著者

西本 哲也 村上 成之 阿部 俊昭 小野 古志郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 A編 (ISSN:03875008)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.591, pp.2386-2392, 1995-11-25 (Released:2008-02-21)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

7 6

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The purpose of this study is to understand the mechanical properties of the human cranium in order to develop a FEM simulation model of the head. Craniectomy samples, autoclave bone flaps and dry cadaver skulls were tested using values of radial bending moment considered typical in the case of head injury. In this study, we developed a procedure for estimation of the mechanical properties of the cranium by assuming a proportional relation between the bone mineral density and Young's modulus. The mechanical properties of the human cranium have been determined from the three-point bending test and the bone mineral density measured by the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The human cranium consisted of inner and outer tables (cortical bones) and a diploe (a cancellous bone). The stress on the cortical and the cancellous bones in the field of bending stress was assumed that the cranium was a beam in which two different materials were combined. The experiment showed that fresh cranial fractures start at the inner table and the diploe and then propagate to the outer table. The fracture of a cranium taken out of a human being will exhibit elastic-plastic fractures. This fact implies that the inner table and the diploe fractures can occur even if no fracture is detected using plain X-rays in cases of acute extradural hematomas (EDH).

著者

和田 崇文 上久保 毅 中島 真人 阿部 俊昭

出版者

Japanese Association for Acute Medicine

雑誌

日本救急医学会雑誌 (ISSN:0915924X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.12, pp.755-759, 2001-12-15 (Released:2009-03-27)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

3 2

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A 15-year-old boy with a neck injury transferred to our emergency room was alert and cooperative. During surgical closure of the wound, he vomited and became somnolent. A piece of brain tissue was found in vomit. Computed tomography (CT) showed pneumocephalus and a small hemorrhage in the left frontal lobe. Surgery undertaken found an irregular bone defect in the plamun sphenoidale and a dural laceration in the frontal base. The dura of the left frontal convexity was also lacerated. These findings suggested that an unknown foreign body penetrated the right lateral neck and the skull base through the nasopharynx, then reached up to the frontal bone. Postoperative course was uneventful. He witnessed later that he hit his neck on to an iron rod protruding from concrete blocks when he fell. He had known that this rod had penetrated his neck. Orbitocranial stab wounds may associate penetrating brain injuries, but it seems quite rare that a cervical stab wound complicated a penetrating brain injury. It should be stressed that physicians and paramedics must glean information about the modality of penetrating injuries.

著者

高尾 洋之 山本 誠 大塚 忍 鈴木 貴士 増田 俊輔 村山 雄一 阿部 俊昭

出版者

日本脳神経外科コングレス

雑誌

脳神経外科ジャーナル (ISSN:0917950X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.4, pp.298-305, 2012-04-20

参考文献数

30

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近年,数値流体解析(CFD)技術はさまざまな分野で応用され,医学の分野において,多くの論文で数値流体解析の結果が報告されている.現在,脳動脈瘤の発生,増大および破裂のメカニズムは十分に理解されていない.それに対し,CFDを用いてそれらに関わる流体力学的パラメーター(wall shear stress : WSS, shear strain rate : SSR, oscillatory shear index : OSI, energy loss : EL, pressure loss coefficient : PLC)を検討した論文が数多く存在し,中でもWSSが注目されているが,相反する両論が存在している状況である.本論文では,そのパラメーターをいくつか紹介し,われわれのCFD解析結果の報告に加え,われわれの結果と最近の他の論文の結果を比較する.