- 著者
- HIDEAKI KANZAWA-KIRIYAMA TIMOTHY A. JINAM YOSUKE KAWAI TAKEHIRO SATO KAZUYOSHI HOSOMICHI ATSUSHI TAJIMA NOBORU ADACHI HIROFUMI MATSUMURA KIRILL KRYUKOV NARUYA SAITOU KEN-ICHI SHINODA
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 日本人類学会
- 雑誌
- Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.127, no.2, pp.83-108, 2019 (Released:2019-08-29)
- 参考文献数
- 139
- 被引用文献数
- 43 60
The Funadomari Jomon people were hunter-gatherers living on Rebun Island, Hokkaido, Japan c. 3500–3800 years ago. In this study, we determined the high-depth and low-depth nuclear genome sequences from a Funadomari Jomon female (F23) and male (F5), respectively. We genotyped the nuclear DNA of F23 and determined the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class-I genotypes and the phenotypic traits. Moreover, a pathogenic mutation in the CPT1A gene was identified in both F23 and F5. The mutation provides metabolic advantages for consumption of a high-fat diet, and its allele frequency is more than 70% in Arctic populations, but is absent elsewhere. This variant may be related to the lifestyle of the Funadomari Jomon people, who fished and hunted land and marine animals. We observed high homozygosity by descent (HBD) in F23, but HBD tracts longer than 10 cM were very limited, suggesting that the population size of Northern Jomon populations were small. Our analysis suggested that population size of the Jomon people started to decrease c. 50000 years ago. The phylogenetic relationship among F23, modern/ancient Eurasians, and Native Americans showed a deep divergence of F23 in East Eurasia, probably before the split of the ancestor of Native Americans from East Eurasians, but after the split of 40000-year-old Tianyuan, indicating that the Northern Jomon people were genetically isolated from continental East Eurasians for a long period. Intriguingly, we found that modern Japanese as well as Ulchi, Korean, aboriginal Taiwanese, and Philippine populations were genetically closer to F23 than to Han Chinese. Moreover, the Y chromosome of F5 belonged to haplogroup D1b2b, which is rare in modern Japanese populations. These findings provided insights into the history and reconstructions of the ancient human population structures in East Eurasia, and the F23 genome data can be considered as the Jomon Reference Genome for future studies.
- 著者
- HIDEAKI KANZAWA-KIRIYAMA TIMOTHY A. JINAM YOSUKE KAWAI TAKEHIRO SATO KAZUYOSHI HOSOMICHI ATSUSHI TAJIMA NOBORU ADACHI HIROFUMI MATSUMURA KIRILL KRYUKOV NARUYA SAITOU KEN-ICHI SHINODA
- 出版者
- 日本人類学会
- 雑誌
- Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.190415, (Released:2019-05-29)
- 被引用文献数
- 3 60
The Funadomari Jomon people were hunter-gatherers living on Rebun Island, Hokkaido, Japan c. 3500–3800 years ago. In this study, we determined the high-depth and low-depth nuclear genome sequences from a Funadomari Jomon female (F23) and male (F5), respectively. We genotyped the nuclear DNA of F23 and determined the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class-I genotypes and the phenotypic traits. Moreover, a pathogenic mutation in the CPT1A gene was identified in both F23 and F5. The mutation provides metabolic advantages for consumption of a high-fat diet, and its allele frequency is more than 70% in Arctic populations, but is absent elsewhere. This variant may be related to the lifestyle of the Funadomari Jomon people, who fished and hunted land and marine animals. We observed high homozygosity by descent (HBD) in F23, but HBD tracts longer than 10 cM were very limited, suggesting that the population size of Northern Jomon populations were small. Our analysis suggested that population size of the Jomon people started to decrease c. 50000 years ago. The phylogenetic relationship among F23, modern/ancient Eurasians, and Native Americans showed a deep divergence of F23 in East Eurasia, probably before the split of the ancestor of Native Americans from East Eurasians, but after the split of 40000-year-old Tianyuan, indicating that the Northern Jomon people were genetically isolated from continental East Eurasians for a long period. Intriguingly, we found that modern Japanese as well as Ulchi, Korean, aboriginal Taiwanese, and Philippine populations were genetically closer to F23 than to Han Chinese. Moreover, the Y chromosome of F5 belonged to haplogroup D1b2b, which is rare in modern Japanese populations. These findings provided insights into the history and reconstructions of the ancient human population structures in East Eurasia, and the F23 genome data can be considered as the Jomon Reference Genome for future studies.
- 著者
- Nao Nomura Katsumi Iizuka Eiichi Goshima Kazuyoshi Hosomichi Atsushi Tajima Sodai Kubota Yanyan Liu Ken Takao Takehiro Kato Masami Mizuno Takuo Hirota Tetsuya Suwa Yukio Horikawa Daisuke Yabe
- 出版者
- The Japan Endocrine Society
- 雑誌
- Endocrine Journal (ISSN:09188959)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.EJ21-0526, (Released:2021-11-19)
- 被引用文献数
- 1
Glucokinase has an important role in regulating glycolysis as a glucose sensor in liver and pancreatic β cells. Glucokinase-maturity onset diabetes in young (GCK-MODY also known as MODY2) is caused by autosomal dominant gene mutation of the GCK gene; it is characterized by mild fasting hyperglycemia and small 2-h glucose increment during 75 g-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as well as near-normal postprandial glucose variabilities. A 10-year-old girl with family history of diabetes visited her physician after being found positive for urinary glucose by school medical checkup. She received a diagnosis of diabetes based on the laboratory data: 75 g-OGTT (mild fasting hyperglycemia and small 2-h glucose increment) and factory-calibrated glucose monitoring (mild elevation of average glucose level and near-normal glycemic variability), which raised suspicion of GCK-MODY. She was then referred to our institution for genetic examination, which revealed a GCK heterozygous mutation (NM_000162: exon10: c.1324G>T: p.E442X) in the proband as well as in her mother and maternal grandmother, who had been receiving anti-diabetes medications without knowing that they had GCK-MODY specifically. GCK-MODY cases show incidence of microvascular and macrovascular diseases similar to that of normal subjects, and their glucose levels are adequately controlled without anti-diabetes drug use. Thus, early and definitive diagnosis of MODY2 by genetic testing is important to avoid unnecessary medication.
1 0 0 0 OA Historical Overview of Poultry in Japan
- 著者
- Atsushi Tajima
- 出版者
- Japan Poultry Science Association
- 雑誌
- The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.60, no.2, pp.2023015, 2023 (Released:2023-06-29)
- 参考文献数
- 49
To meet the strong quantitative demands for poultry products with high sanitary standards soon after World War II, the Japanese poultry industry experienced a rapid expansion period. However, it should be remembered that the post-war flourishment of the Japanese poultry industry was built on a solid academic and educational platform that took several pre-war decades to construct. In addition, poultry play a special cultural role in Japanese society. In this review, poultry in Japan is illustrated from the following three historical viewpoints: 1) development of the Japanese poultry industry; 2) academic and educational contributions to the poultry industry in Japan; and 3) ritualistic, mythic, and artistic attributes of poultry that are deeply embedded in Japanese society.