- 著者
- 鈴木 宏 Suzuki Hiroshi
- 出版者
- 新潟医学会
- 雑誌
- 新潟医学会雑誌 (ISSN:00290440)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.124, no.4, pp.181-186, 2010-04
10年前からパンデミック発生が危惧されてきたが, 2009年春に豚インフルエンザH1N1からのパンデミックとなった. 発生後既に1年を経過しようとしているが, 今回の流行は, これまでの想定とはまったく異なり, 多くの点でシナリオの変更を余儀なくされる程の混乱を招いた. 今回の混乱を来たした最大の点は, パンデミック対策の基本とすべき罹患率と致死率などのよる重症度分類が今でも提示されないことにある. 今回のパンデミックは, 季節性インフルエンザの規模と近いくらいであり, 対応としてやり過ぎの面はあるが, 第二波や将来の次のパンデミックに備える一つの試練ととらえ, 各部署での今回の総括を早期に行うべきと思われる.
- 著者
- NISHIOKA Midori SUMIDA Masayuki OHTA Shigeru SUZUKI Hiroshi
- 出版者
- 広島大学
- 雑誌
- Scientific report of the Laboratory for Amphibian Biology (ISSN:03863166)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.9, pp.53-96, 1987-12
- 被引用文献数
- 3
Speciation of three allied genera, Buergeria, Rhacophorus and Polypedates, distributed in the Far East, was biochemically examined by the electrophoretic method. Electrophoretic patterns of 16 enzymes extracted from the skeletal muscles and livers and three blood proteins were analyzed in 257 frogs belonging to 14 populations, including one of Buergeria buergeri, four of B. japonica, two of Rhacophorus arboreus, two of Rh. schlegelii, three of Rh. viridis, one of Rh. taipeianus and one of Polypedates leucomystax. These frogs had 25 loci in total. While 10 enzymes, ADA, ADH, AK, CK, Fum, α-GDH, GPI, ME, MPI and PGM, and three blood proteins, Ab, Prot-C and Hb, had a single locus, the other six enzymes, AAT, IDH, LDH, MDH, Pep and SOD, had two loci. At each of the 25 loci, there were 3∿33 phenotypes, 10.6 on the average, produced by 3∿17 alleles, 7.5 on the average. The mean proportions of heterozygous loci per individual in each of the 10 populations of Buergeria and Rhacophorus which were 5∿58 in sample size were 4.0∿23.0%, 12.0% on the average, when examined at the 25 loci controlling 16 enzymes and three blood proteins. These 10 populations were 24∿68%, 44.8% on the average, in mean proportion of polymorphic loci per population and 1.28∿2.12,1.64 on the average, in mean number of alleles per locus. Genetic distances were estimated from gene frequencies by the method of NEI (1972,1975). Those among different populations of B. japonica, Rh. arboreus and Rh. schlegelii were 0.003∿0.270,and those among different subspecies of Rh. viridis were 0.277∿0.865. The genetic distances among four species, Rh. arboreus, Rh. schlegelii, Rh. viridis and Rh. taipeianus, were 0.301∿0.854,while those between Buergeria buergeri and four populations of B. japonica were 2.045∿2.243. The genetic distances between Polypedates and Buergeria and between Polypedates and Rhacophorus were 3.073∿4.572 and 1.183∿1.445,respectively. The genetic distances between Buergeria and Rhacophorus were very large, being from 2.782 to unlimited number owing to nonexistence of common alleles between them. A dendrogram was drawn for the species and populations of Buergeria, Rhacophorus and Polypedates on the basis of genetic distances by the UPGMA clustering method (SNEATH and SOKAL, 1973; NEI, 1975).