著者

蒲 豊彦

出版者

東洋文庫

雑誌

東洋学報 = The Toyo Gakuho (ISSN:03869067)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.4, pp.471-490, 2007-03

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The twentieth century saw a turning point in the colonial regime, at which time the administrator of British India changed the government’s policy orientation from orientalism to reformism. In the area of education, the orientalist-anglicist controversy was one of highlights of this transformation. In an attempt to break the deadlock in the controversy, Charles Edward Trevelyan (l807-86), a fervent anglicist, forced the orientalists into an 1834 debate regarding the application of the Roman alphabet to vernacular languages in India. Basing his “for” argument on the necessity of popular education, he cited the universality of the Roman alphabet, several of its merits, and its benevolent effect on popular education. In addition, he related romanization to the formation of a genre of national literature and the cultural unification of the Indian people, saying, “Indian vernaculars and its literature will be enriched by supplies of words and ideas derived from English.”As for the orthography of the Roman letters to be applied, Trevelyan abandoned the system created by John Borthwick Gilchrist, which was close to the standard at that time, in favor of that created by William Jones. Trevelyan said that Jones’ scheme was more systematic and applicable to languages all over the world. Trevelyan’s well-known inclination towards modern rationality and universality is clearly evident on this point.This controversy over English education was basically put to an end the following year by a memorandum written by Thomas Babington Macaulay, making the anglicists the victors. Thereafter, however, the Romanization project did not take off, for two reasons: 1) the controversy over Romanization was only one part of the English education debate, and 2) despite Trevelyan’s plan being based on the promotion of popular education, educational administrators in British India chose not to pursue that direction after 1835.

著者

蒲 豊彦 土肥 歩 山本 真 戸部 健 倉田 明子 石川 照子 佐藤 仁史 魏 郁欣

出版者

京都橘大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2013-04-01

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本研究では、近代中国におけるキリスト教の展開という視点から横断的地域史研究を行った。時期としては19世紀中葉から20世紀初頭ごろまでを対象とし、中国沿海部の4地区―①北京・天津地区、②江南デルタ地区、③福建から広東にいたる南部沿海地区、④広州・香港の珠江デルタ―を選定した。アメリカや香港などからも研究者を招いてシンポジウムを開催して意見を交換し、キリスト教の視点が地域史研究にきわめて有効であることをあらためて確認することができた。

著者

蒲 豊彦

出版者

東洋史研究会

雑誌

東洋史研究 (ISSN:03869059)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.2, pp.414-380, 2016-09

著者

蒲 豊彦

出版者

東洋史研究会

雑誌

東洋史研究 (ISSN:03869059)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.2, pp.414-380, 2016-09

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In the late 1890s, during the period from the first Sino-Japanese War through the German occupation of Jiaozhou Bay to the Boxer uprising, China witnessed rising anti-foreign emotions among the people who sensed the crisis of the partition of China by the European powers and Japan. On the other hand, large numbers of people began to rapidly join Christian churches at the same time. We could say that in the late 1890s there appeared to be two contradictory trends regarding foreign influences occurring among the Chinese people at the same time. The people relied on churches for help amid growing political and social crises that struck throughout China. People relied on other organizations in addition to the churches ; for example, in Shantou they relied on Dafeng-hui against an epidemic of the plague, in Gutian in Fujian province on Vegetarian Sect to treat opium addiction, in Shandong on the Great Sword Society against bandits and in Manchuria on the Zaili sect to put their lives back in order. In the late 1890s the people became actively involved in joining various organizations to defend themselves. When thousands of people band together joining a single organization, the organization can easily change into a pressure group opposing other people, which may then become a cause of social unrest. The Roman Catholic Church in this period offers a typical example of this phenomenon ; just as people banded together to resist bandits or the plague, other people formed particular organizations to fight the Church. Such complexities frequently developed in China during the late 1890s.

著者

蒲 豊彦

出版者

京都橘大学研究紀要編集委員会

雑誌

京都橘大学研究紀要 (ISSN:18830307)

巻号頁・発行日

no.41, pp.1-15, 2014

著者

蒲 豊彦

出版者

京都橘大学研究紀要編集委員会

雑誌

京都橘大学研究紀要 (ISSN:18830307)

巻号頁・発行日

no.41, pp.1-15, 2014