著者

Kazumi Shionosaki Shigeki Sasaki Fumio Yamada Shozo Shibata

出版者

Association of Wildlife and Human Society

雑誌

野生生物と社会 (ISSN:24240877)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.2, pp.1-13, 2016 (Released:2017-06-17)

参考文献数

45

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To protect endangered endemic species from predation by domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus) in Amami-Ohshima Island, Japan, the five local governments on the island issued a regulation in October 2011 on the proper raising and management of domestic cats. We studied the changes in owned and unowned free-roaming cats' activities in a mountain forest (2 km2 in size), near residential areas in Amami City, following the enforcement of the regulation, specifically the prohibition on cat feeding. A camera-trapping method was used to monitor cat activities for six months, prior to the regulation being in force, (2010-2011), and for seven months following the regulations' enforcement (2011-2012).  In response to food availability following the regulation enforcement, the number of unowned cats decreased by almost half, and their activities shifted to nocturnal. Moreover, both owned cats and unowned free-roaming cats tended to utilize the forest interior more than other areas (forest roadside and forest edge adjacent to the residential areas). Although the goal of the regulation is the protection of endemic species against domestic cat predation, the results of the present study indicate that the regulation will increase rather than decrease predation risk to endemic species. Therefore, even though the prohibition on feeding can be effective in reducing free-roaming cat reproduction in the long-term, more direct approaches, such as the removal of free-roaming cats from the endemic species' habitats, might be more effective in the short-term, as well as educating cat owners on the risks owned free-roaming cats pose to endemic species.

著者

Fumio Yamada Mika Takaki Hitoshi Suzuki

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.2, pp.107-116, 2002 (Released:2002-06-06)

参考文献数

57

被引用文献数

38 50

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We determined mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and cytochrome b (cyt b) gene sequences in three leporid species of Japan, the Amami rabbit Pentalagus furnessi from the Ryukyu Islands, the Japanese hare Lepus brachyurus from Honshu, and a Japanese form of the mountain hare Lepus timidus ainu from Hokkaido. We compared the sequences with those of other taxa of leporids available in databases. Phylogenetic trees of the 12S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the lineage of P. furnessi diversified during the generic radiation of the leporids at an ancient time, which was estimated to have been the middle Miocene. Cyt-b gene trees revealed that the lineage of L. brachyurus branched off at an early stage in the speciation of Lepus, probably at the beginning of the Pliocene. The cyt b sequences of L. t. ainu were somewhat distinct from those of continental conspecific populations; this lineage divergence is likely to have occurred during the middle or late Pleistocene. The results show that the three regions of the Japanese archipelago, Ryukyu, Honshu-Shikoku-Kyushu, and Hokkaido, now preserve their own leporid taxa, each with a different extent of genetic endemicity. It is possible that the zoogeographic traits of the Japanese leporids are a consequence of the evolutionary dynamics of leporids in East Asia, in that the radiation centers of leporids are likely to have shifted from tropical, through temperate, to arctic zones.

著者

舟山 眞人 山田 文夫 Masati Funayama Fumio Yamada

出版者

東北大学歯学会

雑誌

東北大学歯学雑誌 (ISSN:02873915)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.1, pp.13-17, 1987-06-01

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当教室において身元不明として剖検された死体の中から, 歯科所見を基に身元が確認された最近の3事例を報告する。第1例は220mの海底から引き上げられた男性死体で, 付近海域に沈没した海洋調査船の乗組員の可能性があった。死体上顎の一部に歯列不正(転位歯)がみられ, これがこの調査船の一人の乗組員の顔写真にも写っていた。更にパノラマ写真などとも照らし合わせた結果, 身元が確認された。第2例は山の沢で発見された若い女性の死体で, 3年間手懸りが掴めなかった。しかし, 県内に住む人からの娘の捜索の届出が発端となり, この娘が受診したことのある2歯科医の診療録と剖検時の観察所見とを照合したところほぼ一致したため, この人の娘であると確認された。第3例は外国人専用旅館の焼け跡から発見された焼死体で, 歯科所見と歯型の石膏模型を大使館経由で疑いが持たれた人の国に送ったところ, その人を治療した歯科医によって一致していることが確認された。