著者

野田 稲吉

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1-2, pp.1-13, 1964-11-30 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

22

著者

田崎 和江

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.3, pp.93-104, 1991-07-31 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

98

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The best examples of bacteriogenic mineralization in the geologic record came from the Precambrian Gunflint Iron Formation in Canada. About 250 minerals are now considered to be biomineralization product and the biomass may control their environmental behavior. The bacteria present in almost all places, such as soils, lakes, acid mine drainage, cement concrete, sludge and deep-sea sediments at temperatures from freezing to hundreds degree cen-tigrades and wide range of pH. Recent examples of bacteriogenic mineralization drawn from areas impacted by industrial activity give the evidences that bacteria can support high rate of mineral precipitation. TEM photographs show that bacterial cell wall is essentially occupied by crystalline materials. Interaction between in-organic physical processes and the biological processes occurs at the interfacial of bacteria and solution. Extensive microbial activity in response to environmental change are the most sensitive factors modyfying the surface of our planet.

著者

武藤 正

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.1-2, pp.60-71, 1963-03-30 (Released:2009-09-03)

参考文献数

5

著者

藤井 動

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, pp.167-180, 1961-07-30 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

28

著者

大谷 栄治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.4, pp.209-216, 1991-10-31 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

29

---

The phase transitions in the peridotite composition can account for the observed density and seismic wave velocity profiles of the upper mantle and the transiton zone. On the other hand, the lower mantle is not well constrained by the present experimental data, because of large uncertainties in the physical properties of the lower mantle minerals, and the temperature distribution in the lower mantle. Both a homogeneous mantle with a peridotite composition, and a stratified mantle with a peridotite upper mantle and a silica rich lower mantle can be consistent with the observed seismic data. The source upper mantle of the Al-depleted komatiite observed in the late Archean (2.5 Ga old) shows chondritic abundances of some key refractory lithophile elements compatible with the ultrahigh pressure minerals such as majorite and Mg-perovskite. The Al-depleted and Al-enriched komatiites generally observed in the early Archean (3.5-3.8 Ga old) show evidence of the majorite fractionation, melting at the depths of the transition zone. Recent Hf isotopic data of Al-depleted komatiites imply that the source mantle of the komatiites shows no evience of chemical layering in the early Archean; the source mantle of such komatiites was chondritic in terms of some refractory lithophile elements, such as Al, Ti, Sc, Hf, HREE. Solid state convection might have homogenized the stratification formed by global melting during the accretional stage of the Earth.

著者

南 英一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.1-24, 1954-09-30 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1

著者

和田 浩爾

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.3, pp.143-150, 1981-11-30 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

30

---

This is a review of color of pearls. It is evident on the base of studies that the color of pearls is the sum of iridescence and body color. The iridescence occurs by the interference of light reflected from the superficial and internal laminar structure of nacre, which is made of the accumulation of crystal layer and thinner organic sheet parallel to the surface of pearls. The crystal layer is from 0.3 to 0.8 μm thick and consists of a definite aggregate of many small tabular crystals of aragonite in a row. On the other hand, the body color is due to the absorption of light by pigment, nacreous matter and other matters.

著者

広渡 文利 福岡 正人

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.6, pp.347-365, 1989-01-25 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

1 3

---

This paper described the following three topics concerning with the studies on the manganese minerals in Japan from the mineralogical viewpoint.1). Historical developement and mineral species of the Japanese manganese minerals. The number of the manganese mineral species confirmed to occur in Japan during from 1887 to 1987 amount to 88 (silicates 44, oxides 30, sulfates 5, borates 3, carbonates 2, sulfides 2, tungustate 1, and arsenate 1). Mineral name, chemical composition, localities, and authors of the manganese minerals found first in Japan are listed as a table in chronological order.2). Manganoan sugilite and associated other minerals from the Furumiya mine. The mode of occurrence, microscopic feature, chemical composition, and X-ray powder diffraction data for the manganoan sugilite are described. The mineral occurs as veinlets of purple tint with guartz vein cutting braunite ore, and it is found associated with serandite, sanbornite, krauskopfite, and Mn-alkali amphibole. These associated minerals are determined by means of EPMA.3). Witherite and “BaMn (CO3)2” mineral (unnamed new mineral) from the Hagidairaand Fukumaki mines. Both the minerals from the Hagidaira mine are found in rhodochrosite-manganositea-labandite ore. The witherite occurs as a fine-grained aggregate, while the “BaMn (CO3)2 ” mineral is coarse-grained crystal, and it is surrounded by the fine-grained witherite. The mode of occurrence, optical properties, chemical composition, and X-ray powder diffraction data for the witherite and “BaMn (CO3)2” mineral from the Hagidaira mine are described. On the other hand, the witherite and “BaMn (CO3)2 ” mineral from the Fukumaki mine occur in manganosite-tephroite-galaxite ore. The mode of occurrence, optical properties, and chemical composition of both the minerals are generally similar to those of the Hagidaira mine. However, although individual crystals of both the minerals from the Fukumaki mine are much too small, the X-ray powder diffraction data of them are not determined yet.

著者

諏訪 兼位

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.5, pp.265-272, 1990-08-31 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

21

---

This is to review some phases in the history of petrography and petrology. Petrology has developed on a deep understanding that a rock is not a rock-fragment in any sample case but an important constituent of the earth and planets. Some recent works on some rock-forming minerals done in my laboratory are introduced in this paper. Some random thoughts on amalgamators of mineralogy and petrology are presented. Mineralogy has developed recently as mineralogical science. It has two main aspects: (a) earth and planetary science, and (b) material science. Mineralogical science as material science should consider the earth and planets to develop further.

著者

佐々木 信行 萱原 有紀子 綿抜 邦彦

出版者

Japan Association of Mineralogical Sciences

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, pp.113-121, 1992

---

Hokutolite, plumbian barite, crystallized by the splashing of hot spring water was examined in comparison with the hokutolite crystallized in the hot spring water at Tamagawa Hot Spring in Japan. The results are as follows: 1) The hokutolite formed by the splashing contains more Pb, Sr, Ca and less Fe than the hokutolite formed in the water. The average chemical composition of the former is PbO=13.50 wt.%, SrO=0.35 wt.%, CaO=0.17 wt.%, Fe2O3 =0.11 wt.%, and that of the latter is PbO=9.66 wt.%, SrO=0.32 wt.%, CaO=0.11 wt.%, Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>=0.52 wt. %. 2) The hokutolite formed by the splashing contains less sulfur crystal and Fe compound than the hokutolite formed in the water. 3) The high contents of Pb, Sr, Ca in the hokutolite formed by the splashing is supposed to be caused by the rapid cooling and concentration of the hot spring waters, which can be explained semi-quantitatively by phenomenological equations.

著者

進野 勇

出版者

日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.21-30, 1993-01-25 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

3 3

---

A multifunctional spectroscopic method under a polarizing microscope has been introduced. The polarizing microscope spectrophotometer is an assembled form that consits of a standard polarizing microscope attached with epi-illuminators (Hg or Xe or YAG), monochromaters, photodetection systems (photo-multiplier with Lockin amplifier or Boxcar digital processor, or diode array optical multi-channel analyzer) and a microcomputer. However it is restricted to the visible light region. Some effectiveness of this system have been demonstrated: Weak pleochroism in the absorption spectra and enhanced photo-luminescences originated from the same center as occur in the absorption are sensitively detected in zircon. Absorptiometry of ion exchange resin phase absorbing Cr6+ ions as colored species from aquious solution is successfully performed with sensitivity in two orders of higher magnitude than a conventional method.

著者

鍵 裕之

出版者

日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.33-43, 1998-02-28 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

56

被引用文献数

1

---

It is worthwhile to note that hydrogen atoms sructually bound to minerals can interact with network-forming oxygen atoms in minerals through hydrogen-bonding. This suggests the significance of chemical state of hydrogen on studying the role of hydrogen to the change in physicochemical and elastic properties of materials in the mantle. IR spectroscopy provides us with much information on the chemical states of OH species contained in these H-carrying minerals. This paper reviews the advantages of IR spectroscopy to the speciation of OH in minerals, quantitative analysis of hydrogen and determination of direction of OH dipole moment in a single crystal along with the several attentions to be paid on thepractical experimantal procedures. Furthermore, speciation of OH in the olivine-wadsleyite-ringwoodite system and its potential role on mantle dynamics is mentioned in detail. It is a definite fact that IR spectroscopy is one of the most promising method to study properties of hydrogen in minerals, but a complementarity use of other methods such as neutron diffraction will be necessary for thorough understanding of hydrogen in minerals.

著者

広渡 文利 都築 芳郎 湯佐 泰久

出版者

日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.Special, pp.3-8, 1976-03-19 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

10

著者

赤井 純治 川本 光基 赤井 くるみ

出版者

日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.93-97, 1996-05-31 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

11

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Iron ores and mineral spring water from Gumma Iron Mine were examined mainly by TEM. Biomineralization was found on diatom and bacteria in the spring water, and also on living moss. Aggregates of cyanobacteria-like fossils were found in some iron ore which is composed of goethite and jarosite. They were examined by EPMA and TEM (lattice imaging). The formation mechanism of iron ore was discussed and biogenic contribution to the ore formation was suggested.

著者

古沢 昌宏 池谷 元伺

出版者

日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.6, pp.367-372, 1991-02-20 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

18

---

The spatial distribution of paramagnetic and impurities, point defects, radiation effects and orientation of crystal axes is shown in some crystals of zircon, barite, aragonite, apatite, synthetic diamond, and anorthite to demonstrate the usefulness of a microwave scanning ESR microscope which we have recently developed. The feature and principle of this new imaging method is presented with some applications to mineral sciences. New information which can not be obtained with other imaging methods such as EPMA, SIMS, and luminescence becomes available with this ESR microscope. A systematic application of an ESR microscope to mineral sciences is strongly hoped.

著者

桜井 欽一 加藤 昭 吉川 輝四

出版者

日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.6, pp.450-452, 1960-07-25 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

6

著者

鈴木 由郎

出版者

日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.119-125, 1983-03-30 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

4

---

In spite of the steady progress of thechnology in the glass industry, there still remain many problems. Contributions of mineralogy to the glass industry include a characterization of material minerals and a study of stones grown in the course of glass production. The further contributions are expected to the present problems in the glass industry; for example, prospect of the material supply, origin of stones, development of new devitroceramics and structure of new kinds of glass

著者

柳沢 文孝 渡辺 晃二

出版者

日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.Special, pp.133-145, 1981-03-15 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The Tono Mine, Gifu Prefecture is one of the richest sedimentary uranium deposits in Japan. This areas is mainly composed of Tertiary system overlying granite basement. Uranium has been deposited in the lower part of the Tertiary sediments, Mizunami Group, and its location is controlled by the socalled channel structure of the surface of the basement granites. The matrixes of these sediments usually contain tuffaceous materials, which have been argillized and zeolitized diagenetically, and uranium was absorbed in clinoptilolite. The clay mineral species and their relative amounts are closely related to the redox potential and hydrogen ion concentration of the deposits, which are controlled by the movement of groundwater. Main authigenic minerals are montmorillonite, kaolinite, halloysite, sericite and clinoptilolite. In an S-N gallery, the amount of montmorillonite regularly decreases with increasing amount of kaolin minerals and uranium contents. Some iron minerals and calcium minerals are closely associated with clay minerals, zeolite and uranium contents, so the stability relation of their minerals and mineral paragenesis suggest the environments of alteration in this area.

著者

田近 英一

出版者

日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.4, pp.151-161, 1996-10-31 (Released:2009-08-11)

参考文献数

44

---

Water probably has played significant roles in the origin and evolution of the Earth. During the accretion period, an H2-H2O atmosphere would have been formed by impact degassing of planetesimals, which may have resulted in the formation of magma ocean (hence promoted metal-silicate separation) and condensed to form the proto-ocean. During the evolution of the Earth, water would have circulated between the surface and mantle reservoirs. This global water cycle may have controlled the ocean mass and water content in the mantle as it coupled with thermal evolution of the Earth through mantle rheology. It may also have oxidized the mantle and the atmosphere in the Earth's history.

著者

三浦 裕行

出版者

Japan Association of Mineralogical Sciences

雑誌

鉱物学雜誌 = Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Japan (ISSN:04541146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.9-10, 1996-01-01