著者

藤川 智彦

出版者

日本基礎理学療法学会

雑誌

日本基礎理学療法学雑誌 (ISSN:21860742)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.2, pp.8-16, 2016-08-03 (Released:2018-09-28)

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The existence of bi-articular muscles greatly contributes to hybrid position and force control, and compliance control of the end point of extremities. In electromyography, the coordinated activity pattern of three pairs of antagonistic muscles, consisting of mono- and bi- articular muscles, contributed to control of the output force direction, and the output distribution at maximum effort was a hexagonal shape with the muscular strength for each pair of antagonistic muscles. In mechanical human leg model experiments, we demonstrated that the parallel link mechanism of a bi- articular muscle along the posterior crus was involved in stabilizing a jumping motion, and that the coordinated contraction mechanism of three pairs of antagonistic muscles in the femoral region contributed to absorbing the force generated during the landing motion. The results obtained from the mechanical leg model experiments strongly suggest that coordinated muscular functions could provide rapid and precise human like movements without a feedback control system.

著者

大島 徹 藤川 智彦 熊本 水頼

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.635, pp.2837-2844, 1999-07-25 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

4

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Animals have various muscular as power souses and they, living in the gravitational environments, have very similar basic muscular arrangements in their muscular arrangements reflecting differences in their locomotive life styles. We have reported that the coordinating muscular activities among the three pairs of antagonistic muscles contributed to the output force direction control, in all round (360°) direction, the force/position control and the stiffness control at the endpoint of the extremities. In the present paper, relations between the differences in the muscular arrangements in animals and the differences in the characteristic differences in their locomotive styles were analyzed in terms of functional anatomy and of control engineering. The results obtained that the muscular arrangements in animals was reflected in their locomotive styles. All animals had the essential muscular arrangements to realize the force and the stiffness properties at the endpoint of the extremities.

著者

大島 徹 藤川 智彦 熊本 水頼

出版者

公益社団法人 精密工学会

雑誌

精密工学会誌 (ISSN:09120289)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.11, pp.1824-1828, 2001-11-05 (Released:2009-04-10)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

6 6

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It has been reported that, in the two joint motor link system of the human arm, complicate muscular alignments were simplified into three antagonistic pairs of six muscles including mono- and bi-articular muscles and these six muscle strengths were defined as functionally effective muscular strengths (FEMS), and the output force distribution exerted at the endpoint of the two-joint link system comes hexagonal shape, and further the six FEMS could be estimated based on the hexagonal characteristics of the output force distribution. In this study, it has been revealed that the same relationship between the output force distribution and the FEMS could be seen in the human leg as seen in the human arm, and the leg FEMS could be estimated with the ratio between the physiological cross sectional arias (PCSA) of the antagonistic biarticular leg muscles, because of its very little variation among the previous reports.

著者

藤川 智彦

出版者

富山県立大学

巻号頁・発行日

1999

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博士論文

著者

河内 了輔 新川 拓也 河原崎 景太 藤川 智彦 武井 安津子 湊 小太郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

生体医工学 (ISSN:1347443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.6, pp.564-570, 2012-12-10 (Released:2013-07-31)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

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In this study, we developed a point-contact force sensor, and this sensor was used to develop a measurement system that was shaped in the form of a feeding bottle. Unlike in a cantilever force sensor, in the proposed force sensor, the point of force measurement does not move. Thus, the force sensor can measure a force at a specified point. The force sensor consists of a pressure transducer and a steel ball with a diameter of 3 mm. Any force applied to the artificial nipple is transmitted to the pressure transducer, which is in point contact with the steel ball. The force sensor is linear up to a load of 3.92 N, has a hysteresis of 1%, and has a response time of 4 ms. The force is measured at distances of 8 mm (channel 1) and 14 mm (channel 2) from the tip of the nipple. In the measurement system, the sensor signals are converted (A/D) at a sampling rate of 100 Hz and a quantization resolution of 10 bits. After the A/D conversion, the force signals are transferred to a data indicator and a data logger for real-time display on an LCD and for storage ona micro SD card, respectively. Using this system, we performed measurements on four infants. A signal peak was observed from channel 2 and then from channel 1. This result could be attributable to the peristaltic movements of the infant's tongue. The same result was observed for all subjects. These results indicate that the proposed system can be used to measure any force that is applied to an artificial nipple. Moreover, the mother of a subject also performed measurements using the system. This confirmed that the system was easy to operate and that measurements could be performed in a normal feeding posture.