著者

MARIA KOWALSKA

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.1, pp.99-108, 1985-03-15 (Released:2006-06-16)

参考文献数

18

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Three generations of rats were long-term exposed to HTO in drinking water at activity of 37.0 kBq/ ml or to food containing OBT at activity of 48.1 kBq/g. The rats consumed tritiated water and tritiated food ad libitum. The parent females P0 were exposed for 64 days, the F1 and F2 generations were lifetime exposed and F3 generation during whole intrauterine life. It was found that the amount of tritium incorporated into rat brain protein amino acids after administration of tritiated food was higher than after administration of tritiated water and was the highest in rats exposed during their intrauterine life.

著者

Tadaaki BAN-NAI Yasuyuki MURAMATSU Satoshi YOSHIDA

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.325-332, 2004 (Released:2004-08-10)

参考文献数

58

被引用文献数

13

---

Mushrooms are known to accumulate radiocesium. To estimate the intake of radiocesium through the eating of mushrooms, about 30 samples belonging to 4 commonly consumed species (Lentinula edodes, Hypsizigus marmoreus, Grifola frondosa, and Tricholoma matsutake), were analyzed for 137Cs and 40K. The concentration ranges were 0.060-29 Bq kg-1 (wet wt) for 137Cs and 38-300 Bq kg-1 (wet wt) for 40K. The geometric mean concentration for 137Cs was 0.56 Bq kg-1 (wet wt), and the mean concentration for 40K was 92 Bq kg-1 (wet wt). The 137Cs concentrations in L. edodes cultivated in mushroom beds (sawdust-rice bran media) were lower than those cultivated on bed logs (natural wood with bark). The annual intake of 137Cs per person through mushrooms was calculated, by using the current analytical results and food consumption data in Japan, to be 3.1 Bq for 137Cs, which is about 28% of the total dietary intake of this nuclide. The effective dose equivalent of 137Cs through mushrooms was estimated to be 4.0 ¤ 10-8 Sv, which is about the half the value obtained in our previous study. The decrease of the 137Cs intake through mushrooms is probably related to changes in cultivation methods in recent years, from the use of bed logs to mushroom beds.

著者

葉佐井 博巳 星 正治 横路 謙次郎

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research 編集委員会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.SUPPLEMENT, pp.32-39, 1991 (Released:2006-05-31)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1 1 1

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Three studies of fallout measurements were reviewed for the discussion of possible radioactivity intake from the Hiroshima atomic bomb. The first study discussed correlations between enriched 234U and 137Cs specific activities from the measurement of soil samples collected in the “black rain” area. The second study measured 137Cs activity on the rock and roof tile samples collected in the hypocenter area immediately after the explosion. Some of the rock and roof tile samples collected near the hypocenter had a small but detectable amount of 137Cs activity. However, it has been determined that 137Cs exposure, for example, was negligible compared with DS86 dose estimates, since these activity levels were low. The third study detected 90Sr activity in some of the specimens of human bones exhumed on Ninoshima Island. This study compared the difference in activity between the bone head and shaft, with higher activities obtained in the bone head. This fact suggests a short intake period for this activity, however, the levels of 90Sr contamination were too low to allow a discussion of the exposure risks.

著者

伊沢 正実 坪田 博行

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research 編集委員会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.2, pp.120-129, 1962

被引用文献数

5

---

To evaluate hazards of environmental contamination due to fission products from nuclear weapon test explosions, determination of body burden of the radionuclides taken in human body is essential. Because urine analysis is one of the practical methods to estimate body burden, Cs-137 concentration in human urine has been surveyed in Osaka and Ishikawa Prefectures since the fall of 1959. From the results of analyses, time variation of Cs-137 concentration and difference between two sampling sites were discussed with respect to the fallout rate. Cs-137 body burden was estimated from the analytical results by assuming the exponential equation for continuous exposure : In November 1959 the values were 8.4 mμc in Ishikawa and 6.0 mμc in Osaka respectively. And they decreased to 3 mμc in October 1961 in both areas. These values were consistent with the results obtained by other methods. Cs-137 gonad dose could be calculated with these values assuming uniform distribution of Cs-137 in a human body. Gonad dose rate due to internally deposited Cs-137 at present is about 0.7 mrad/y, and gonad dose up to the present is in the range of 5 to 8 mrad.

著者

山県 登

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.3, pp.158-169, 1962-09

被引用文献数

1 7

---

Measurements were made of potassium, rubidium and cesium in a variety of Japanese diet samples to know the fate of these elements in food chain. Each component of the diet contributes potassium evenly to the diet, however, almost a half of cesium is estimated to be contributed by meat, eggs and milk products. Thus, the daily intake of cesium varies greatly depending on the dietary intake of this component. The daily intake by the Japanese adults as a whole is estimated as 1. 4 g of potassium, 1. 5 mg of rubidium and 0. 01 mg of cesium per person. The biological half-lives are estimated as 54, 140 and 76 days, respectively, for potassium, rubidium and cesium on the basis of the balance between the human body and diet assuming a single exponential function of excretion.

著者

Naomi HAYASHIDA Yui SEKITANI Alexander KOZLOVSKY Ruslan RAFALSKY Alexander GUTEVICH Valery DANILIUK Shunichi YAMASHITA Noboru TAKAMURA

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.5, pp.629-633, 2011 (Released:2011-09-27)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

13 4

---

During the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (CNPP) accident on 26 April 1986, large amounts of radionuclides were released and spread to vast areas. Inhabitants residing around CNPP have been exposed to external and internal irradiation due to the long half-life of 137Cs (30 years). In this study, we screened for internal whole-body 137Cs concentration using a whole-body counter in the Zhitomir state of Ukraine. The total number of participants was 144,972 (96,149 females and 48,823 males). The median body burden of 137Cs per body weight decreased from 1996 to 2008. In particular, after 2003, more than half of subjects had internal exposure doses below the detectable level. A weak seasonal effect was found in measurement data from 1997 to 1999, but no such effects were observed in later years. We also calculated annual dose for each year and confirmed that doses have been decreasing gradually. In particular, after 2003, the annual effective dose decreased to 0.1 mSv y–1 for 95% of the participants. Only two persons were found to have received more than 5 mSv y–1 since 2007. Although the health effects of 137Cs body burden due to the Chernobyl accident remain uncertain, further screening is needed to monitor the health status and to allay the anxiety of inhabitants in the contaminated areas around CNPP.

著者

Tetsuo YAMAMOTO Manabu KINOSHITA Nariyoshi SHINOMIYA Sadayuki HIROI Hidekazu SUGASAWA Yoshitaro MATSUSHITA Takashi MAJIMA Daizoh SAITOH Shuhji SEKI

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.145-156, 2010 (Released:2010-03-25)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

38 28

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While bone marrow or stem cell transplantation can rescue bone marrow aplasia in patients accidentally exposed to a lethal radiation dose, radiation-induced irreversible gastrointestinal damage (GI syndrome) is fatal. We investigated the effects of ascorbic acid on radiation-induced GI syndrome in mice. Ascorbic acid (150 mg/kg/day) was orally administered to mice for 3 days, and then the mice underwent whole body irradiation (WBI). Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) 24 h after irradiation rescued mice receiving a WBI dose of less than 12 Gy. No mice receiving 14 Gy-WBI survived, because of radiation-induced GI syndrome, even if they received BMT. However, pretreatment with ascorbic acid significantly suppressed radiation-induced DNA damage in the crypt cells and prevented denudation of intestinal mucosa; therefore, ascorbic acid in combination with BMT rescued mice after 14 Gy-WBI. DNA microarray analysis demonstrated that irradiation up-regulated expressions of apoptosis-related genes in the small intestine, including those related to the caspase-9-mediated intrinsic pathway as well as the caspase-8-mediated extrinsic pathway, and down-regulated expressions of these genes in ascorbic acid-pretreated mice. Thus, pretreatment with ascorbic acid may effectively prevent radiation-induced GI syndrome.

著者

Yuko HIRAI Yoshiaki KODAMA Harry M. CULLINGS Chuzo MIYAZAWA Nori NAKAMURA

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research 編集委員会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1107140221-1107140221, (Released:2011-07-16)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

8

---

The atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki led to two different types of radiation exposure; one was direct and brief and the other was indirect and persistent. The latter (so-called exposure to residual radiation) resulted from the presence of neutron activation products in the soil, or from fission products present in the fallout. Compared with the doses from direct exposures, estimations of individual doses from residual radiation have been much more complicated, and estimates vary widely among researchers. The present report bases its conclusions on radiation doses recorded in tooth enamel from survivors in Hiroshima. Those survivors were present at distances of about 3 km or greater from the hypocenter at the time of the explosion, and have DS02 estimated doses (direct exposure doses) of less than 5 mGy (and are regarded as control subjects). Individual doses were estimated by measuring CO2– radicals in tooth enamel with the electron spin resonance (ESR; or electron paramagnetic resonance, EPR) method. The results from 56 molars donated by 49 survivors provided estimated doses which vary from –200 mGy to 500 mGy, and the median dose was 17 mGy (25% and 75% quartiles are –54 mGy and 137 mGy, respectively) for the buccal parts and 13 mGy (25% and 75% quartiles: –49 mGy and 87 mGy, respectively) for the lingual parts of the molars. Three molars had ESR-estimated doses of 300 to 400 mGy for both the buccal and lingual parts, which indicates possible exposures to excess doses of penetrating radiation, although the origin of such radiation remains to be determined. The results did not support claims that a large fraction of distally-exposed survivors received large doses (e.g. 1 Gy) of external penetrating radiation resulting from residual radiation.

著者

M. UCHIYAMA G. TANAKA S. AKIBA

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research 編集委員会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.3, pp.358-370, 1982-09-15 (Released:2006-06-16)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 4

---

A dose of 2.74 kBq of carrier-free 131I (NaI) was given orally to 2 male adults (A and B) in their routine works under a limitation of iodine intake for A and a fairly free access to iodine intake for B for 2 weeks predose. In both the thyroid and the whole-body, the retentions were expressed with a 2 term-exponential function. The metabolic data for subjects A and B are as follows: (1) a peak thyroidal uptake; 28.9 and 10.3% at 24 hours postdose (2) an effective half-time in the thyroid; 6.4 and 6.1 days (3) an effective half-time in the thighs; 0.2 and 0.3 day (4) excretion of 131I in the first 24-hr urine; 72 and 88% of the given dose (5) an amount of stable iodine in 24-hr urine before 131I administration; 0.29 and 2.0 to 5.4 mg. The dose commitments were estimated 1.19 and 0.39 mGy to the thyroid and 1 and 0.5 μGy to the total body for subjects A and B, respectively. The same results were obtained using the “S”, by MIRD.

著者

Shahla MOHAMMADI Mahnaz TAGHAVI-DEHAGHANI Mohammad R. GHARAATI Reza MASOOMI Mehdi GHIASSI-NEJAD

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research 編集委員会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.3+4, pp.279-285, 2006 (Released:2006-11-25)

参考文献数

56

被引用文献数

27

---

The hot springs in certain areas of Ramsar contain 226Ra and 222Rn. The effects of natural radiation on the inhabitants of these areas and the inhabitant's radiosensitivity or adaptive responses were studied. One group of volunteers from areas with high natural background radiation and another group from areas with normal background radiation were chosen as the case and control group respectively. The frequency of micronuclei, apoptosis, and DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were measured following γ irradiation (4 Gy). The incidence of micronuclei in the case group was significantly lower than that in the control group while their frequency of apoptosis was higher (P < 0.05). However, the rates of induced DNA damage and repair were significantly higher in the case group (P < 0.05). Smaller number of micronuclei and higher levels of apoptosis in the case group could be the result of higher resistance to radiation stress and a more rigorous checkpoint at cell division. However, regarding the alkaline labile sites, the individuals in the case group are more sensitive and susceptible to DNA damage. The results of micronuclei, apoptosis and repair studies suggest that an adaptive response might be induced in people residing in areas with high background radiation.

著者

山県 登

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.9-30, 1962-03

被引用文献数

3 41

---

Measurements have been made of potassium, rubidium and cesium in the human soft tissues, muscles and bones from autopsies to determine the normal concentrations of these elements and to estimate the total body amount. The individual variability of concentration increases in the following order : K Rb Cs and the distribution pattern of potassium in muscle suggests a normal distribution and the observed distribution of stable cesium and the Cs/K ratio in muscle appear to be lognormal. A fairly good agreement is observed in rubidium data with those reported by other workers, however, discrepancy in cesium data is observed between the author and other workers. The amount of potassium, rubidium and cesium in the total body estimated from the concentrations of these elements in the soft tissues, muscle and bone is, respectively, 136±28 grams, 0.36±0.09 grams and 1.4×10^<-3> grams (95% probable range : 0.50-4.1×10^<-3>) for the standard man of 70 kg body weight.

著者

YUMIKO NITTA SATORU ENDO NARIAKI FUJIMOTO KENJI KAMIYA MASAHARU HOSHI

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.2, pp.143-155, 2001 (Released:2001-10-27)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

5 4

---

Female rats of the Fischer 344 strain at ages of 1, 4 and 9 weeks were exposed to 131I intraperitoneally with activities of 0.38, 1.03 and 3.42 kBq per gram of body weight under the condition of iodine deficiency. The absorbed doses in the thyroid increased linearly depending on the injected activities. Irradiation at 1 week old caused heavier exposure than those at 4 and 9 weeks old by 7.5 and 7.7 times, respectively; however, damage of the thyroid tissue was more obvious in the 4-week-old groups than in the 1-week-old groups. The absorbed doses in the total body were proportional to the square root of the injected activities. The one-week-old groups were exposed more heavily than the 4- and 9-week-old groups by 3.6 and 4.7 times, respectively, shown by the slow excretion of 131I with the values of effective half-life of 131I activity (Teff). An IDD-treatment was not so effective to enhance the 131I absorption in the total body, as in the thyroid. No matter how the iodine concentration in the blood changed, the 1-week-old groups could not react to normalize the level. We drew standard curves, which enabled us to estimate the absorbed doses in the thyroid and the total body in the case of the injected activities of 131I for the newborn, pubertal and adult rats.

著者

Dusan SOKOLOVIC Boris DJINDJIC Jelenka NIKOLIC Gordana BJELAKOVIC Dusica PAVLOVIC Gordana KOCIC Dejan KRSTIC Tatjana CVETKOVIC Voja PAVLOVIC

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.6, pp.579-586, 2008 (Released:2008-11-28)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

80

---

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the intensity of oxidative stress in the brain of animals chronically exposed to mobile phones and potential protective effects of melatonin in reducing oxidative stress and brain injury. Materials and methods: Experiments were performed on Wistar rats exposed to microwave radiation during 20, 40 and 60 days. Four groups were formed: I group (control)- animals treated by saline, intraperitoneally (i.p.) applied daily during follow up, II group (Mel)- rats treated daily with melatonin (2 mg kg-1 body weight i.p.), III group (MWs)- microwave exposed rats, IV group (MWs + Mel)- MWs exposed rats treated with melatonin (2 mg kg-1 body weight i.p.). The microwave radiation was produced by a mobile test phone (SAR = 0.043-0.135 W/kg). Results: A significant increase in the brain tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonyl group concentration was registered during exposure. Decreased activity of catalase (CAT) and increased activity of xanthine oxidase (XO) remained after 40 and 60 days of exposure to mobile phones. Melatonin treatment significantly prevented the increase in the MDA content and XO activity in the brain tissue after 40 days of exposure while it was unable to prevent the decrease of CAT activity and increase of carbonyl group contents. Conclusion: We demonstrated two important findings; that mobile phones caused oxidative damage biochemically by increasing the levels of MDA, carbonyl groups, XO activity and decreasing CAT activity; and that treatment with the melatonin significantly prevented oxidative damage in the brain.

著者

TOMOTAKA SOBUE VALERIE S. LEE WEIMIN YE HIROSHI TANOOKA MASAAKI MIFUNE AKIHIKO SUYAMA TAEKO KOGA HIROSHIGE MORISHIMA SOHEI KONDO

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.2, pp.81-92, 2000 (Released:2001-07-26)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

17

---

In order to investigate an association between residential radon exposure and risk of lung cancer, a case-control study was conducted in Misasa Town, Tottori Prefecture, Japan. The case series consisted of 28 people who had died of lung cancer in the years 1976-96 and 36 controls chosen randomly from the residents in 1976, matched by sex and year of birth. Individual residential radon concentrations were measured for 1 year with alpha track detectors. The average radon concentration was 46 Bq/m3 for cases and 51 Bq/m3 for controls. Compared to the level of 24 or less Bq/m3, the adjusted odds ratios of lung cancer associated with radon levels of 25-49, 50-99 and 100 or more Bq/m3, were 1.13 (95% confidence interval; 0.29-4.40), 1.23 (0.16-9.39) and 0.25 (0.03-2.33), respectively. None of the estimates showed statistical significance, due to small sample size. When the subjects were limited to only include residents of more than 30 years, the estimates did not change substantially. This study did not find that the risk pattern of lung cancer, possibly associated with residential radon exposure, in Misasa Town differed from patterns observed in other countries.

著者

Shahla MOHAMMADI Mahnaz TAGHAVI-DEHAGHANI Mohammad R. GHARAATI Reza MASOOMI Mehdi GHIASSI-NEJAD

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research 編集委員会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0609140008-0609140008, (Released:2006-09-21)

参考文献数

56

被引用文献数

27

---

The hot springs in certain areas of Ramsar contain 226Ra and 222Rn. The effects of natural radiation on the inhabitants of these areas and the inhabitant's radiosensitivity or adaptive responses were studied. One group of volunteers from areas with high natural background radiation and another group from areas with normal background radiation were chosen as the case and control group respectively. The frequency of micronuclei, apoptosis, and DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were measured following γ irradiation (4 Gy). The incidence of micronuclei in the case group was significantly lower than that in the control group while their frequency of apoptosis was higher (P < 0.05). However, the rates of induced DNA damage and repair were significantly higher in the case group (P < 0.05). Smaller number of micronuclei and higher levels of apoptosis in the case group could be the result of higher resistance to radiation stress and a more rigorous checkpoint at cell division. However, regarding the alkaline labile sites, the individuals in the case group are more sensitive and susceptible to DNA damage. The results of micronuclei, apoptosis and repair studies suggest that an adaptive response might be induced in people residing in areas with high background radiation.

著者

Stéphane GRISON Jean-Charles MARTIN Line GRANDCOLAS Nathalie BANZET Eric BLANCHARDON Elie TOURLONIAS Catherine DEFOORT Gaëlle FAVÉ Romain BOTT Isabelle DUBLINEAU Patrick GOURMELON Maâmar SOUIDI

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.33-43, 2012 (Released:2012-02-02)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

20 9

---

Reports have described apparent biological effects of 137Cs (the most persistent dispersed radionuclide) irradiation in people living in Chernobyl-contaminated territory. The sensitive analytical technology described here should now help assess the relation of this contamination to the observed effects. A rat model chronically exposed to 137Cs through drinking water was developed to identify biomarkers of radiation-induced metabolic disorders, and the biological impact was evaluated by a metabolomic approach that allowed us to detect several hundred metabolites in biofluids and assess their association with disease states. After collection of plasma and urine from contaminated and non-contaminated rats at the end of the 9-months contamination period, analysis with a LC-MS system detected 742 features in urine and 1309 in plasma. Biostatistical discriminant analysis extracted a subset of 26 metabolite signals (2 urinary, 4 plasma non-polar, and 19 plasma polar metabolites) that in combination were able to predict from 68 up to 94% of the contaminated rats, depending on the prediction method used, with a misclassification rate as low as 5.3%. The difference in this metabolic score between the contaminated and non-contaminated rats was highly significant (P = 0.019 after ANOVA cross-validation). In conclusion, our proof-of-principle study demonstrated for the first time the usefulness of a metabolomic approach for addressing biological effects of chronic low-dose contamination. We can conclude that a metabolomic signature discriminated 137Cs-contaminated from control animals in our model. Further validation is nevertheless required together with full annotation of the metabolic indicators.

著者

伊沢 正実 坪田 博行

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.2, pp.120-129, 1962 (Released:2006-08-29)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

5

---

To evaluate hazards of environmental contamination due to fission products from nuclear weapon test explosions, determination of body burden of the radionuclides taken in human body is essential. Because urine analysis is one of the practical methods to estimate body burden, Cs-137 concentration in human urine has been surveyed in Osaka and Ishikawa Prefectures since the fall of 1959. From the results of analyses, time variation of Cs-137 concentration and difference between two sampling sites were discussed with respect to the fallout rate. Cs-137 body burden was estimated from the analytical results by assuming the exponential equation for continuous exposure : In November 1959 the values were 8.4 mμc in Ishikawa and 6.0 mμc in Osaka respectively. And they decreased to 3 mμc in October 1961 in both areas. These values were consistent with the results obtained by other methods. Cs-137 gonad dose could be calculated with these values assuming uniform distribution of Cs-137 in a human body. Gonad dose rate due to internally deposited Cs-137 at present is about 0.7 mrad/y, and gonad dose up to the present is in the range of 5 to 8 mrad.

著者

田中 義一郎 河村 日佐男

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.78-84, 1978-03

被引用文献数

1 12

---

As a method of prompt and rapid estimation of thyroidal ^<131>I burden of the public (and nuclear workers) in emergency exposure to radioiodine, feasibility of a use of a scintillation survey meter with a NaI(Tl) crystal was demonstrated using phantoms s

著者

Monobe Manami Ando Koichi

出版者

日本放射線影響学会

雑誌

Journal of radiation research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.3, pp.237-245, 2002-09

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

9 24

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We here investigated and reported the effects of beer drinking on radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in blood lymphocytes. Human blood that was collected either before or after drinking a 700 ml beer was in vitro irradiated with 200 kVp X rays or 50 keV/μm carbon ions. The relation between the radiation dose and the aberration frequencies (fragments and dicentrics) was significantly (p < 0.05) lower for lymphocytes collected 3 h after beer drinking than those before drinking. Fitting the dose response to a linear quadratic model showed that the alpha term of carbon ions was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased by beer drinking. A decrease of dicentric formation was detected as early as 0.5 h after beer drinking, and lasted not shorter than 4.5 h. The mitotic index of lymphocytes was higher after beer drinking than before, indicating that a division delay would not be responsible for the low aberrations induced by beer drinking. An in vitro treatment of normal lymphocytes with 0.1 M ethanol, which corresponded to a concentration of 6-times higher than the maximum ethanol concentration in the blood after beer drinking, reduced the dicentric formation caused by X-ray irradiation, but not by carbonion irradiation. The beer-induced reduction of dicentric formation was not affected by serum. It is concluded that beer could contain non-ethanol elements that reduce the chromosome damage of lymphocytes induced by high-LET radiation.

著者

Miao-Fen CHEN Chun-Te WU Yu-Jen CHEN Peter C. KENG Wen-Cheng CHEN

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.2, pp.253-260, 2004 (Released:2004-08-10)

参考文献数

47

被引用文献数

65

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Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a biologically active ingredient of honeybee propoplis. The cytotoxicity and radiation sensitization effects of CAPE were evaluated in human lung cancer A549 cells and normal lung fibroblast WI-38 cells. A549 cells treated with 6 μg/ml CAPE showed marked growth inhibition (60%) at 48 hr after treatments. During the same time, the number of viable cells decreased to 46% of the control value. In contrast, WI-38 cells showed 20% growth inhibition with no change in the number of viable cells under the same treatment conditions. At 72 hr after CAPE treatment (6 μg/ml), the percentage of apoptotic cells in A549 cultures increased significantly to 67% and an S/G2 arrest was also detected in the culture. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in the level of intracellular glutathione and hydrogen peroxide contents within one hr after CAPE treatment, and the expression of cyclin B1 was reduced 6 hr after treatment. The radiation sensitization effect of CAPE on A549 cells was determined from the clonogenic survival curves, and the results showed a small but significant difference in radiation survival between cells treated with or without CAPE. Taken together, our results suggest that the effects of CAPE on differential cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and radiosensitization are associated with glutathione depletion that occurred shortly after treatments.