著者

苅山 靖 藤井 宏明 森 健一 図子 浩二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.1, pp.91-109, 2013 (Released:2013-06-08)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

2 5

---

This study aimed to clarify the 3-dimensional joint kinetics of the takeoff leg for the single-leg rebound jump (SRJ) and the double-leg rebound jump (DRJ). 14 male track and field athletes (sprinters, jumpers and decathletes) performed the SRJ and the DRJ with maximal effort. Kinematics and kinetics data were recorded using a Vicon T20 system (250 Hz) and force platforms (1000 Hz). The results of all the analyses were as follows: 1.  In the SRJ, hip joint work around the adduction-abduction and internal-external rotation axes was higher than in the DRJ, because of larger hip abduction and internal rotational torque in the SRJ. 2.  In the SRJ, hip abduction and internal rotation torque were larger than those in the DRJ. These may have been caused by the anatomical and mechanical differences between the SRJ and DRJ. 3.  In the SRJ, hip abduction torque affected the increment in jump height. This result suggests that hip abduction torque affects the higher jump height for a single leg to a greater extent in the SRJ than in the DRJ. 4.  In the SRJ, the trunk lateral flexion caused by trunk flexion torque reduced the lateral displacement of the center of gravity due to pelvic list. These results suggest that 1) the SRJ is an effective training tool for improvement of technique and force output ability for prioritization of power output at the hip internal rotators, especially the hip abductors in addition to the hip extensor, and 2) hip abduction torque in the SRJ has a role in both postural control and determining the increment in jump height. These findings will be useful for clarifying the most pertinent points related to the SRJ and for developing an effective method that can be applied to plyometrics.

著者

苅山 靖 図子 浩二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.137-150, 2015 (Released:2015-06-13)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

5 1

---

The present study attempted to develop a training model using the rebound jump (RJ) for improving stiffness during bounding (BD), focusing on joint kinetics. 17 male track and field athletes (sprinters, jumpers, and decathletes) performed the BD and RJ. Video images of their jumping motions in the sagittal plane (300 Hz) and their ground reaction force data (1,000 Hz) were recorded. Stiffness was calculated using the spring-mass model, and the joint extension and plantar flexion torques during the first half of the take-off phase and negative torque power of the 3 lower joints (ankle, knee, hip) were calculated. The foot angle at the moment of touchdown during BD was also calculated. The results were as follows: 1.  During BD and RJ, stiffness was correlated with the ankle joint torque during the first half of the take-off phase and the negative torque power about the ankle joint. 2.  The foot angle at the moment of touchdown during BD was correlated with stiffness, contact time, ankle joint torque during the first half of the take-off phase, and negative torque power of the ankle joint. 3.  Ankle joint torque and negative torque power about the ankle joint during the first half of the take-off phase in BD were correlated with those during RJ.   These results suggest that stiffness during BD and RJ are affected by ankle joint kinetics. On the basis of these results, previous studies and sports training principles, plyometric training using the RJ may be useful for improving the stiffness in BD via ankle joint kinetics.

著者

苅山 靖 図子 浩二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.2, pp.449-460, 2016 (Released:2016-12-14)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

2

---

In the present study, we aimed to (1) clarify the relationship between stiffness and take-off leg motion during bounding and (2) append the information gathered from the study to a hierarchical training model (Kariyama and Zushi 2013, 2015). Seventeen male track and field athletes (sprinters, jumpers, and decathletes) performed bounding. Jumping motions in the sagittal plane (300 Hz) and ground reaction force data (1,000 Hz) were recorded. Stiffness was calculated using the spring-mass model, and the kinematic and kinetic variables of both the take-off leg and swing leg were calculated. We found correlations between stiffness and the following parameters: vertical ground reaction force impulse during the late phase (r=−0.488), distance between the center of gravity of the body (CG) and the toe at touch down (r=−0.760), hip-toe distance at touch down and at toe off (r=−0.568 and −0.472, respectively), range of flexion at the hip joint angle (r=−0.517), range of extension at the knee joint angle (r=−0.484), negative joint work and relative work at the hip joint (r=−0.462 and −0.511, respectively), positive joint work and relative work at the knee joint (r=−0.619 and −0.534, respectively), swing-leg angle at touch down (r=−0.755), and swing-leg vertical impulse during the late phase (r=−0.535). The results we obtained suggest that take-off motion in bounding is affected by stiffness characteristics, although jump distance is not affected by stiffness (Kariyama and Zushi 2013, 2015). Previous studies (Kariyama and Zushi 2013, 2015) indicated that stiffness in bounding is affected by stiffness in rebound jumping. On the basis of our results and those of previous studies, take-off motion correlated with stiffness in bounding could be affected by rebound jump stiffness. Therefore, an understanding of the characteristics of stiffness in rebound jumping is important for training that changes the above-mentioned take-off motion in bounding.

著者

藤林 献明 坂口 将太 苅山 靖 図子 浩二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.175-188, 2014 (Released:2014-06-13)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

4

---

The present study was conducted to examine the most effective takeoff movement for the Rebound Long Jump Test (RLJ test) under high-speed conditions. This test is designed to evaluate the ability to perform the ballistic stretch-shortening cycle movement for unilateral horizontal jump events on the basis of the RLJ index (RLJ index (m/s)=Jumping distance (JD (m))/Contact time (CT (s)). Subjects jump from a 0.1-m-high step to the ground after an approach run (falling jump), followed by jumping without interruption for as far as possible (propulsive jump). Eleven male college track-and-field athletes performed the RLJ test, and the RLJ index was calculated. On the basis of the average value of the RLJ index, the athletes were assigned to an upper level group (RLJ index>mean value) or a lower level group (RLJ index<mean value), and the takeoff movement of upper level group was considered the effective takeoff movement. The results suggested that it was important to minimize the rotation angle of the body, and to use a faster rotation velocity. This was achieved by 1) increasing the movement distance and velocity in the direction of the forward movement of the swing leg in the air, 2) minimizing the rotation angle of the foot and shank segment, and increasing that of the thigh segment during the initial phase, and 3) accelerating the rotation angle of the thigh segment again and swinging the swing-leg forward and up during the latter phase. These results suggest that the RLJ test and RLJ index provide a measure of the takeoff movement technique in terms of pre-rotation moment, the mechanism of rotation of the lower limb segment, and the swing moment of the swing leg.

著者

坂口 将太 藤林 献明 苅山 靖 図子 浩二

出版者

日本発育発達学会

雑誌

発育発達研究 (ISSN:13408682)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2014, no.62, pp.24-33, 2014-03-01 (Released:2014-05-05)

参考文献数

25

---

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between rebound jumping ability and running ability in preschool children. The subjects consisted of 166 preschool children (96 boys and 70 girls;age range:2.0-6.0 years). The measurements used were jumping height of counter movement jumping (CMJ), index (jumping height/ground contact time) of consecutive rebound jumping (RJ), 20-m running velocity (RV), step length (SL) and step frequency (SF). To exclude the effects of growth on running ability, dimensionless numbers:indices of running velocity (IRV), step length (ISL) and step frequency (ISF) were calculated. Results were as follows;1 ) CMJ jumping height, RJ-index, RV, SL, IRV and ISL increased with aging. 2 ) The IRV, ISL and ISF correlated with CMJ jumping height and RJ index. The coefficient correlation of RJ-index to increase with aging. 3 ) RJ height and RJ ground contact time correlated with flight time and ground contact time in the 20-m run. These results suggest that CMJ and RJ ability influence the development of running ability in preschool children.

著者

林 陵平 苅山 靖 図子 浩二

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.2, pp.243-254, 2016-04-01 (Released:2016-03-18)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

1

---

The purpose of this study was to identify the ground reaction force and lower extremity joint kinetics during clean exercises performed with light and heavy loads. Thirteen male track and field athletes performed the clean exercises from 20 kg to one repetition maximum (1RM). Kinetic data were collected from recorded data using a Vicon motion system (250 Hz) and force platforms (1,000 Hz). The results of the analyses were as follows: (1) Ground reaction force and joint kinetics of hip and ankle were increased by increasing loads in clean exercises. (2) From light to heavy loads, we found relationships between ground reaction force and joint torque of hip in clean exercises. (3) In progressing from light to heavy loads, some subjects continued to involve the muscle group controlling the hip joint as the main power source, while others did not. The results indicate that clean exercises yield different individual characteristics for training. These results suggest that the clean exercise is effective for selectively the hip extensor in all loads.

著者

苅山 靖 図子 浩二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.14067, (Released:2015-03-13)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

3 1

---

The present study attempted to develop a training model using the rebound jump (RJ) for improving stiffness during bounding (BD), focusing on joint kinetics. Seventeen male track and field athletes (sprinters, jumpers, and decathletes) performed the BD and RJ. Video images of their jumping motions in the sagittal plane (300 Hz) and their ground reaction force data (1,000 Hz) were recorded. Stiffness was calculated using the spring-mass model, and the joint extension and plantar flexion torques during the first half of the take-off phase and negative torque power of the 3 lower joints (ankle, knee, hip) were calculated. The foot angle at the moment of touchdown during BD was also calculated. The results were as follows: 1. During BD and RJ, stiffness was correlated with the ankle joint torque during the first half of the take-off phase and the negative torque power about the ankle joint. 2. The foot angle at the moment of touchdown during BD was correlated with stiffness, contact time, ankle joint torque during the first half of the take-off phase, and negative torque power of the ankle joint. 3. Ankle joint torque and negative torque power about the ankle joint during the first half of the take-off phase in BD were correlated with those during RJ. These results suggest that stiffness during BD and RJ are affected by ankle joint kinetics. On the basis of these results, previous studies and sports training principles, plyometric training using the RJ may be useful for improving the stiffness in BD via ankle joint kinetics.

著者

苅山 靖

巻号頁・発行日

2013

---

筑波大学博士 (コーチング学) 学位論文・平成25年3月25日授与 (甲第6636号)