著者

Shinichi KINOSHITA Sadao KAGEYAMA Kazuhiko IBA Yasuhiro YAMADA Hirosuke OKADA

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.6, pp.1219-1223, 1975 (Released:2008-11-27)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

11 37

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A microorganism, strain KI 72 capable of utilizing ε-aminocaproic acid cyclic dimer as sole carbon and nitrogen sources was isolated from sludge and identified as Achromobacter guttatus. This bacteria utilized 1% of the cyclic dimer in a day and was not inhibited by the higher concentration of the dimer. The growth rate was independent of the cyclic dimer concentration in the medium, but the maximum cell concentration increased with the increase of substrate concentration. The cell yield was 0.7mg dry cell/mg ε-aminocaproic acid cyclic dimer. Bacterial growth with the cyclic dimer as substrate was significantly stimulated by the addition of yeast extract. Ferric chloride was also stimulatory. Maximal growth was obtained in cultures incubated at pH 6 and at 33°C. Synthesized nylon oligomers, ranging from ε-aminocaproic acid up to its linear hexamer, were found to be catabolized by this organism.

著者

SOICHIRO KUSAKA TSUTOMU SAITO ERIKO ISHIMARU YASUHIRO YAMADA

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2202191, (Released:2022-05-19)

被引用文献数

1

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Many human skeletal remains of the Late–Final Jomon period have been found in shell-mounds on the Atsumi peninsula in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Several types of burials have been found, such as mass burial and bone-gathering burials arranged like a square board (banjo-shuseki burial). In this study, strontium isotope analysis was performed to reveal the meanings of banjo-shuseki burials. The materials included 22 samples of tooth enamel and bones from the Hobi shell-mound, and 30 samples from the Ikawazu shell-mound. The concentration of calcium and strontium was measured, as were the strontium isotope ratios. The results indicated that the tooth enamel from the banjo-shuseki burial exhibited higher strontium isotope ratios than those of tooth enamel from the single burial in Hobi. The tooth enamel from the banjo-shuseki burial and a mass burial in Ikawazu included some individuals with higher strontium isotope ratios. These ratios were higher than the range of the values of human bone samples, modern plants around the sites, and the enamel of terrestrial animals, indicating the possibility that these people grew up in a different place to the sites where they were buried. The individuals in the banjo-shuseki burials may include immigrants who grew up in other areas or their diets incorporated food from other areas.

著者

Yasuhiro Yamada Osamu Takahashi Sachiko Ohde Gautam A Deshpande Tsuguya Fukui

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.15, pp.1521-1526, 2010 (Released:2010-08-02)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

11 21

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Objective Physicians' attire is one important factor to enhance the physician-patient relationship. However, there are few studies that examine patients' preferences for physicians' attire in Japan. We sought to assess patients' preference regarding doctors' attire and to assess the influence of doctors' attire on patients' confidence in their physician. Furthermore, we examined whether patients' preferences would change among various clinical situations. Methods Employing a cross-sectional design, Japanese outpatients chosen over one week in October 2008 from waiting rooms in various outpatient departments at St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, were given a 10-item questionnaire. A 5-point Likert scale was used to estimate patient preference for four types of attire in both male and female physicians, including semi-formal attire, white coat, surgical scrubs, and casual wear. In addition, a 4-point Likert Scale was used to measure the influence of doctors' attire on patient confidence. Patients Japanese outpatients consecutively chosen from waiting rooms at St. Luke's International Hospital in Tokyo for one week in October 2008. Results Of 2,272 outpatients enrolled, 1483 (67.1%) of respondents were women. Mean age of subjects was 53.8 years (SD 16.2 years). Respondents most preferred the white coat (mean rank: 4.18, SD: 0.75) and preferred casual attire the least (mean rank: 2.32, SD: 0.81). For female physicians, 1.4% of respondents ranked the white coat little/least preferred while 64.7% of respondents ranked casual wear little/least preferred. Among respondents who most preferred the white coat for physician attire, perceived hygiene (62.7%) and inspiring confidence (59.3%) were important factors for doctor's attire. Around 70% of all respondents reported that physicians' attire has an influence on their confidence in their physician. Conclusion This study confirms that Japanese outpatients prefer a white coat. Furthermore, this study strongly suggests that wearing a white coat could favorably influence patients' confidence in the relationship with their physician in all types of practice.

著者

Naoto Ohtsubo Syun Gohda Satoshi Sato Yasuhiro Yamada

出版者

The Carbon Society of Japan

雑誌

Carbon Reports (ISSN:24365831)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.2, pp.97-113, 2023-06-01 (Released:2023-06-01)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

5

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Pyridinic nitrogen-containing carbon materials are expected to have excellent performance as electrodes and catalysts. Carbon materials containing only pyridinic nitrogen have been synthesized in recent years, and the use of two-fused-ring aromatic compounds as precursors enabled the synthesis of relatively inexpensive pyridinic nitrogen-containing carbon materials. However, a two-fused-ring aromatic compound such as isoquinoline (IQ) required a relatively high temperature (973 K) for carbonization, causing C–N bond cleavage, and the percentage of pyridinic nitrogen was relatively low: 52% of the N atoms are pyridinic. This study synthesized pyridinic nitrogen-containing carbon materials from six brominated IQs. The bromination of IQs lowered the carbonization temperatures to 673–873 K, which helped avoid the decomposition of the pyridinic nitrogen. Among these six precursors, the one with two bromine substitutions (1,4-dibromoisoquinoline) had the highest percentage of pyridinic nitrogen (65%) at 773 K. The factors that increase the percentage of pyridinic nitrogen are (1) avoiding the formation of a 1,10-phenanthroline-like structure during dimerization, (2) avoiding the formation of N–H and promoting the scission of the formed C–N in dimers formed after C=C coupling at bromine-substituted positions between precursors, and (3) forming a more ordered six-membered ring structure by the introduction of two or more highly reactive bromines.

著者

YASUHIRO YAMADA

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.220326, (Released:2022-05-19)

著者

YASUHIRO YAMADA

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2202192, (Released:2022-05-19)

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Archaeological study of the social structure of the Jomon period has advanced through discoveries about the relative positions of graves, the presence or absence therein of accessories and grave goods, head orientations of corpses, types of tooth extraction, and so on. In recent years, research using anthropological information—both physical and biological—obtained from excavated human bones has begun to elucidate the social structures of that time. This approach is called bioarchaeology. In the analysis of the social structure of the Jomon period, bioarchaeology has three principal uses: to reconstruct burial subgroups by 14C dating of human bones; to estimate genetic relationships between adjacent human bones; and to estimate the proportion of migrants in the overall population. Here, I review the analysis of the cemetery of the Odake shell-mound as an example of bioarchaeological research while touching on the history of archaeological research of Jomon social structure.

著者

DAISUKE WAKU TAKASHI GAKUHARI KAE KOGANEBUCHI MINORU YONEDA OSAMU KONDO TADAYUKI MASUYAMA YASUHIRO YAMADA HIROKI OOTA

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.220129, (Released:2022-05-19)

被引用文献数

2

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A draft whole genome sequence of a Jomon woman from the Ikawazu shell-mound site has been reported recently. The adult woman, IK002, was excavated with a child, IK001. Because of the burial situation with the child located above the adult, the two individuals were thought to be a mother–child relationship. In this study, we conducted a target capture sequencing, and obtained 258-fold coverage of the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequence of IK001. Comparing the mtDNA nucleotide sequences of IK001 and IK002, we found these were unambiguously different from each other. Thus, the mitogenome sequence analysis clarified that both have a non-mother–child relationship. This result sheds new light on the relationship between burial and kinship in Jomon archaeology.