モデルを開発し、実験結果をシミュレ-トした。また、植生の配列が気候暖和に及ぼす効果を調べた。さらに植生による気候暖和が葉による遮蔽作用よりも、蒸散作用によるものであることを明らかにした。